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ASTM A751-01

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products

Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products

SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers definitions, reference methods, practices, and guides relating to the chemical analysis of steel, stainless steel, and related alloys. It includes both wet chemical and instrumental techniques.  
1.2 Directions are provided for handling chemical requirements, product analyses, residual elements, and reference standards, and for the treatment and reporting of chemical analysis data.  
1.3 This standard applies only to those product standards which include this standard or parts thereof as a requirement.  
1.4 In cases of conflict, the product specification requirements shall take precedence over the requirements of this standard.
1.5 Attention is directed to Practice A880 when there may be a need for information on criteria for evaluation of testing laboratories.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Sep-2001
ICS
77.040.30 - Chemical analysis of metals
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.13 - Mechanical and Chemical Testing and Processing Methods of Steel Products and Processes
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A751-96 - Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Replaced By
ASTM A751-01(2006) - Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
Effective Date
01-May-2006
Referred By
ASTM F3184-16 - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Stainless Steel Alloy (UNS S31603) with Powder Bed Fusion
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM A513/A513M-20a - Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM A877/A877M-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloys, Chrome-Silicon-Vanadium Alloy Valve Spring Quality
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM A795/A795M-21 - Standard Specification for Black and Hot-Dipped Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe for Fire Protection Use
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM A957/A957M-21 - Standard Specification for Investment Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM A996/A996M-16 - Standard Specification for Rail-Steel and Axle-Steel Deformed Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM A909/A909M-06(2021) - Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Industrial Use
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM F844-19 - Standard Specification for Washers, Steel, Plain (Flat), Unhardened for General Use
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM A722/A722M-18 - Standard Specification for High-Strength Steel Bars for Prestressed Concrete
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM A1100-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Qualification and Control of Induction Heat Treating
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM A1000/A1000M-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Carbon and Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM F2282-18 - Standard Specification for Quality Assurance Requirements for Carbon and Alloy Steel Wire, Rods, and Bars for Mechanical Fasteners
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001
Referred By
ASTM A853-19 - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Carbon, for General Use
Effective Date
10-Sep-2001

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ASTM A751-01 - Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsASTM A751-01 - Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
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ASTM A751-01 - Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A751–01
Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
1
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
This standard was prepared to answer the need for a single document that would include all aspects
of obtaining and reporting the chemical analysis of steel, stainless steel, and related alloys. Such
subjects as definitions of terms and product (check) analysis variations (tolerances) required
clarification. Requirements for sampling, meeting specified limits, and treatment of data usually were
not clearly established in product specifications.
It is intended that this standard will contain all requirements for the determination of chemical
composition of steel, stainless steel, or related alloys so that product specifications will need contain
only special modifications and exceptions.
1. Scope A 880 Practice for Criteria for Use in Evaluation of Testing
Laboratories and Organizations for the Examination and
1.1 This standard covers definitions, reference methods,
2
Inspection of Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys
practices, and guides relating to the chemical analysis of steel,
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
stainlesssteel,andrelatedalloys.Itincludesbothwetchemical
3
Determine Conformance with Specifications
and instrumental techniques.
E 30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast
1.2 Directions are provided for handling chemical require-
4
Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron
ments, product analyses, residual elements, and reference
E 50 Practices forApparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
standards, and for the treatment and reporting of chemical
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
analysis data.
5
Related Materials
1.3 This standard applies only to those product standards
E 59 PracticeforSamplingSteelandIronforDetermination
which include this standard or parts thereof as a requirement.
6
of Chemical Composition
1.4 In cases of conflict, the product specification require-
E 60 Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related
ments shall take precedence over the requirements of this
5
Materials by Molecular Absorption Spectrometry
standard.
E 212 Test Method for Spectrographic Analysis of Carbon
1.5 Attention is directed to Practice A 880 when there may
7
and Low-Alloy Steel by the Rod-to-Rod Technique
be a need for information on criteria for evaluation of testing
E 293 Test Method for Spectrographic Determination of
laboratories.
Acid-Soluble Aluminum in Low-Alloy Steel By the Solu-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
7
tion Technique
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E 322 Method for X-Ray Emission Spectrometric Analysis
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5
of Low-Alloy Steels and Cast Irons
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
E 327 Test Method for Optical Emission Spectrometric
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Analysis of Stainless Type 18-8 Steels by the Point-to-
8
2. Referenced Documents Plane Technique
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
1 4
These test methods, practices, and terminology are under the jurisdiction of Discontinued. See 1994 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 03.05.
5
ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys, and are the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
6
direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.13 on Mechanical and Chemical Testing Discontinued and replaced by E 1806. See 1996 Annual Book of ASTM
and Processing Methods of Steel Products and Processes. Standards, Vol. 03.05.
7
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2001. Published November 2001. Originally Discontinued. See 1996 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 03.06.
8
published as A 751 – 77. Last previous edition A 751 – 96. Discontinued. See 1998 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 03.06.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A751–01
E 350 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Carbon Steel, E 1184 Practice for Electrothermal (Graphite Furnace)
5
Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Atomic Absorption Analysis
5
Wrought Iron
E 1282 Guide for Specifying the Chemical Compositions
E 352
...

