ASTM D7606-17

Standard Practice for Sampling of High Pressure Hydrogen and Related Fuel Cell Feed Gases

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Hydrogen is delivered to fuel cell powered automotive vehicles and stationary appliances at pressures up to 87.5 MPa. The quality of hydrogen delivered is a significant factor in maximizing fuel cell efficiency and life span. Contamination can occur during the production of fuel cell feed gases, contaminating storage containers, station tubing, and fuel lines used for fuel delivery. Collection of a representative fuel sample without the introduction of contaminants even as low as parts-per-billion (ppb) per contaminant during collection is crucial for assessing the quality of fuel in real world applications.  
5.2 This practice is intended for application to high pressure, high purity hydrogen; however, the apparatus design and sampling techniques may be applicable to collection of other fuel cell feed gases. Many of the techniques used in this practice can be applied to lower pressure/lower purity gas streams.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice describes a sampling procedure of high pressure hydrogen at fueling stations operating at 35 or 70 megapascals (MPa) using a hydrogen quality sampling apparatus (HQSA).  
1.2 This practice does not include the analysis of the acquired sample. Applicable ASTM standards include but are not limited to test methods referenced in Section 2 of this practice.  
1.3 This practice is not intended for sampling and measuring particulate matter in high pressure hydrogen. For procedures on sampling and measuring particulate matter see ASTM D7650 and D7651.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are standard. The values stated in inch-pounds are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2017
• ICS: 27.075 - Hydrogen technologies
• Technical Committee: D03 - Gaseous Fuels
• Drafting Committee: D03.14 - Hydrogen and Fuel Cells

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D7606-11 - Standard Practice for Sampling of High Pressure Hydrogen and Related Fuel Cell Feed Gases
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM D4150-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM D4150-08(2016) - Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2016
• Refers: ASTM D7650-10 - Standard Test Method for Test Method for Sampling of Particulate Matter in High Pressure Hydrogen used as a Gaseous Fuel with an In-Stream Filter
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Refers: ASTM D7651-10 - Standard Test Method for Gravimetric Measurement of Particulate Concentration of Hydrogen Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Refers: ASTM D4150-08 - Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2008
• Refers: ASTM D4150-03 - Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Refers: ASTM D4150-00 - Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D7676-18 - Standard Practice for Screening Organic Halides Contained in Hydrogen or Other Gaseous Fuels
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D7653-18 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Gaseous Contaminants in Hydrogen Fuel by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D7675-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Hydrocarbons in Hydrogen by FID-Based Total Hydrocarbon (THC) Analyzer
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D7892-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Organic Halides, Total Non-Methane Hydrocarbons, and Formaldehyde in Hydrogen Fuel by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D7941/D7941M-23 - Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Purity Analysis Using a Continuous Wave Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy Analyzer
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D8487-23 - Standard Specification for Natural Gas, Hydrogen Blends for Use as a Motor Vehicle Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017

Overview

ASTM D7606-17 is an international standard developed by ASTM International, focusing on the sampling of high-pressure hydrogen and related fuel cell feed gases. As hydrogen is increasingly used in fuel cell vehicles and stationary applications, the purity and quality of hydrogen fuel are critical to the safe and efficient operation of hydrogen-fueled technologies. Contaminants, even at parts-per-billion (ppb) levels, can significantly degrade fuel cell performance and lifespan. This standard outlines procedures for obtaining representative samples of high-pressure hydrogen at fueling stations, ensuring that these samples are collected without introducing additional contaminants.

Key Topics

• Sampling High-Pressure Hydrogen: The standard establishes protocols for sampling hydrogen delivered at pressures of 35 or 70 megapascals (MPa) at fueling stations. It uses a Hydrogen Quality Sampling Apparatus (HQSA) designed for high purity and minimized risk of sample contamination.
• Purity and Contamination Control: It emphasizes strict procedures to avoid introduction of contaminants during the sample collection process, which is essential for accurate assessment of hydrogen quality.
• Applicability Beyond Hydrogen: While primarily intended for high-pressure, high-purity hydrogen, the apparatus and techniques are also suitable for sampling other types of fuel cell feed gases and can be adapted for lower pressure and lower purity environments.
• Safety and Compliance: The practice addresses general safety, health, and environmental precautions due to the risks associated with handling and sampling compressed hydrogen at high pressure.
• Exclusions: The standard does not include analysis of the sampled gas or procedures for sampling particulate matter in hydrogen-separate ASTM standards address those areas.

