ASTM E2558-07e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Fires in Low Mass Wood-Burning Fireplaces
Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Fires in Low Mass Wood-Burning Fireplaces
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used for determining emission factors and emission rates for low mass wood-burning fireplaces.
5.1.1 The emission factor is useful for determining emission performance during product development.
5.1.2 The emission factor is useful for the air quality regulatory community for determining compliance with emission performance limits.
5.1.3 The emission rate may be useful for the air quality regulatory community for determining impacts on air quality from fireplaces, but must be used with caution as use patterns must be factored into any prediction of atmospheric particulate matter impacts from fireplaces based on results from this method.
The reporting units are grams of particulate per kilogram of dry fuel and grams of particulate per hour.
5.2.1 Appropriate reporting units for comparing emissions from non-heating appliances: g/kg.
5.2.2 Appropriate reporting units for predicting atmospheric emission impacts only if hours of fireplace use are factored in: g/hour.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the fueling and operating protocol for determining particulate matter emissions from wood fires in low mass wood-burning fireplaces.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:E2558–07
Standard Test Method for
Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Fires in Low
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Mass Wood-Burning Fireplaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2558; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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e NOTE—Editorial corrections made to 9.2.1 in May 2007.
1. Scope 3.2.4 fuel piece, n—2 34or4 3 4 wood pieces used to
construct fuel cribs and referring to the nominal width and
1.1 This test method covers the fueling and operating
depth dimensions for commonly available dimensional lumber.
protocol for determining particulate matter emissions from
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The actual dimensions are 38 mm 3 89 mm (1 ⁄2 in. 3 3 ⁄2
wood fires in low mass wood-burning fireplaces.
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in.) and 89 mm 3 89 mm (3 ⁄2 in. 3 3 ⁄2 in.).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.2.5 grate, n—any device included with the fireplace or
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
specified by the fireplace manufacturer, for the purpose of
only.
elevating the fuel load above the hearth or for constraining fuel
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
pieces from falling outside the intended burning area, or both.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
This includes basket grates and andirons.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.6 hearth, n—the footprint of the fireplace firebox.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.7 kindling brands, n—the initial fuel load or loads
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
placed above crumpled newspaper to initiate combustion in the
2. Referenced Documents fireplace and to establish a charcoal bed that will become the
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ignition source for subsequent fuel loads. These are comprised
2.1 ASTM Standards:
offuelstripsseparatedbyairspaces.Thespecificconfiguration
E 2515 TestMethodforDeterminationofParticulateMatter
is described in 9.3.4.
Emissions Collected in a Dilution Tunnel
3.2.8 low mass fireplace, n—any fireplace and attached
E 631 Terminology of Building Constructions
chimney that can be weighed (including the weight of the test
3. Terminology
fuel) on a platform scale that meets the requirements as
specified in 8.2.
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this test method are defined
3.2.9 nominal fuel length, n—the Nominal Fuel Length
in Terminology E 631.
(NFL) is one of five incremental nominal fuel piece lengths
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
that simulates real-world firewood five piece lengths. These
3.2.1 douglas fir, n—untreated, standard, or better grade
lengths are 406 mm (16 in.), 457 mm (18 in.), 508 mm (20 in.),
Douglas fir lumber with agency grade stamp: D. Fir or Douglas
559 mm (22 in.), and 610 mm (24 in.). The NFL is used for
Fir.
both the kindling brands and fuel cribs.
3.2.2 firebox, n—the volume within the fireplace where logs
3.2.10 particulate matter (PM), n—all gas-borne matter
are burned.
resulting from combustion of solid fuel, as specified in this test
3.2.3 first fuel crib, n—the first fuel load (including fuel
method, which is collected in accordance with Test Method
pieces and spacers to create air spaces) placed on the residual
E 2515.
fuel from the kindling brands. The specific configuration is
3.2.11 second fuel crib, n—the second fuel load (including
described in 9.3.1.4.
fuel pieces and spacers to create air spaces) placed on the
residual fuel from the first fuel crib. The specific configuration
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
is described in 9.3.4.5.
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.54
3.2.12 spacers, n—wood pieces used to hold individual fuel
on Solid Fuel Burning Appliances.
pieces together when constructing the three fuel cribs. Their
Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published May 2007.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
function is to provide reproducible fuel crib geometry and air
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
spaces between fuel pieces, as well as to hold the fuel cribs
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
together (with nails).
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E2558–07
3.2.13 standardized fuel retainer, n—any fireplace that emissions and the total amount of fuel burned and is reported
doesn’t include or specify a grate as d
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