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ASTM A751-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods and practices cover definitions, reference methods, practices, and guides relating to the chemical analysis of steel, stainless steel, and related alloys. They include both wet chemical and instrumental techniques.  
1.2 Directions are provided for handling chemical requirements, product analyses, residual elements, and reference standards, and for the treatment and reporting of chemical analysis data.  
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ASTM E363-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Chromium and Ferrochromium

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of chromium metal and ferrochromium alloy are primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications such as Specifications A101 and A481. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of chromium and ferrochromium having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Composition, %  
Aluminum  
0.25 max  
Antimony  
0.005 max  
Arsenic  
0.005 max  
Bismuth  
0.005 max  
Boron  
0.005 max  
Carbon  
9.00 max  
Chromium  
51.0 to 99.5  
Cobalt  
0.10 max  
Columbium  
0.05 max  
Copper  
0.05 max  
Lead  
0.005 max  
Manganese  
0.75 max  
Molybdenum  
0.05 max  
Nickel  
0.50 max  
Nitrogen  
6.00 max  
Phosphorus  
0.03 max  
Silicon  
12.00 max  
Silver  
0.005 max  
Sulfur  
0.07 max  
Tantalum  
0.05 max  
Tin  
0.005 max  
Titanium  
0.50 max  
Vanadium  
0.50 max  
Zinc  
0.005 max  
Zirconium  
0.05 max  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Arsenic by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Test Method
[0.001 % to 0.005 %]  
10 – 20  
Lead by the Dithizone Spectrophotometric Test Method
[0.001 % to 0.05 %]  
21 – 31  
Chromium by the Sodium Peroxide Fusion-Titrimetric Test Method
[50.0 % to 99.5 %]  
32 – 38  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6 and in special “Warning” paragraphs throughout these test methods.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E2824-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Beryllium in Copper-Beryllium Alloys by Phosphate Gravimetry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys is primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the determination of beryllium in copper-beryllium alloys in percentages from 0.1 % to 3.0 % by phosphate gravimetry.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 9.  
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ASTM E439-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Beryllium

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of beryllium metal are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of beryllium having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
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97.5 to 100    
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Carbon  
0.05 to 0.30  
Copper  
0.005 to 0.10  
Chromium  
0.005 to 0.10  
Iron  
0.05 to 0.30  
Magnesium  
0.02 to 0.15  
Nickel  
0.005 to 0.10  
Silicon  
0.02 to 0.15  
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Sections  
Chromium by the Diphenylcarbazide Spectrophotometric Test Method
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10 – 19  
Iron by the 1,10-Phenanthroline Spectrophotometric Test Method
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Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Spectrophotometric Test Method
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ASTM E55-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition

ABSTRACT
This practice covers the sampling, for the determination of chemical composition of nonferrous metals and alloys that have been reduced to their final form by mechanical working; that is, by such means as rolling, drawing, and extruding. The portion selection, sample preparation, sampling details, sample size and storage, and resampling are also detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling, for the determination of chemical composition (Note 1), of nonferrous metals and alloys that have been reduced to their final form by mechanical working; that is, by such means as rolling, drawing, and extruding.  
1.1.1 Refer to Practice E255 for copper and copper alloys.  
Note 1: The selection of correct portions of material and the preparation of a representative sample from such portions are necessary prerequisites to every analysis, the analysis being of no value unless the sample actually represents the average composition of the material from which it was selected.  
1.2 In special cases, when agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer, the heat analysis may be accepted as representative of the composition of the finished product. In such cases, the identity of each heat of metal should be maintained through each stage of the manufacturing process to the final form. This method of sampling is not intended to apply under these conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
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ASTM E255-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical Composition

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended primarily for the sampling of copper and copper alloys for compliance with compositional specification requirements.  
4.2 The selection of correct test pieces and the preparation of a representative sample from such test pieces are necessary prerequisites to every analysis. The analytical results will be of little value unless the sample represents the average composition of the material from which it was prepared.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the sampling of copper (except electrolytic cathode) and copper alloys in either cast or wrought form for the determination of composition.  
1.2 Cast products may be in the form of cake, billet, wire bar, ingot, ingot bar, or casting.  
1.3 Wrought products may be in the form of flat, pipe, tube, rod, bar, shape, or forging.  
1.4 This practice is not intended to supersede or replace existing specification requirements for the sampling of a particular material.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement appears in Appendix X4.  
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ASTM B954-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys by Atomic Emission Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The metallurgical properties of magnesium and its alloys are highly dependant on chemical composition. Precise and accurate analyses are essential to obtaining desired properties, meeting customer specifications and helping to reduce scrap due to off-grade material.  
5.2 This test method is applicable to chill cast specimens as defined in Practice B953 and can also be applied to other types of samples provided that suitable reference materials are available.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the analysis of magnesium and its alloys by atomic emission spectrometry. The magnesium specimen to be analyzed may be in the form of a chill cast disk, casting, sheet, plate, extrusion or some other wrought form or shape. The elements covered in the scope of this method are listed in the table below.    
Element  
Mass Fraction Range (Wt %)  
Aluminum  
0.001 to 12.0  
Beryllium  
0.0001 to 0.01  
Boron  
0.0001 to 0.01  
Cadmium  
0.0001 to 0.05  
Calcium  
0.0005 to 0.05  
Cerium  
0.01 to 3.0  
Chromium  
0.0002 to 0.005  
Copper  
0.001 to 0.05  
Dysprosium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Erbium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Gadolinium  
0.01 to 3.0  
Iron  
0.001 to 0.06  
Lanthanum  
0.01 to 1.5  
Lead  
0.005 to 0.1  
Lithium  
0.001 to 0.05  
Manganese  
0.001 to 2.0  
Neodymium  
0.01 to 3.0  
Nickel  
0.0005 to 0.05  
Phosphorus  
0.0002 to 0.01  
Praseodymium  
0.01 to 0.5  
Samarium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Silicon  
0.002 to 5.0  
Silver  
0.001 to 0.2  
Sodium  
0.0005 to 0.01  
Strontium  
0.01 to 4.0  
Tin  
0.002 to 0.05  
Titanium  
0.001 to 0.02  
Yttrium  
0.02 to 7.0  
Ytterbium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Zinc  
0.001 to 10.0  
Zirconium  
0.001 to 1.0
Note 1: The mass fraction ranges given in the above scope are estimates based on two manufacturers observations and data provided by a supplier of atomic emission spectrometers. The range shown for each element does not demonstrate the actual usable analytical range for that element. The usable analytical range may be extended higher or lower based on individual instrument capability, spectral characteristics of the specific element wavelength being used and the availability of appropriate reference materials.  
1.2 This test method is suitable primarily for the analysis of chill cast disks as described in Sampling Practice B953. Other forms may be analyzed, provided that: (1) they are sufficiently massive to prevent undue heating, (2) they allow machining to provide a clean, flat surface which creates a seal between the specimen and the spark stand, and (3) reference materials of a similar metallurgical condition (spectrochemical response) and chemical composition are available.  