Applications

ASTM D7606-17 is widely applicable in the hydrogen economy for:

• Fuel Cell Vehicle Infrastructure: Ensuring the quality of hydrogen dispensed at public and private hydrogen fueling stations for automotive applications.
• Stationary Power Generation: Sampling hydrogen used in stationary fuel cell installations to verify it meets critical purity requirements.
• Quality Assurance: Supporting routine quality control programs for hydrogen production, storage, and distribution networks by providing reliable sampling protocols.
• Regulatory Compliance and R&D: Assisting laboratories, research facilities, and regulatory bodies in collecting reliable samples for trace contaminant analysis and compliance with international fuel quality specifications.

Proper sampling using this standard ensures hydrogen quality, supports the longevity and efficiency of fuel cells, and builds confidence in the adoption of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier.

Related Standards

For a comprehensive hydrogen quality management system and effective implementation of ASTM D7606-17, consider these related standards:

• ASTM D4150: Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
• ASTM D7650: Test Method for Sampling Particulate Matter in High Pressure Hydrogen
• ASTM D7651: Test Method for Gravimetric Measurement of Particulate Concentration of Hydrogen Fuel
• SAE J2600 & SAE J2799: Standards for hydrogen fueling connection devices and vehicle-to-station communications
• SAE TIR J2719: Hydrogen Fuel Quality Guideline for Fuel Cell Vehicles
• ISO 14687-2: Hydrogen Fuel Product Specification for Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Applications
• ISO 26142: Hydrogen Detection Apparatus
• IEC 60079-29-2: Safety standards for detectors of flammable gases and oxygen

