ASTM D4791-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate (Withdrawn 2019)
Standard Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate (Withdrawn 2019)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The particles shape of course aggregates influences the properties of some construction materials and may affect their placement and consolidation.
This test method provides a means for checking compliance with specifications that limit such particles or to determine the relative shape characteristics of coarse aggregates.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percentages of flat particles, elongated particles, or flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregates. Two procedures, Method A and Method B, are presented in this standard. Method A is a reflection of the original procedure as developed prior to Superpave and is intended for all non-Superpave applications. Method B is a comparison of the maximum particle dimension to the minimum particle dimension and is intended for use with Superpave specifications.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exception —(Regarding sieves, per Specification E11) The values stated in SI units shall be considered standard for the dimensions of the wire cloth openings and the diameter of the wires used in the wire cloth. When sieve mesh sizes are referenced, the alternate inch-pound designations are provided for information purposes and enclosed in parenthesis.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covered the determination of the percentages of flat particles, elongated particles, or flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregates.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials, this test method was withdrawn in February 2019 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
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Designation: D4791 − 10
Standard Test Method for
Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated
1
Particles in Coarse Aggregate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4791; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the per-
C702 PracticeforReducingSamplesofAggregatetoTesting
centages of flat particles, elongated particles, or flat and
Size
elongated particles in coarse aggregates. Two procedures,
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
Method A and Method B, are presented in this standard.
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
MethodAis a reflection of the original procedure as developed
Sieves
prior to Superpave and is intended for all non-Superpave
applications. Method B is a comparison of the maximum
3. Terminology
particle dimension to the minimum particle dimension and is
intended for use with Superpave specifications.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 elongated particles of aggregate—those particles of
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
aggregate having a ratio of length to width greater than a
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
specified value.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
3.1.2 flat and elongated particles of aggregate—those par-
1.2.1 Exception—(Regarding sieves, per SpecificationE11)
ticles having a ratio of length to thickness greater than a
The values stated in SI units shall be considered standard for
specified value.
the dimensions of the wire cloth openings and the diameter of
3.1.3 flat particles of aggregate—those particles of aggre-
the wires used in the wire cloth. When sieve mesh sizes are
gatehavingaratioofwidthtothicknessgreaterthanaspecified
referenced, the alternate inch-pound designations are provided
value.
for information purposes and enclosed in parenthesis.
3.1.4 length—maximum dimension of the particle, as illus-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
trated in Fig. 1.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.5 thickness—minimum dimension of particle. It is the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
maximum dimension perpendicular to the length and width as
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
illustrated in Fig. 1.
3.1.6 width—intermediate dimension of the particle. It is the
2. Referenced Documents
maximum dimension in the plane perpendicular to the length
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and thickness.The width dimensions is greater than or equal to
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
the thickness as illustrated in Fig. 1.
Aggregates
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Individual particles of aggregate of specific sieve sizes
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
are measured to determine the ratios of width to thickness,
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.51 on
Aggregate Tests. length to width, or length to thickness.
Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally
e1
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D4791 – 05 . DOI:
5. Significance and Use
10.1520/D4791-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1 The particles shape of course aggregates influences the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
properties of some construction materials and may affect their
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. placement and consolidation.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D4791 − 10
FIG. 1 Particle Dimensions
5.2 This test method provides a means for checking com-
Nominal Maximum Size Minimum Mass of
Square Openings, in. (mm) Test Sample, lb (kg)
pliance with specifications that limit such particles or to
3
⁄8 (9.5 ) 2 (1)
determine the relative shape characteristics of coarse aggre-
1
⁄2 (12.5) 4 (2)
3
gates.
⁄4 (19.0) 11 (5)
1 (25.0) 22 (10)
1
1 ⁄2 (37.5) 33 (15)
6. Apparatus
2(50) 44 (20)
1
2 ⁄2 (63) 77 (35)
6.1 The apparatus used shall be equipment suitable for
3
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:D4791–05 Designation: D4791 – 10
Standard Test Method for
Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated
1
Particles in Coarse Aggregate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4791; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
´ NOTE—Information corrected editorially in Table3 in August 2007.
1. Scope
1.1This test method covers the determination of the percentages of flat particles, elongated particles, or flat and elongated
particles in coarse aggregates.
1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except in regard to sieve size and the size of
aggregate, which are given in SI units in accordance with Specification
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percentages of flat particles, elongated particles, or flat and elongated
particles in coarse aggregates. Two procedures, Method A and Method B, are presented in this standard. Method A is a reflection
of the original procedure as developed prior to Superpave and is intended for all non-Superpave applications. Method B is a
comparison of the maximum particle dimension to the minimum particle dimension and is intended for use with Superpave
specifications.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exception —(Regarding sieves, per Specification E11.The SI units in parentheses are for information purposes only. )The
values stated in SI units shall be considered standard for the dimensions of the wire cloth openings and the diameter of the wires
used in the wire cloth. When sieve mesh sizes are referenced, the alternate inch-pound designations are provided for information
purposes and enclosed in parenthesis.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: C125Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 elongated particles of aggregate—those particles of aggregate having a ratio of length to width greater than a specified
value.
3.1.2 flat and elongated particles of aggregate—those particles having a ratio of length to thickness greater than a specified
value.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.51 onAggregate
Tests.
Current edition approved July 15, 2005. Published August 2005. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D4791–99. DOI:
10.1520/D4791-05E01.
e1
Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D4791 – 05 . DOI:
10.1520/D4791-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4791 – 10
3.1.2flat or elongated particles of aggregate—those particles of aggregate having a ratio of width to thickness or length to width
greater than a specified value (see Terminology C125).
3.1.3 length—maximum dimension of the particle. flat particles of aggregate—those particles of aggregate having a ratio of
width to thickness greater than a specified value.
3.1.4 thickness—maximum dimension perpendicular t
...
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