ASTM D4843-88(2004)e1

Standard Test Method for Wetting and Drying Test of Solid Wastes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for the evaluation of the wetting and drying resistance of monolithic, solid, solidified/stabilized wastes under the testing conditions of this test method.
This test method may be used for the comparison of wetting and drying resistance of wastes.
Data tabulated in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 may be used to observe irregularities caused by inhomogeneity of specimens and/or comparison of mass loss-cycle relations of different wastes, as well as to measure method-related mass losses such as matrix dissolution.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining material losses produced by repeated wetting and drying of solid waste specimens. It also covers the visual observation of the disintegration of solid specimens.
1.2 This test method intends that the material used in the procedure be physically, chemically, and biologically representative; hence it does not address problems as a result of the inhomogeneity of specimens.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2004
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.01.06 - Analytical Methods

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4843-88(2004) - Standard Test Method for Wetting and Drying Test of Solid Wastes
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM D4843-88(2009) - Standard Test Method for Wetting and Drying Test of Solid Wastes
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2009
• Referred By: ASTM E2060-22 - Standard Guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products for Solidification/Stabilization of Inorganic Wastes
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
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Designation:D4843–88(Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
Wetting and Drying Test of Solid Wastes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4843; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Editorial changes were made in June 2004.
1. Scope 3.3 Data tabulated in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 may be
used to observe irregularities caused by inhomogeneity of
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining
specimens and/or comparison of mass loss-cycle relations of
material losses produced by repeated wetting and drying of
different wastes, as well as to measure method-related mass
solid waste specimens. It also covers the visual observation of
losses such as matrix dissolution.
the disintegration of solid specimens.
1.2 This test method intends that the material used in the
4. Apparatus
procedurebephysically,chemically,andbiologicallyrepresen-
4.1 Disposable Molds, 44 mm inside diameter by 74 mm in
tative; hence it does not address problems as a result of the
length.
inhomogeneity of specimens.
4.2 Balance or Scale, with a capacity at least 50% greater
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
than the mass of the specimen and beaker, and a sensitivity of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
0.01 g.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.3 Drying Oven, a thermostatically controlled drying oven
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
capable of maintaining a temperature of 60 6 2°C; to be used
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
for drying moisture specimen and for the solids content
2. Referenced Documents determination.
4.4 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 60 6
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3°C; at a nitrogen purge rate specified in 4.5.
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
4.5 Flow Controller, to set nitrogen purge flow at a rate that
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
will give 30 6 5 min residence time.
D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Wa-
4.6 MoistureChamber,asuitablycoveredcontainercapable
ter (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
of maintaining a temperature of 20 6 3°C and minimum 95%
3. Significance and Use
relative humidity, for preconditioning specimens.
4.7 Beakers,400-mLsize(narrowtype),tostoresampleand
3.1 This test method is intended for the evaluation of the
to collect particulates.
wetting and drying resistance of monolithic, solid, solidified/
4.8 Tongs, to handle samples.
stabilized wastes under the testing conditions of this test
method.
5. Sample Preparation
3.2 This test method may be used for the comparison of
5.1 Specimen Size—44 mm diameter by 74 mm in length.
wetting and drying resistance of wastes.
5.1.1 Specimens may be cut to size from larger samples.
5.1.2 Specimens can also be molded in disposable plastic
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D34 on Waste
molds. When molding specimens refer to Practice C305 (see
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.06 on
2.1).
Analytical Methods.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2004. Published March 2004. Originally
NOTE 1—PracticeC305referstopastesandmortars.Moldingmaterials
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D4843–88 (1999).
with different consistency may require modifications and may result in
DOI: 10.1520/D4843-88R04E01.
different precision.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2 Conditionsamplesthatarenotmoldedforthistestinthe
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
moisture chamber for a period of seven days.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4843–88 (2004)
5.2.1 Samples molded for this test have to be cured in the 6.5.1 Use watch glass or plastic wrap.
moisture chamber for a period of 28 days.
6.5.2 The tare mass of beaker shall be determined after
drying in accordance with Test Method D2216.
6. Procedure
6.6 Placethethreebeakerscontainingthetestingspecimens
6.1 Selectonespecimenformoisturecontentdetermination.
in an oven. Maintain the temperature at 60 6 3°C for 24 h
6.2 DeterminemoisturecontentofsamplewithTestMethod
whilepurgingtheovenwithnitrogengasatthecontrolledflow
D2216 but revised to use a temperature of 60 6 3°C (see
rate corresponding to 30 6 5 min residence time.
section 2.2).
6.6.1 In order to remove moisture from the nitrogen stream,
6.3 Select three specimens for testing and three for control
a water-cooled condenser and condensate collection flask may
and mark them respectively.
be used downstream from the oven.
6.4 Weigh specimens (accuracy to 0.01 g).
6.5 Place each specimen into a beaker of known tare mass 6.7 Storethethreebeakerswiththecontrolspecimensinthe
(accuracy to 0.01 g) and cover it. moisture chamber at 20°C for 24 h.
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D4843–88 (2004)
It is assumed that the moisture contents of specimens are
identical. Oven dry masses of sample and control specimens
are calculated on that basis.
7.2 Calculate corrected mass loss of specimens after each
cycle. Express mass loss in percent of initial calculated
oven-dry mass. Calculate average cumulated corrected m
...