By aligning with relevant standards, organizations can ensure comprehensive coverage of hydrogen fuel quality, safety, and sampling best practices in support of fuel cell deployment and hydrogen infrastructure development.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7606 − 17
Standard Practice for
Sampling of High Pressure Hydrogen and Related Fuel Cell
Feed Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope High Pressure Hydrogen used as a Gaseous Fuel with an
In-Stream Filter
1.1 This standard practice describes a sampling procedure
D7651 Test Method for Gravimetric Measurement of Par-
of high pressure hydrogen at fueling stations operating at 35 or
ticulate Concentration of Hydrogen Fuel
70 megapascals (MPa) using a hydrogen quality sampling
2.2 SAE Standards
apparatus (HQSA).
SAE J2600 Compressed Hydrogen Surface Vehicle Fueling
1.2 This practice does not include the analysis of the
Connection Devices
acquired sample. Applicable ASTM standards include but are
SAE J2719 Hydrogen Fuel Quality for Fuel Cell Vehicles
not limited to test methods referenced in Section 2 of this
SAE J2799 Hydrogen Surface Vehicle to Station Communi-
practice.
cations Hardware and Software
1.3 This practice is not intended for sampling and measur-
3. Terminology
ing particulate matter in high pressure hydrogen. For proce-
dures on sampling and measuring particulate matter seeASTM
3.1 Definitions: See D4150 for definitions of terms for use
D7650 and D7651.
with gaseous fuels.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 The values stated in SI units are standard. The values
3.2.1 high pressure hydrogen—hydrogen pressurized be-
stated in inch-pounds are for information only.
tween 35 and 70 MPa.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2 hydrogen quality sampling apparatus (HQSA)—an
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
apparatus used to collect hydrogen from a 35 or 70 MPa
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
hydrogen fueling dispenser (SAE J2600 and SAE J2799) into
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
a sample container.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
4. Summary of Practice
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1 This practice describes an apparatus and procedure for
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
the sampling of high pressure hydrogen from fueling stations
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
conforming to SAE J2600 or SAE J2799. This practice is
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
intended as a guideline for ensuring collection of a represen-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
tative sample without introducing trace levels of contaminants.
Samples collected using this practice should be suitable for
2. Referenced Documents
2 trace analysis of contaminants, utilizing a variety of analytical
2.1 ASTM Standards:
techniques.
D4150 Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
D7650 Test Method for Sampling of Particulate Matter in
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Hydrogen is delivered to fuel cell powered automotive
vehicles and stationary appliances at pressures up to 87.5 MPa.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.14 on Hydrogen and The quality of hydrogen delivered is a significant factor in
Fuel Cells.
maximizing fuel cell efficiency and life span. Contamination
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally
can occur during the production of fuel cell feed gases,
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D7606–11. DOI:
contaminating storage containers, station tubing, and fuel lines
10.1520/D7606–17.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,
the ASTM website. PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7606 − 17
used for fuel delivery. Collection of a representative fuel 6.4.1 Station and HQSA Leak Test—The station leak test is
samplewithouttheintroductionofcontaminantsevenaslowas performed before sampling to ensure there are no leaks in the
parts-per-billion (ppb) per contaminant during collection is delivery system. While the main valve is closed, attach the
crucial for assessing the quality of fuel in real world applica- nozzle to the SAE J2799 receptacle (3, Fig. 1). Check for leaks
tions. around all of the connections from the nozzle to the main valve
as in 10.7 and the complete HQSA system as in 10.8 using a
5.2 This practice is intended for application to high
hand held hydrogen leak detector.
pressure, high purity hydrogen; however, the apparatus design
6.4.2 Prevention of High Pressure Hydrogen Passing
