ASTM A209/A209M-03(2022)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
ABSTRACT
This specification covers seamless carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel boiler and superheater tubes. As a steel making practice, the steel material shall be killed. The required chemical composition for steel is given. The mechanical property requirements include tensile requirements and hardness requirements. Different test procedure shall be performed on the material presented, one tension test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes, one flattening test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, one flaring test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, and Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests shall be made from two tubes from each lot.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers several grades of minimum-wall-thickness, seamless, carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel, boiler and superheater tubes.
1.2 This specification covers tubes 1/2 to 5 in. [12.7 to 127 mm] inclusive, in outside diameter and 0.035 to 0.500 in. [0.9 to 12.7 mm], inclusive, in minimum wall thickness.
1.3 An optional supplementary requirement is provided and, when desired, shall be so stated in the order.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 28-Feb-2022
- Technical Committee
- A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
- Drafting Committee
- A01.10 - Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2017
- Effective Date
- 15-Mar-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-May-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2004
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2004
- Effective Date
- 10-Jun-2002
Overview
ASTM A209/A209M-03(2022) is an international standard specification developed by ASTM International that covers the requirements for seamless carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel tubes used in boilers and superheaters. These tubes are essential components for high-temperature applications in various industries, especially power generation and process steam systems. The standard details the grades, dimensions, mechanical and chemical properties, testing procedures, and manufacturing practices required to ensure product integrity and reliability in demanding boiler environments.
Key Topics
Scope and Grades
The standard applies to several grades of minimum-wall-thickness, seamless, carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel tubes. Tubes range from 1/2 to 5 inches (12.7 to 127 mm) in outside diameter and 0.035 to 0.500 inches (0.9 to 12.7 mm) in minimum wall thickness.Steelmaking and Manufacturing
- The steel must be produced using a killed steelmaking practice.
- Tubes must be manufactured by the seamless process and can be supplied in either hot-finished or cold-finished condition.
- Mandatory heat treatment is required at or above 1200 °F (650 °C), with options for full annealing, isothermal annealing, or normalizing and tempering.
Chemical and Mechanical Requirements
- Strict chemical composition limits for elements like carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and molybdenum.
- Defined mechanical properties including minimum tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and hardness (measured by Brinell or Rockwell methods).
Testing Procedures
- Tension, flattening, and flaring tests are mandated for each lot-one test for lots of up to 50 tubes, with sampling adjusted for larger lots.
- Hardness testing must be conducted from samples of two tubes per lot.
- Product analysis to confirm conformance to chemical requirements.
Dimensional Compliance
- Tubes must conform to both inch-pound and SI units, but these systems are not interchangeable within a single order.
Supplementary and Marking Requirements
- Optional surface condition requirements (such as pickling or shot blasting) can be specified by the purchaser.
- Tubes must be marked with required information, including finish condition (hot- or cold-finished).
Applications
ASTM A209/A209M seamless carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel boiler and superheater tubes are vital in:
- Power generation: Used in high-pressure boiler and superheater sections due to their ability to withstand high temperatures and pressures.
- Industrial steam systems: Suitable for use in chemical plants, oil refineries, and paper mills.
- Maintenance and replacement: Essential for the repair and maintenance of existing boilers and superheaters to ensure continued safe, efficient operation.
- Custom fabrication: The specification’s dimensional and testing requirements enable easy integration into custom-built boiler components.
Related Standards
- ASTM A1016/A1016M: General requirements for ferritic, austenitic, and stainless steel tubes; provides supplementary requirements referenced by ASTM A209/A209M.
- ASME SA-209: Adopted for use in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, aligning with the requirements specified in ASTM A209/A209M.
- Other ASTM tube standards: For alternate compositions or applications, including ASTM A213 (for ferritic and austenitic boiler tubes) and ASTM A335 (for seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipes).
