ASTM A729/A729M-09e1

Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service

ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard requirements for heat-treated alloy steel axles and solid design roller bearing axles with machined bodies for mass transit and commuter cars in electric and locomotive hauled railway service. Various axle designs are used for this service including motor and non-motor with either inboard or outboard journals. Materials shall be forged, cooled and heat treated by normalizing, liquid quenching, tempering, and straightening. Steels shall conform to chemical composition requirements specified for each of the seven classes considered here. Conformance to mechanical property requirements such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area, shall be evaluated by tensile tests. Details of nondestructive ultrasonic and magnetic particle examination procedures are discussed thoroughly. Final axle products shall conform to purchaser-specified size, shape, and finish. Rough machining shall be free of excessively rough ridges and coarse chatter marks, and the finish machined axle surfaces shall be free of injurious imperfections.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers heat-treated alloy steel axles for mass transit and commuter cars in electric and locomotive hauled railway service.
1.2 This specification is for solid design roller bearing axles with machined bodies.
1.3 Various axle designs are used for this service including motor and non-motor with either inboard or outboard journals.
1.4 Supplementary requirements including those in the general requirements of Specification A788/A788M are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the axles shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2009
• ICS: 45.040 - Materials and components for railway engineering
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.06 - Steel Forgings and Billets

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A729/A729M-09 - Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Replaced By: ASTM A729/A729M-09(2014) - Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2014
• Referred By: ASTM A788/A788M-23 - Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
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Designation: A729/A729M −09
StandardSpecification for
Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit and
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Electric Railway Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA729/A729M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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ε NOTE—Editorially corrected 8.4.2.1 and 8.5.3 in October 2011.
1. Scope* A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
Forgings
1.1 This specification covers heat-treated alloy steel axles
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
for mass transit and commuter cars in electric and locomotive
quirements
hauled railway service.
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
1.2 This specification is for solid design roller bearing axles
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
with machined bodies.
Blooms, and Forgings
E1426 Test Method for Determining the Effective Elastic
1.3 Various axle designs are used for this service including
motor and non-motor with either inboard or outboard journals. Parameter for X-Ray Diffraction Measurements of Re-
sidual Stress
1.4 Supplementary requirements including those in the gen-
eral requirements of Specification A788/A788M are provided 2.2 Other Standards:
for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These AAR Manual of Standards and Recommended Prac-
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shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser
tices Wheels and Axles
in the order.
3. Ordering Information
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-
tion designation, the axles shall be furnished to the inch-pound
3.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to
units.
the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-
lines ordering information, manufacturing requirements, test-
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
ing and retesting methods and procedures, marking,
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
certification,productanalysisvariations,andadditionalsupple-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
mentary requirements.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance 3.1.1 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict
with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, then the
with the standard.
requirements of this specification shall prevail.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 In addition to the ordering information required by
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
Specification A788/A788M, the purchaser should include with
A29/A29M SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforSteel
the inquiry and order a detailed drawing, sketch or written
Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
description of the axle showing complete details pertaining to
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
dimensions, tolerances if more restrictive than those contained
Steel Forgings
in this specification, degree of finish, and location of stamping.
3.2.1 Unlessthepurchaserdesignatesaclassinthepurchase
order or contract, the class used shall be at the producer’s
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
discretion.
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
3.3 Supplementary requirements, if needed, including any
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally
that are appropriate from Specification A788/A788M.
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A729/A729M – 06.
DOI: 10.1520/A0729_A0729M-09E01.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the Association of American Railroads, http://
the ASTM website. www.aarpublications.com/.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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A729/A729M − 09
4. Chemical Requirements 5.3.3.1 Grade H axles require a normalizing cycle prior to
the quenching heat treatment.
4.1 Chemical Composition—The steel shall conform to the
5.3.3.2 At the manufacturer’s option for Grade G, a normal-
chemical requirements specified in Table 1.
izing cycle may precede austenitizing for the liquid quenching
4.2 Seven classes of steel are included in Table 1. Unless
operation.
otherwisespecifiedbythepurc
...