and sampling techniques may be applicable to collection of
through the Regulator—If the main valve (4, Fig. 1)isnot
other fuel cell feed gases. Many of the techniques used in this
installed and the station fueling starts, the diaphragm of the
practice can be applied to lower pressure/lower purity gas
regulator (5, Fig. 1) may fail due to rapid hydrogen pressur-
streams.
ization. In this case, pressure relief valve (PRV, 15, Fig. 1) will
6. Apparatus Design open to release hydrogen pressure above 10.3 MPa (1500 psi).
The main valve (4, Fig. 1) when closed, is designed to contain
6.1 Arecommended general design of the HQSA, shown in
high pressure hydrogen when sampling starts. The main valve
Fig. 1, is a depiction of the apparatus with the nozzle hydrogen
is slowly turned to the open position and the hydrogen is
pressure regulated to approximately 6.9 MPa (1000 psi) before
regulated to 6.9 MPa (1000 psi).
sampling. The lowest pressure tolerated by hydrogen station
safety shutoff systems while still providing a sample that
6.5 Regulator (5, Fig. 1) and all connections from the SAE
analytical laboratories can safely handle routinely is 6.9 MPa
J2799 Receptacle to Regulator—Alltheconnections(including
(1000 psi). All HQSA parts, including the ventilation hoses,
tubing, tube fittings, adapter fittings and unions) from the
should be made of 316 grade stainless steel (SS).
receptacle to regulator must have a pressure rating of 103 MPa
(15,000 psi) or higher. The regulator should have two gauges
6.2 HQSA Metal Support Plate (1, Fig. 1)—The HQSA
(5.1 and 5.2, Fig. 1) to monitor both inlet and outlet pressures.
metal support plate is utilized to mitigate damage during
transportation and support the apparatus. The HQSA is firmly
6.6 Inlet and Outlet Valves (6 and 12, Fig. 1, respectively)—
fixed to a metal support plate by tube supports (2, Fig. 1.).
The valves should be easily opened and closed, such as ball
valves. The HQSA and sample container are cleaned by
6.3 SAE J2799 Receptacle (3, Fig. 1)—This receptacle can
allowing hydrogen to pass through the HQSA and sample
adapt to both 35 and 70 MPa nozzles. For safety reasons, the
container (10.9) using these valves.
receptacle should be positioned vertically so that the nozzle
attaches to the receptacle from the top. To support the weight
6.7 Sample Containers (9, Fig. 1)—The pressure rating of
of the nozzle, additional support (3.1, Fig. 1), is fixed to the
the sample containers must exceed the set point on the PRV
metal support plate is recommended (1, Fig. 1).
(15, Fig. 1). The maximum pressure rating for sample contain-
6.4 Main Valve (4, Fig. 1)—The functions of the main valve ers before bursting is 12.4 MPa (1800 psi). The sample
are explained as follows: containers and both inlet and outlet valves (8 and 10, Fig. 1,
FIG. 1 Hydrogen Quality Sampling Apparatus
D7606 − 17
respectively) are internally coated with silicon (Si) since sulfur 7.3 HQSA Transportation Container—A hard-sided metal
gas analysis in the low ppb range is required under SAE J2719. or plastic case is recommended to hold the HQSA and
To avoid air contamination during sampling, both inlet and ventilation hose before and after sampling
outlet valves of the sample containers can be equipped with
7.4 Ventilation Assembly Container—A hard-sided metal or
quick connects.These two quick-connections (7 and 11, Fig. 1)
plastic case is recommended to hold the vent stack before and
and the inlet and outlet valves provide a double seal on both
after sampling.
ends of the sample container.
6.8 Bypass Valve (14, Fig. 1)—The ball valve is closed 8. Hazards
before and during sampling. After sample collection, the
8.1 High Pressure Hydrogen—The hydrogen can be pres-
bypass valve is opened, before the sample container is
surized as high as 87.5 MPa and is both an explosion and fire
removed, to release the hydrogen pressure in the HQSA
hazard.
through the check valve (16, Fig. 1).
8.2 The total mass of hydrogen passing through the HQSA
6.9 Pressure Release Valve (PRV, 15, Fig. 1)—The PRV is
during a sampling event is approximately 1 kilogram (kg).
set at 10.3 MPa (1500 psi) to protect the sample container.
Smoking, camera flashes, or mobile phone usage is unsafe
within 7.6 m (25 ft) of either the ventilation assembly (6.11)or
6.10 Check Valve (6, Fig. 1)—The check valve must be able
hydrogen fueling station itself. Additional safety precautions
to withstand a cracking pressure of 69 kilopascal (kPa; 10 psi)
must be taken as necessary to prevent fire, explosion, or both.
andisinstalledattheventoftheHQSA(Fig.1)topreventback
diffusion of air into the HQSA.
8.3 Static Charges—During gaseous sampling, the hydro-
