ASTM E2027-09
(Practice)Standard Practice for Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
Standard Practice for Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice sets the basic requirements for proficiency test programs in the chemical analysis of metals, ores, and related materials. It does not set specific procedural requirements, but does establish a framework for particular programs, including those with either small or large numbers of participants. (Warning—The data from proficiency testing programs must never be used to assign certification values to the materials used in the program. The elements of a properly conceived and implemented certification program are described in detail in Guide E1724.)
Most accreditation bodies require that laboratories participate regularly in proficiency testing programs that they have accepted for the purpose. Therefore, it is essential that each program comply with accepted principles including technical requirements, statistical procedures (see Annex A1), and quality management (see Annex A2).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides direction for organizing and conducting proficiency test programs in analytical chemistry for metals, ores, and related materials. It is consistent with ISO Guide 43 and Guide E1301. It does not address the selection and use of proficiency testing schemes by accrediting bodies.
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Designation: E2027 −09
Standard Practice for
Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of
1
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2027; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For formal definitions related to laboratory
1.1 This practice provides direction for organizing and
accreditation, Terminology E1187 applies.
conducting proficiency test programs in analytical chemistry
for metals, ores, and related materials. It is consistent with
3.2 For other definitions of terms used in the practice, refer
ISO Guide 43 and Guide E1301. It does not address the
to Terminology E135.
selection and use of proficiency testing schemes by accrediting
4. Significance and Use
bodies.
4.1 This practice sets the basic requirements for proficiency
test programs in the chemical analysis of metals, ores, and
2. Referenced Documents
related materials. It does not set specific procedural
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
requirements, but does establish a framework for particular
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
programs, including those with either small or large numbers
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
of participants. (Warning—The data from proficiency testing
E826 Practice for Testing Homogeneity of a Metal Lot or
programs must never be used to assign certification values to
Batch in Solid Form by Spark Atomic Emission Spec-
the materials used in the program. The elements of a properly
trometry
conceived and implemented certification program are de-
E1187 Terminology Relating to Conformity Assessment
scribed in detail in Guide E1724.)
3
(Withdrawn 2006)
4.2 Most accreditation bodies require that laboratories par-
E1301 Guide for Proficiency Testing by Interlaboratory
3
ticipateregularlyinproficiencytestingprogramsthattheyhave
Comparisons (Withdrawn 2012)
accepted for the purpose. Therefore, it is essential that each
E1724 GuideforTestingandCertificationofMetal,Ore,and
3
program comply with accepted principles including technical
Metal-Related Reference Materials (Withdrawn 2010)
requirements, statistical procedures (see AnnexA1), and qual-
4
2.2 ISO Standards:
ity management (see Annex A2).
ISO 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of
5. Types of Proficiency Testing
Calibration and Testing Laboratories
ISO Guide 43 Proficiency Testing by Interlaboratory Com-
5.1 Proficiency testing techniques vary depending on the
parisons
nature of the test item, the method in use and the number of
ISO Guide 9000 Quality Management and Quality System
laboratories participating. The most common approach in-
Elements
volves randomly selected sub-samples from a source of mate-
rial being distributed simultaneously to participating testing
laboratories for concurrent testing. It is essential that all of the
1
material from which the participants’ test materials are taken
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical
Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
be sufficiently homogeneous so that any results later identified
Subcommittee E01.22 on Laboratory Quality.
as outliers should not be attributed to any significant test item
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally
variability. After completion of the testing, the results are
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E2027 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/E2027-09. returned to the coordinating body, and compared with the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
assigned value(s) or to the mean and standard deviations
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
obtained from a statistical analysis of the data to give an
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
indicationoftheperformanceoftheindividuallaboratoriesand
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the group as a whole.
www.astm.org.
4
5.2 In some cases, separate portions of previously certified
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. reference materials are circulated.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E2027 − 09
6. Organization and Design 6.2.2 The operation of specific interlaboratory comparisons
requirestheguidanceofpersonswithdeta
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2027–05 Designation: E2027 – 09
Standard Practice for
Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of
1
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2027; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice provides direction for organizing and conducting proficiency test programs in analytical chemistry for metals,
ores,andrelatedmaterials.ItisconsistentwithISO/IECGuide43ISO Guide 43andGuideE1301.Itdoesnotaddresstheselection
and use of proficiency testing schemes by accrediting bodies.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E826 Practice for Testing Homogeneity of a Metal Lot or Batch in Solid Form by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
E1187 Terminology Relating to Conformity Assessment
E1301 Guide for Proficiency Testing by Interlaboratory Comparisons
E1724 Guide for Testing and Certification of Metal, Ore, and Metal-Related Reference Materials
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Calibration and Testing Laboratories
ISO Guide 43 Proficiency Testing by Interlaboratory Comparisons
ISO Guide 9000 Quality Management and Quality System Elements
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For formal definitions related to laboratory accreditation, Terminology E1187 applies.
3.2 For other definitions of terms used in the practice, refer to Terminology E135.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice sets the basic requirements for proficiency test programs in the chemical analysis of metals, ores, and related
materials. It does not set specific procedural requirements, but does establish a framework for particular programs, including those
witheithersmallorlargenumbersofparticipants.4.1.1WARNING:(Warning—Thedatafromproficiencytestingprogramsmust
never be used to assign certification values to the materials used in the program. The elements of a properly conceived and
implemented certification program are described in detail in Guide E1724. .)
4.2 Most accreditation bodies require that laboratories participate regularly in proficiency testing programs that they have
accepted for the purpose. Therefore, it is essential that each program comply with accepted principles including technical
requirements, statistical procedures (see Annex A1), and quality management (see Annex A2).
5. Types of Proficiency Testing
5.1 Proficiency testing techniques vary depending on the nature of the test item, the method in use and the number of
laboratories participating. The most common approach involves randomly selected sub-samples from a source of material being
distributed simultaneously to participating testing laboratories for concurrent testing. It is essential that all of the material from
which the participants’ test materials are taken be sufficiently homogeneous so that any results later identified as outliers should
not be attributed to any significant test item variability.After completion of the testing, the results are returned to the coordinating
body, and compared with the assigned value(s) or to the mean and standard deviations obtained from a statistical analysis of the
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry offor Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.22 on Laboratory Quality.
Current edition approved MayNov. 1, 2005.2009. Published July 2005.December 2009. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 19992005 as
E2027–99.E2027 – 05. DOI: 10.1520/E2027-059.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2027 – 09
data to give an indication of the performance of the individual laboratories and the group as a whole.
5.2 In some cases, sep
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