Keywords: ASTM A209, seamless steel tube, carbon-molybdenum alloy, boiler tubes, superheater tubes, ASTM standard, high-temperature tubing, alloy steel tube specification, power generation, industrial boiler standards
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM A209/A209M-03(2022) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers seamless carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel boiler and superheater tubes. As a steel making practice, the steel material shall be killed. The required chemical composition for steel is given. The mechanical property requirements include tensile requirements and hardness requirements. Different test procedure shall be performed on the material presented, one tension test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes, one flattening test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, one flaring test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, and Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests shall be made from two tubes from each lot. SCOPE 1.1 This specification2 covers several grades of minimum-wall-thickness, seamless, carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel, boiler and superheater tubes. 1.2 This specification covers tubes 1/2 to 5 in. [12.7 to 127 mm] inclusive, in outside diameter and 0.035 to 0.500 in. [0.9 to 12.7 mm], inclusive, in minimum wall thickness. 1.3 An optional supplementary requirement is provided and, when desired, shall be so stated in the order. 1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers seamless carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel boiler and superheater tubes. As a steel making practice, the steel material shall be killed. The required chemical composition for steel is given. The mechanical property requirements include tensile requirements and hardness requirements. Different test procedure shall be performed on the material presented, one tension test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes, one flattening test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, one flaring test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, and Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests shall be made from two tubes from each lot. SCOPE 1.1 This specification2 covers several grades of minimum-wall-thickness, seamless, carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel, boiler and superheater tubes. 1.2 This specification covers tubes 1/2 to 5 in. [12.7 to 127 mm] inclusive, in outside diameter and 0.035 to 0.500 in. [0.9 to 12.7 mm], inclusive, in minimum wall thickness. 1.3 An optional supplementary requirement is provided and, when desired, shall be so stated in the order. 1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM A209/A209M-03(2022) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 23.040.10 - Iron and steel pipes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM A209/A209M-03(2022) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM A1016/A1016M-23, ASTM A1016/A1016M-18a, ASTM A1016/A1016M-18, ASTM A1016/A1016M-17a, ASTM A1016/A1016M-17, ASTM A1016/A1016M-14e1, ASTM A1016/A1016M-14, ASTM A1016/A1016M-13, ASTM A1016/A1016M-11a, ASTM A1016/A1016M-11, ASTM A1016/A1016M-10, ASTM A1016/A1016M-08, ASTM A1016/A1016M-04a, ASTM A1016/A1016M-04, ASTM A1016/A1016M-02a. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM A209/A209M-03(2022) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A209/A209M −03 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and
Superheater Tubes
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA209/A209M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. General Requirements
1.1 This specification covers several grades of minimum-
3.1 Product furnished under this specification shall conform
wall-thickness, seamless, carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel,
to the requirements of Specification A1016/A1016M, includ-
boiler and superheater tubes.
ing any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the
purchase order. Failure to comply with the general require-
1.2 This specification covers tubes ⁄2 to 5 in. [12.7 to 127
ments of Specification A1016/A1016M constitutes nonconfor-
mm] inclusive, in outside diameter and 0.035 to 0.500 in. [0.9
mance with this specification. In case of conflict with the
to 12.7 mm], inclusive, in minimum wall thickness.
requirements of this specification and Specification A1016/
1.3 Anoptionalsupplementaryrequirementisprovidedand,
A1016M, this specification shall prevail.
when desired, shall be so stated in the order.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
4. Materials and Manufacture
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
4.1 Steelmaking Practice—The steel shall be killed.
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
4.2 The tubes shall be made by the seamless process and
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
shall be either hot-finished or cold-finished, as specified.
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
4.3 HeatTreatment—Hot-finishedtubesshallbeheattreated
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
at a temperature of 1200 °F [650 °C] or higher. Cold-finished
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
tubes shall, after the final cold finishing, be heat treated at a
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- temperature of 1200 °F [650 °C] or higher, or tubing may be
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
furnished in the full-annealed, isothermal annealed, or normal-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the ized and tempered condition. If furnished in the normalized
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
and tempered condition, the minimum tempering temperature
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical shall be 1200 °F [650 °C].
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Chemical Composition
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements given in
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Table 1.
A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for
5.2 Product Analysis
Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless
5.2.1 An analysis shall be made by the manufacturer of one
Steel Tubes
billet or one tube from each heat. The chemical composition
thus determined, shall conform to the requirements given in
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Table 1.
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. 5.2.2 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of
Current edition approved March 1, 2022. Published March 2022. Originally
two additional billets or tubes shall be made. Both retests for
approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as A209/A209M – 03
the elements in question shall meet the requirements of the
(2017). DOI: 10.1520/A0209_A0209M-03R22.
specification; otherwise all remaining material in the heat or lot
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code application see related Specifica-
tion SA-209 in Section II of that Code.
(See7.1)shallberejectedor,attheoptionoftheproducer,each
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
billet or tube may be individually tested for acceptance. Billets
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
or tubes that do not meet the requirements of the specification
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. shall be rejected.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A209/A209M−03 (2022)
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements TABLE 3 Computed Minimum Values
Element Composition, % Wall Thickness Elongation in 2 in. or 50
A
mm, min, %
Grade T1 Grade T1a Grade T1b in. mm
Carbon 0.10–0.20 0.15–0.25 0.14 max ⁄16 (0.312) 8 30
Manganese 0.30–0.80 0.30–0.80 0.30–0.80 ⁄32 (0.281) 7.2 29
Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 ⁄4 (0.250) 6.4 27
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 ⁄32 (0.219) 5.6 26
Silicon 0.10–0.50 0.10–0.50 0.10–0.50 ⁄16 (0.188) 4.8 24
Molybdenum 0.44–0.65 0.44–0.65 0.44–0.65 ⁄32 (0.156) 4 22
⁄8 (0.125) 3.2 21
⁄32 (0.094) 2.4 20
⁄16 (0.062) 1.6 18
6. Mechanical Properties A
Calculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest whole
number.
6.1 Tensile Requirements
6.1.1 The material shall conform to the requirements given
in Table 2.
TABLE 4 Hardness Requirements
6.1.2 Table 3 gives the computed minimum elongation
Brinell Hardness Rockwell Hardness
values for each ⁄32-in. [0.8-mm] decrease in wall thickness.
Number (Tubes 0.200 Number (Tubes les
...
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