gen flow rate may generate a static charge on the HQSA
6.11 Ventilation Assembly (17, Fig. 1)—Hydrogen must be
components. The static charge is removed by grounding the
vented at a safe distance from personnel and equipment. A
HQSA with a wire to the hydrogen fueling station or other
design that has been successfully implemented uses at least a 3
available grounding wire(s). Static charge must also be re-
meter (m; 10 foot (ft) long SS braided hose connected to a
moved from the operator’s body during all sampling proce-
vertical, retractable 2.4 m (8 ft) by 1.27 centimeter (cm; ⁄2 in.)
dures.
outside diameter (OD) SS vent stack. During sampling, the
hydrogen fuel flows through the HQSA, check valve (16, Fig.
9. HQSA Cleaning
1), 3 m long SS braided hose (17, Fig. 1) and vent stack (17.2,
Fig.1),beforeventingtoatmosphereatapproximately2.4m(8
9.1 Do not clean the HQSAwith water, iso-propanol or any
ft) above the ground. Ensure that venting is performed in
other solvent.
accordance with applicable national, regional, and local laws
9.2 The HQSA must be cleaned by purging during sam-
and regulations.
pling. This is done by flowing 1 kg hydrogen fuel through the
6.12 Safety Ground—The HQSA must be electrically
HQSA afte
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7606 − 11 D7606 − 17
Standard Practice for
Sampling of High Pressure Hydrogen and Related Fuel Cell
Feed Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard practice describes a hydrogen quality sampling apparatus (HQSA) and a procedure for the sampling sampling
procedure of high pressure hydrogen at fueling nozzles of stations operating at 35 or 70 Mega Pascal (MPa) fueling
stations.megapascals (MPa) using a hydrogen quality sampling apparatus (HQSA).
1.2 This practice does not include the analysis of the acquired sample. Applicable ASTM standards include but are not limited
to test methods referenced in Section 2 of this practice.
1.3 This practice is not intended for sampling and measuring particulate matter in high pressure hydrogen. For procedures on
sampling and measuring particulate matter see ASTM D7650 and D7651.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are standard. The values stated in inch-pounds are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4150 Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
D7650 Test Method for Sampling of Particulate Matter in High Pressure Hydrogen used as a Gaseous Fuel with an In-Stream
Filter
D7651 Test Method for Gravimetric Measurement of Particulate Concentration of Hydrogen Fuel
2.2 SAE Standards
SAE J2600 Compressed Hydrogen Surface Vehicle RefuelingFueling Connection Devices
SAE J2799 70 MPa Compressed Hydrogen Surface Vehicle Fuelling Connection Device and Optional Vehicle to Station
Communications
SAE TIR J2719 Information Report of the Development of a Hydrogen Quality Guideline Hydrogen Fuel Quality for Fuel Cell
Vehicles
SAE J2799 Hydrogen Surface Vehicle to Station Communications Hardware and Software
2.3 California Code of Regulations:
California Code of Regulations Title 4, Division 9, Chapter 6, Article 8, Sections 4180 – 4181
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions: See D4150 for definitions of terms for use with gaseous fuels.
3.2 Definitions:Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.14 on Hydrogen and Fuel Cells.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011Nov. 1, 2017. Published April 2011December 2017. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as
D7606–11. DOI: 10.1520/D7606–11.10.1520/D7606–17.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7606 − 17
3.1.1 absolute pressure—Pressure measured with reference to absolute zero pressure, usually expressed in MPa, mm Hg, or
pound per square inch (psi).
3.2.1 contaminant—high pressure hydrogen—impurity that adversely affects the components within fuel cell or hydrogen
storage systemshydrogen pressurized between 35 and 70 MPa.
3.1.3 gauge pressure—Pressure measured above ambient atmospheric pressure. Zero gauge pressure is equal to ambient
atmospheric (barometric) pressure.
3.1.4 gaseous fuel—Material to be tested, as sampled, without change of composition by drying or otherwise.
3.2.2 hydrogen quality sampling apparatus (HQSA)—an apparatus used to collect hydrogen from a 35 or 70 MPa hydrogen
fueling nozzledispenser (SAE J2600 and SAE J2799) into a sample container.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 high pressure hydrogen—For the purposes of this practice, high pressure hydrogen is hydrogen defined as hydrogen
