ASTM D7049-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Metalworking Fluid Aerosol in Workplace Atmospheres
Standard Test Method for Metalworking Fluid Aerosol in Workplace Atmospheres
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method covers the gravimetric measurement4 of metal removal fluid aerosol concentrations in workplace atmospheres.
5.2 This test method provides total particulate matter concentrations for comparison with historical exposure databases collected with the same technology.
5.3 This test method provides an extension to current non-standardized methods by adding an extractable mass concentration which reduces interferences from nonmetal removal fluid aerosols.
5.4 This test method does not address differences between metal removal fluid types, but it does include extraction with a broad spectrum of solvent polarity to adequately remove many of the current fluid formulations from insoluble background aerosol.5
5.5 This test method does not identify or quantify any specific putative toxins in the workplace that can be related to metal removal fluid aerosols or vapors.
5.6 This test method does not address the loss of semivolatile compounds from the filter during or after collection.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determination of both total collected particulate matter and extractable mass metalworking fluid aerosol concentrations in the range of 0.07 to 5 mg/m3 in workplace atmospheres.
1.2 This test method describes a standardized means of collecting worker exposure information that can be compared to existing exposure databases, using a test method that is also more specific to metal removal fluids.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7049 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Metalworking Fluid Aerosol in Workplace Atmospheres
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7049; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope 2.2 U.S. Government Regulations:
29 CFR 1910.1000 Air Contaminants
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determina-
29 CFR 1910.1450 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous
tion of both total collected particulate matter and extractable
Chemicals in Laboratories
mass metalworking fluid aerosol concentrations in the range of
3
0.07 to 5 mg/m in workplace atmospheres.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method describes a standardized means of
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to this test
collecting worker exposure information that can be compared
method, refer to Terminology D1356.
to existing exposure databases, using a test method that is also
more specific to metal removal fluids.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3.2.1 extractable mass, n—the amount of material removed
by liquid extraction of the filter using a mixed-polarity solvent
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. mixture.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—This mass is an approximation of the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
metal removal fluid portion of the workplace aerosol.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 filter set, n—a group of filters from the same produc-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
tion lot that are weighed and assembled into the filter cassettes
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
at one time.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.2.1 Discussion—The filter set may be used for sampling
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
on multiple days with the appropriate field blanks being
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
submitted for each sampling day.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.3 metal removal fluids, n—the subset of metalworking
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
fluids that are used for wet machining or grinding to produce
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the finished part; such fluids are often characterized as straight,
2. Referenced Documents
soluble, semisynthetic, and synthetic.
2
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Metalworking fluids addressed by this
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of test method include straight or neat oils, not intended for
further dilution with water, and water-miscible soluble oils,
Atmospheres
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration semi-synthetics, and synthetics, which are intended to be
diluted with water before use. Metalworking fluids become
D4532 Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace At-
mospheres Using Cyclone Samplers contaminated during use in the workplace with a variety of
workplace substances including, but not limited to, abrasive
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
D5337 Practice for Flow RateAdjustment of Personal Sam- particles, tramp oils, cleaners, dirt, metal fines and shavings,
dissolved metal and hard water salts, bacteria, fungi, micro-
pling Pumps
biological decay products, and waste. These contaminants can
1
cause changes in the lubricity and cooling ability of the metal
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air
removalfluidandmayhavethepotentialtoadverselyaffectthe
Quality.
health and welfare of employees exposed to the contaminated
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally
metal removal fluid.
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7049 – 04 (2010).
DOI: 10.1520/D7049-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200
the ASTM website. Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210, http://www.osha.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO B
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7049 − 04 (Reapproved 2010) D7049 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Metal Removal Metalworking Fluid Aerosol in Workplace
1
Atmospheres
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7049; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determination of both total collected particulate matter and extractable mass
3
metal removal metalworking fluid aerosol concentrations in the range of 0.050.07 to 5 mg/m in workplace atmospheres.
