ASTM D2111-10

Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity and Density of Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The density or specific gravity of a pure chlorinated solvent at a given temperature is constant. Density or specific gravity can be used in identification of materials, the assay of binary mixtures, and as an indication of purity of a given solvent.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the specific gravity of halogenated organic solvents and solvent admixtures. They define suitable apparatus and procedures and furnish details underlying the interpretation of test data and the selection of numerical limits for agreement among interested persons and agencies.
1.2 Three methods are covered as follows:
1.2.1 Method A,  specific gravity by means of a hydrometer.
1.2.2 Method B,  specific gravity and density by means of a pycnometer.
Note 1—In referee problems, Method B may be used.  
1.2.3 Method C,  specific gravity and density by means of an electronic densitometer.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2010
• ICS: 71.080.20 - Halogenated hydrocarbons
• Technical Committee: D26 - Halogenated Organic Solvents and Fire Extinguishing Agents
• Drafting Committee: D26.04 - Test Methods

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2111-02(2007) - Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity and Density of Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM D2111-10(2015) - Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity and Density of Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D5396-04(2020) - Standard Specification for Reclaimed Perchloroethylene
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D4376-15(2020) - Standard Specification for Vapor-Degreasing Grade Perchloroethylene
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D4701-00(2020) - Standard Specification for Technical Grade Methylene Chloride
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D6368-06(2023) - Standard Specification for Vapor-Degreasing Solvents Based on <emph type="bdit">normal</emph >-Propyl Bromide and Technical Grade <emph type="bdit">normal</emph >-Propyl Bromide
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5395-03(2023) - Standard Specification for Reclaimed Methylene Chloride
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D4079-00(2022) - Standard Specification for Vapor-Degreasing Grade Methylene Chloride
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5616-04(2022) - Standard Specification for Reclaimed Trichloroethylene
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D4081-16(2023) - Standard Specification for Drycleaning-Grade Perchloroethylene
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D4080-15(2020) - Standard Specification for Trichloroethylene, Technical and Vapor-Degreasing Grade
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5960-03(2023) - Standard Specification for Technical Grade Ethylene Dichloride
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5248-04(2020) - Standard Specification for Reclaimed 1,1,2-Trichloro 1,2,2-Trifluoroethane
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D2172/D2172M-17e1 - Standard Test Methods for Quantitative Extraction of Asphalt Binder from Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2111 −10
StandardTest Methods for
Specific Gravity and Density of Halogenated Organic
1
Solvents and Their Admixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2111; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
specific gravity of halogenated organic solvents and solvent 3.1.1 specific gravity—theratioofthemassinairofagiven
admixtures.Theydefinesuitableapparatusandproceduresand
volumeofthematerialatastatedtemperaturetothemassinair
furnishdetailsunderlyingtheinterpretationoftestdataandthe of an equal volume of distilled water at a stated temperature.
selection of numerical limits for agreement among interested
3.1.1.1 Discussion—When the temperature of the material
persons and agencies.
and of the water are the same, the specific gravity of the
material is expressed as follows:
1.2 Three methods are covered as follows:
Specificgravity x/x°C, example25/25°C (1)
1.2.1 Method A, specific gravity by means of a hydrometer.
1.2.2 Method B, specific gravity and density by means of a
When the temperature of the material and of the water
pycnometer.
are not the same, the specific gravity of the material is
expressed as follows:
NOTE 1—In referee problems, Method B may be used.
Specificgravity x/y°C, example20/4°C (2)
1.2.3 MethodC,specificgravityanddensitybymeansofan
electronic densitometer.
Note that when the density of water is expressed as
4°C, the specific gravity at the stated temperature is the
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
same as density at the stated temperature. For example,
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
SG 20/4°C = density at 20°C.
standard.
When using an electronic densitometer to determine
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specific gravity, the temperature of the material to be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tested and the water reference will be the same. Examples
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
25/25°C, 20/20°C.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.2 density—themassofagivenmaterialperunitvolume.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Density for chlorinated solvents is nor-
mally stated in grams per cubic centimetre. Pounds per gallon
2. Referenced Documents
is also commonly used.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E100Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
4. Significance and Use
E2251Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids 4.1 The density or specific gravity of a pure chlorinated
solvent at a given temperature is constant. Density or specific
gravity can be used in identification of materials, the assay of
binary mixtures, and as an indication of purity of a given
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D26 on
solvent.