pressurized to 35 or 70MPa.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 This practice describes an apparatus and procedure for the sampling of high pressure hydrogen from fueling nozzlesstations
conforming to SAE J2600 or SAE J2799. This practice is intended as a guideline for ensuring collection of a representative sample
without introducing trace levels of contaminants. Samples collected using this practice should be suitable for trace analysis of
contaminants, utilizing a variety of analytical techniques.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Hydrogen is delivered to fuel cell powered automotive vehicles and stationary appliances at pressures up to 87.5 MPa. The
quality of hydrogen delivered is a significant factor in maximizing fuel cell efficiency and life span. Contamination can ariseoccur
during the production of fuel cell feed gases, contaminating storage containers, station tubing, and fuel lines up to the nozzle used
for fuel delivery. Collection of a representative fuel sample without the introduction of contaminationcontaminants even as low
as parts-per-billion (ppb) per contaminant during collection is crucial for assessing the quality of fuel in real world applications.
5.2 This practice is intended for application to high pressure, high purity hydrogen; however, the apparatus design and sampling
techniques may be applicable to collection of other fuel cell supplyfeed gases. Many of the techniques used in this practice can
be applied to lower pressure/lower purity gas streams.
6. Apparatus Design
6.1 The A recommended general design of the HQSA is HQSA, shown in Fig. 1, which is a depiction of the apparatus with the
nozzle hydrogen pressure regulated to approximateapproximately 6.9 MPa (1000 psi) before sampling. The pressure of 6.9 MPa
(1000 psi) is selected as an example since it is, generally, the lowest pressure tolerated by hydrogen station safety shutoff systems
FIG. 1 Hydrogen Quality Sampling Apparatus
D7606 − 17
while still providing a sample that analytical laboratories can safely handle routinely. routinely is 6.9 MPa (1000 psi). All HQSA
parts, including the ventilation tubes, are hoses, should be made of 316 grade stainless steel (SS).
6.2 HQSA Metal Support Plate ( 1, (1, Fig. 1)—The HQSA metal support plate is utilized to mitigate damage during
transportation and support the apparatus. The HQSA is firmly fixed to a metal support plate by tube supports (2, Fig. 1.).
6.3 Movable Adjustable Platform—Before sampling, the metal plate holding the HQSA is firmly clamped onto a height
adjustable and movable platform, such as a heavy duty cart with a hydraulic adjustable horizontal platform and brakes on its
wheels. The cart is moved to a position close to the fueling station and the height of platform is adjusted so that the fueling nozzle
attaches easily to the receptacle of HQSA. The platform height is adjusted to provide a safe and comfortable work space. The cart
is then locked into place using the cart wheel brakes.
6.3 SAE J2799 Receptacle (3, Fig. 1)—SAE J2799 Receptacle (3, Fig. 1) – This receptacle can adapt to both 35 and 70MPa
hydrogen fueling 70 MPa nozzles. For safety reason,reasons, the receptacle mustshould be positioned vertically so that the fueling
nozzle attaches to the receptacle from the top. To support the weight of the fueling nozzle, the receptacle must have an nozzle,
additional support (3.1, Fig. 1), which is fixed to the metal support plate is recommended (1, Fig. 1).
6.4 Main Valve (4, Fig. 1)—The functions of the main valve are explained as follows:
6.4.1 Station and HQSA leak test—Leak Test—The station leak test is performed before hydrogen fuel sampling to ensure there
are no leaks in the hydrogen fuel delivery system. For sampling the station personnel must attach the fueling While the main valve
is closed, attach the nozzle to the SAE J2799 receptacle (3, Fig. 1) first while the main valve is closed. The station leak test
procedure is then initiated. A hand held hydrogen leak detector is used to check ). Check for leaks around all of the connections
from the nozzle to the main valve as in 10.7. There is residual high pressure hydrogen left in the station hose when the station is
not fueling. The residual high pressure hydrogen can be used for checking the leakage in the complete HQSA system, including
the sample container, as shown and the complete HQSA system as in 10.8. using a hand held hydrogen leak detector.
6.4.2 Prevention of High Pressure Hydrogen Passing through the Regulator—If the main valve (4, Fig. 1) is not installed and
the station fueling starts, the diaphragm of the regulator (5, Fig. 1) may fail due to rapid hydrogen pressurization. In this case,