1.2 This test method describes a standardized means of collecting worker exposure information that can be compared to existing
exposure databases, using a test method that is also more specific to metal removal fluids.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
D3670 Guide for Determination of Precision and Bias of Methods of Committee D22
D4532 Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace Atmospheres Using Cyclone Samplers
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
D5337 Practice for Flow Rate Adjustment of Personal Sampling Pumps
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3
2.2 U.S. Government Standards:Regulations:
29 CFR 1910.1000 Air Contaminants
29 CFR 1910.1450 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories
4
2.3 NIOSH Document:
Method 0500 NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), 4th Ed
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to this test method, refer to Terminology D1356.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 breathing zone, n—the worker’s breathing zone consists of a hemisphere 300-mm radius extending in front of the face,
centered on the midpoint of a line joining the ears; the base of the hemisphere is a plane through this line, the top of the head and
the larynx.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air Quality.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2017. Published June 2010October 2017. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20042010 as D7049
– 04. 04 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/D7049-04R10.10.1520/D7049-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.Occupational Safety
and Health Administration (OSHA), 200 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210, http://www.osha.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7049 − 17
3.2.1 extractable mass, n—the amount of material removed by liquid extraction of the filter using a mixed-polarity solvent
mixture. This mass is an approximation of the metal removal fluid portion of the workplace aerosol.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
This mass is an approximation of the metal removal fluid portion of the workplace aerosol.
3.2.2 filter set, n—a group of filters from the same production lot that are weighed and assembled into the filter cassettes at one
time. The filter set may be used for sampling on multiple days
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7049 − 17 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
1
Metalworking Fluid Aerosol in Workplace Atmospheres
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7049; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Personal Sampling Pumps
3
2.2 U.S. Government Regulations:
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determina-
tion of both total collected particulate matter and extractable 29 CFR 1910.1000 Air Contaminants
29 CFR 1910.1450 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous
mass metalworking fluid aerosol concentrations in the range of
3
0.07 to 5 mg/m in workplace atmospheres. Chemicals in Laboratories
1.2 This test method describes a standardized means of
3. Terminology
collecting worker exposure information that can be compared
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to this test
to existing exposure databases, using a test method that is also
method, refer to Terminology D1356.
more specific to metal removal fluids.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2.1 extractable mass, n—the amount of material removed
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
by liquid extraction of the filter using a mixed-polarity solvent
standard.
mixture.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1.1 Discussion—This mass is an approximation of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
metal removal fluid portion of the workplace aerosol.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 filter set, n—a group of filters from the same produc-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
tion lot that are weighed and assembled into the filter cassettes
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
at one time.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.2.1 Discussion—The filter set may be used for sampling
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
on multiple days with the appropriate field blanks being
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
submitted for each sampling day.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.3 metal removal fluids, n—the subset of metalworking
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
fluids that are used for wet machining or grinding to produce
the finished part; such fluids are often characterized as straight,
2. Referenced Documents
soluble, semisynthetic, and synthetic.
2
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Metalworking fluids addressed by this
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of test method include straight or neat oils, not intended for
further dilution with water, and water-miscible soluble oils,
Atmospheres
semi-synthetics, and synthetics, which are intended to be
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
diluted with water before use. Metalworking fluids become
D4532 Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace At-
contaminated during use in the workplace with a variety of
mospheres Using Cyclone Samplers
workplace substances including, but not limited to, abrasive
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
particles, tramp oils, cleaners, dirt, metal fines and shavings,
D5337 Practice for Setting and Verifying the Flow Rate of
dissolved metal and hard water salts, bacteria, fungi, micro-
biological decay products, and waste. These contaminants can
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E34 on
cause changes in the lubricity and cooling ability of the metal
Occupational Health and Safety and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
removal fluid and may have the potential to adversely affect the
E34.50 on Health and Safety Standards for Metal Working Fluids.
health and welfare of employees exposed to the contaminated
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally
metal removal fluid.
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7049 – 04 (2010).
DOI: 10.1520/D7049-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200
the ASTM website. Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210, http://www.osha.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, P
...
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