Halogenated Organic Solvents and Fire Extinguishing Agents and are the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee D26.04 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2010. Published February 2010. Originally
5. Test Temperatures
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D2111–02(2007).
DOI: 10.1520/D2111-10.
5.1 ASTM specifications normally state the temperatures
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
forspecificgravityofhalogenatedorganicsolventsat25/25°C.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
20/20°Cand15.56/15.56°Careothercommonlyusedtempera-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tures.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D2111−10
METHOD A—SPECIFIC GRAVITY BY MEANS cuttingthehydrometerscale.Determinethetemperatureofthe
OF A HYDROMETER sample just before and also, for referee tests, just after reading
the hydrometer.
6. Apparatus
METHOD B—SPECIFIC GRAVITY OR DENSITY BY
6.1 Hydrometer—Thehydrometerstobeusedshallbethose
MEANS OF A PYCNOMETER
specified in Specification E100, as follows:
Nominal Specific Gravity Range ASTM Hydrometer No. 8. Apparatus
0.900 to 0.950 107H
8.1 Pycnometer, 25-mL capacity with a ground-glass stop-
0.950 to 1.000 108H
1.000 to 1.050 125H
per having a capillary opening, a chamber to provide for
1.050 to 1.100 126H
expansion up to room temperatur
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2111–02(Reapproved2007) Designation: D2111 – 10
Standard Test Methods for
Specific Gravity and Density of Halogenated Organic
1
Solvents and Their Admixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2111; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the specific gravity of halogenated organic solvents and solvent admixtures.
They define suitable apparatus and procedures and furnish details underlying the interpretation of test data and the selection of
numerical limits for agreement among interested persons and agencies.
1.2 Three methods are covered as follows:
1.2.1 Method A, specific gravity by means of a hydrometer.
1.2.2 Method B, specific gravity and density by means of a pycnometer.
NOTE 1—In referee problems, Method B may be used.
1.2.3 Method C, specific gravity and density by means of an electronic densitometer.
1.3
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers ASTM Standards:
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 specific gravity—the ratio of the mass in air of a given volume of the material at a stated temperature to the mass in air
of an equal volume of distilled water at a stated temperature.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—When the temperature of the material and of the water are the same, the specific gravity of the material
is expressed as follows:
(1) Specificgravity x/x°C,example25/25°C
When the temperature of the material and of the water are not the same, the specific gravity of the material is expressed as follows:
Notethatwhenthedensityofwaterisexpressedas4°C,thespecificgravityatthestatedtemperatureisthesameasdensityatthestatedtemperature.
For example, SG 20/4°C = density at 20°C.
When using an electronic densitometer to determine specific gravity, the temperature of the material to be tested and the water reference will be
the same. Examples 25/25°C, 20/20°C.
3.1.2 density—the mass of a given material per unit volume.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Densityforchlorinatedsolventsisnormallystatedingramspercubiccentimetre.Poundspergallonisalso
commonly used.
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD26onHalogenatedOrganicSolventsandFireExtinguishingAgentsandarethedirectresponsibility
of Subcommittee D26.04 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2007.2010. Published February 2007.2010. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 as
D2111–02(2007). DOI: 10.1520/D2111-02R07.10.1520/D2111-10.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2111–10
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The density or specific gravity of a pure chlorinated solvent at a given temperature is constant. Density or specific gravity
can be used in identification of materials, the assay of binary mixtures, and as an indication of purity of a given solvent.
5. Test Temperatures
5.1 ASTM specifications normally state the temperatures for specific gravity of halogenated organic solvents at 25/25°C.
20/20°C and 60/60°F15.56/15.56°C are other commonly used temperatures.
METHOD A—SPECIFIC GRAVITY BY MEANS
OFA HYDROMETER
6. Apparatus
6.1 Hydrometer—The hydrometers to be used shall be those specified in Specification E100, as follows:
Nominal Specific Gravity Range ASTM Hydrometer No.
0.900 to 0.950 107H
0.950 to 1
...