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Standard Test Method for Analysis of Zinc-5 % Aluminum-Mischmetal Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys is primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all those who use this test method will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the chemical analysis of zinc alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Composition Range, %  
Aluminum  
3.0–8.0  
Antimony  
0.002 max  
Cadmium  
0.025 max  
Cerium  
0.03–0.10  
Copper  
0.10 max  
Iron  
0.10 max  
Lanthanum  
0.03–0.10  
Lead  
0.026 max  
Magnesium  
0.05 max  
Silicon  
0.015 max  
Tin  
0.002 max  
Titanium  
0.02 max  
Zirconium  
0.02 max  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 Included are procedures for elements in the following composition ranges:    
Element  
Composition Range, %  
Aluminum  
3.0–8.0  
Cadmium  
0.0016–0.025  
Cerium  
0.005–0.10  
Iron  
0.0015–0.10  
Lanthanum  
0.009–0.10  
Lead  
0.002–0.026  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety hazards statements are given in Section 8, 11.2, and 13.1.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Test Method for Determining Susceptibility to Stress-Corrosion Cracking of 2XXX and 7XXX Aluminum Alloy Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The 3.5 % NaCl solution alternate immersion test provides a test environment for detecting materials that would be likely to be susceptible to SCC in natural outdoor environments, especially environments with marine influences.3,4,5 For determining actual serviceability of a material, other stress-corrosion tests should be performed in the intended service environment under conditions relating to the end use, including protective measures.  
4.2 Although this test method is intended for certain alloy types and for testing products primarily in the short-transverse stressing direction, this method is useful for some other types of alloys and stressing directions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a uniform procedure for characterizing the resistance to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) of high-strength aluminum alloy wrought products for the guidance of those who perform stress-corrosion tests, for those who prepare stress-corrosion specifications, and for materials engineers.  
1.2 This test method covers method of sampling, type of specimen, specimen preparation, test environment, and method of exposure for determining the susceptibility to SCC of 2XXX (with 1.8 % to 7.0 % copper) and 7XXX (with 0.4 % to 2.8 % copper) aluminum alloy products, particularly when stressed in the short-transverse direction relative to the grain structure.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM E3346-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Combustion, Inert Gas Fusion and Hot Extraction Instruments for use in Analyzing Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The chemical measurement processes covered by this guide are used for determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Hydrogen in metals, ores and related materials. A test method utilizing this guidance is used to test such materials, and also form the basis for quality assurance of these materials. Thus, it is economically and scientifically critical that these instruments be understood by the laboratories that use them.  
5.2 It is assumed that all who use this guide will be trained analysts, capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully, and safely. It is expected that any work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.  
5.3 It is expected that the laboratory will prepare their own work procedures for any of the information described in this guide.  
5.4 This guide contains numerous references to “manufacturer’s recommendations”. The user of this guide is expected to refer to the instrument operation manual for the specific instrument being used or consult directly with the manufacturer to obtain instructions or recommendations.  
5.5 This guide stresses the conservation of certified reference materials (CRMs). CRMs should not be used for drift checks or conditioning measurments. Other materials should be developed and used for these operations.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information for using Combustion, Inert Gas Fusion and Hot Extraction instruments to determine the mass fraction of the non-metallic elements Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Hydrogen in metals, ores and related materials.  
1.2 This guide does not specify all the operating conditions because of the differences among different manufacturer’s instruments. Laboratories should follow instructions provided by the manufacturer of the instrument.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 The information in this guide is contained in the sections indicated as follows:    
Sections  
Carbon/Sulfur by Combustion/Infrared Detection  
14 – 19  
Nitrogen/Oxygen by Inert Gas Fusion/Thermal Conductivity and Infrared Detection  
20 – 25  
Hydrogen by Inert Gas Fusion Instrumental Measurement and Hot Extraction/Various Detection Cell Technology  
26 – 31  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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