ASTM D4931-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke
Standard Test Method for Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Moisture adds mass to the coke and serves no useful purpose. A knowledge of the moisture content is important in the purchase and sale of green petroleum coke, both of which are conducted on a dry basis.
5.2 The collection of the sample as specified for the Drying Oven Method is intended for the express purpose of determining the total moisture of green petroleum coke. The standard is available to producers, sellers, and consumers for determination when other techniques or modifications are not mutually agreed on.
5.3 The Preparation Procedure is used only when sample contains free water. Obtaining a representative sample of a coke source is compounded by the presence of free water.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers both the preparation procedure for samples containing free water (air drying loss (ADL) on gross moisture samples) and the determination of the gross moisture content of green petroleum coke.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4931 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4931; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
to Terminologies D121 and D4175.
1.1 This test method covers both the preparation procedure
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
for samples containing free water (air drying loss (ADL) on
3.2.1 air drying, n—a process of partial drying of a green
gross moisture samples) and the determination of the gross
petroleum coke sample to bring it to near equilibrium with the
moisture content of green petroleum coke.
atmosphere in the room in which further reduction/division of
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
the petroleum coke sample is to take place.
as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
3.2.2 air dry loss, ADL, n—the loss in mass, expressed as a
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
percentage, resulting from each air drying operation.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.3 free water, n—visible unbound water in the sample.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.4 green petroleum coke, n—same as raw petroleum
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
coke.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.5 gross moisture, n—that moisture determined as the
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
loss in mass in an air atmosphere under rigidly controlled
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
conditions of temperature, time, and air flow.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.5.1 Discussion—Test Method D3302 prescribes the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
above controlled conditions.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.6 petroleum coke, n—solid, carbonaceous residue pro-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
duced by thermal decomposition of heavy petroleum fractions,
2. Referenced Documents
or cracked stocks, or both.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.7 residual moisture, n—that moisture remaining in the
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
sample after air drying.
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
3.2.8 total moisture, n—synonym for gross moisture.
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
of Coal
4. Summary of Test Method
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
4.1 This test method is based on the loss in mass of a green
Fuels, and Lubricants
petroleum coke sample in an air atmosphere under controlled
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
conditions of temperature, time, and air flow.
Sieves
4.1.1 Preparation Procedure shall be used when the petro-
leum coke sample contains free water. The gross moisture
3. Terminology
sample mass is determined and air dried to equilibrate it with
3.1 Definitions:
the atmosphere. Determination of residual moisture is deter-
mined using the Drying Oven Method. Air drying and residual
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on moisture losses are combined to report gross moisture.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
4.1.2 Drying Oven Method shall be used in routine com-
Subcommittee D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
mercial practice when the sample does not contain free water.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally
The sample is crushed to at least minus 25 mm (1 in.) top sieve
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D4931 – 06 (2017).
DOI: 10.1520/D4931-23.
size and divided into analytical portions of at least 500 g each.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Determination of total gross moisture is calculated by summing
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
the results of the Drying Oven Method and the results of the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Preparation Procedure.
*A Summary of Changes section appear
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4931 − 06 (Reapproved 2017) D4931 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4931; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers both the preparation procedure for samples containing free water (air drying loss (ADL) on gross
moisture samples) and the determination of the gross moisture content of green petroleum coke.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided
for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminologies D121 and D4175.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 air drying, n—a process of partial drying of a green petroleum coke sample to bring it to near equilibrium with the
atmosphere in the room in which further reduction/division of the petroleum coke sample is to take place.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2017November 2023. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20112017
as D4931 – 06 (2011).(2017). DOI: 10.1520/D4931-06R17.10.1520/D4931-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4931 − 23
3.2.2 air dry loss, ADL, n—the loss in mass, expressed as a percentage, resulting from each air drying operation.
3.2.3 free water, n—visible unbound water in the sample.
3.2.4 green petroleum coke, n—same as raw petroleum coke.
3.2.5 gross moisture, n—that moisture determined as the loss in mass in an air atmosphere under rigidly controlled conditions of
temperature, time, and air flow.
3.2.5.1 Discussion—
Test Method D3302 prescribes the above controlled conditions.
3.2.6 petroleum coke, n—solid, carbonaceous residue produced by thermal decomposition of heavy petroleum fractions, or
cracked stocks, or both.
3.2.7 residual moisture, n—that moisture remaining in the sample after air drying.
3.2.8 total moisture, n—synonym for gross moisture.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method is based on the loss in mass of a green petroleum coke sample in an air atmosphere under controlled
conditions of temperature, time, and air flow.
4.1.1 Preparation Procedure shall be used when the petroleum coke sample contains free water. The gross moisture sample mass
is weigheddetermined and air dried to equilibrate it with the atmosphere. Determination of residual moisture is that determined
us
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