pressure relief valve (PRV)(PRV, 15, (Fig. 1) will open to release hydrogen pressure above 10.3 MPa (1500 psi). The main valve
(4, Fig. 1) when closed, is designed to contain high pressure hydrogen when the station sampling starts. The main valve is slowly
turned to the open position and the high pressure hydrogen is regulated to 6.9 MPa (1000 psi).
6.5 Regulator 5 ((5, Fig. 1) and all connections from the SAE J2799 Receptacle to Regulator—The regulator and all the
connections, including tubing, tubingAll the connections (including tubing, tube fittings, adapter fittings and unionsunions) from
the SAE J2799 receptacle to the main valve and main valve to receptacle to regulator must have a pressure rating of 103 MpaMPa
(15,000 psi) or higher. The regulator should have two gauges, 5.1 and 5.2 in gauges (5.1 and 5.2, Fig. 1,) to monitor both inlet
and outlet pressures.
6.6 Inlet and Outlet Valves (6 and 12, Fig. 1, respectively)—The valves should be easily opened and closed, such as ball valves.
The HQSA and sample container are cleaned by pressurizing and, releasing hydrogen fromallowing hydrogen to pass through the
HQSA and sample container ((10.9)10.11) using these valves. This cleaning procedure can be repeated many times (10.11) but
must be performed at least 10 times to ensure a valid sample under most sampling conditions.
6.7 Sample Containers—Containers (9, Fig. 1)—The pressure rating of the sample containers must exceed the set point on the
PRV (15, Fig. 1). The maximum pressure rating for sample containers before bursting is 12.4 MPa (1800 psi). The sample
containers and both inlet and outlet valves (8 and 10, Fig. 1, respectively) are internally coated with silicon (Si) since sulfur gas
analysis to in the low ppb range is required under SAE TIR J2719 and other hydrogen fuel quality specifications. J2719. To avoid
air contamination during sampling, both inlet and outlet valves of the sample containers are can be equipped with quick connects
– one end of the container has a quick-connect stem and the other end a quick-connect body. connects. These two
quick-connections (7 and 11, Fig. 1) and the inlet and outlet valves provide a double seal on both ends of the sample container.
6.8 HQSA Pressure Release Bypass Valve (14, Fig. 1)—The ball valve is always closed before and during sampling. After
sample collection, the pressure release bypass valve is opened, before removal of the pressurized and sealed sample container the
sample container is removed, to release the hydrogen pressure in the HQSA through athe check valve (16, Fig. 1). Hydrogen at
6.9 MPa (1000 psi) contained inside the HQSA must be released before next sample container can be safely connected to the inlet
quick-connection (7, Fig. 1).
6.9 ProportionalPressure Release Valve (PRV, 15, Fig. 1)—The PRV is set at 10.3MPa 10.3 MPa (1500 psi) to protect the 12.4
MPa (1800 psi) pressure proof sample container.
6.10 Check Valve—Valve (6, Fig. 1)—The check valve (16,must Fig. 1) with 69 Kilo Pascal (KPa) (10 psi) crack pressure be
able to withstand a cracking pressure of 69 kilopascal (kPa; 10 psi) and is installed at the vent of the HQSA (Fig. 1) to prevent
air from back diffusion of air into the HQSA.
6.11 Ventilation Assembly (17, Fig. 1)—The ventilation assembly contains a 3 meter (m) (10 ft) Hydrogen must be vented at
a safe distance from personnel and equipment. A design that has been successfully implemented uses at least a 3 meter (m; 10 foot
(ft) long SS braided tubing interfacedhose connected to a dual vertical, retractable 2.4 m (8 ft) longby 1.27 cm (centimeter (cm;
D7606 − 17
⁄2 in.) Outside Diameter (OD) SS tubing which is kept vertical to the ground. outside diameter (OD) SS vent stack. During
sampling, the hydrogen fuel flows through the HQSA, then the check valve (16, Fig. 1), through the a 3 m long SS braided tubing
(17.1,hose (17, Fig. 1) and dual 2.4 m long 1.27 cm (vent stack ⁄2 in.) OD SS tubing (17.2, Fig. 1), before venting to atmosphere
at approximately 2.4 m (8 ft) above ground.the ground. Ensure that venting is performed in accordance with applicable national,
regional, and local laws and regulations.
6.12 Safety Ground—The HQSA must be electrically grounded. A permanent attachment to the HQSA is recommended. A 10
gauge braided copper wire 3 m long, with a grounding strap or clamp that attaches to the station ground has been successfully
utilized.
6.13 Movable Adjustable Platform—(Optional)—Before sampling, the metal plate holding the HQSA can be firmly braced onto
a height adjustable and movable platform, such as a heavy duty cart with a hydraulic adjustable horizontal platform
...