ASTM D5265-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Bridge Impact Testing
Standard Test Method for Bridge Impact Testing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Materials shipped in elongated packages are liable to damage as a result of impact near their midpoint when only the ends are supported. This type of damage can occur during the shipment of packaging of mixed dimensions. It is particularly prevalent during conveyer line transport and sortation. This test method provides a means of determining resistance to such damage.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to determine the capability of a long package with a narrow cross-section to resist impact near its center when the package is supported only at its ends. This test method allows the user to select from two test options: Option A employs the use of a free-fall drop tester (see Exhibit B), and Option B employs the use of simulated mechanical impact testing equipment (S.M.I.T.E.; see Exhibit A). The two optional procedures are designed to impart the same amount of kinetic energy at impact; therefore, each procedure yields equal damage-producing potential.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D5265 − 09
StandardTest Method for
1
Bridge Impact Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5265; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
1.1 This test method is intended to determine the capability
Lot or Process
of a long package with a narrow cross-section to resist impact
near its center when the package is supported only at its ends.
3. Terminology
Thistestmethodallowstheusertoselectfromtwotestoptions:
3.1 Definitions—The terms and definitions used in this test
OptionAemploystheuseofafree-falldroptester(seeExhibit
method may be found in Terminology D996.
B), and Option B employs the use of simulated mechanical
impact testing equipment (S.M.I.T.E.; see ExhibitA). The two
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
optionalproceduresaredesignedtoimpartthesameamountof
3.2.1 elongated package—a package that is long in propor-
kineticenergyatimpact;therefore,eachprocedureyieldsequal
tion to width and thickness, with lengths greater or equal to 36
damage-producing potential.
in. (914 mm) and each of the other two dimensions 20% or
less of the longest dimension.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4. Significance and Use
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1 Materials shipped in elongated packages are liable to
and are not considered standard.
damageasaresultofimpactneartheirmidpointwhenonlythe
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ends are supported. This type of damage can occur during the
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
shipment of packaging of mixed dimensions. It is particularly
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
prevalentduringconveyerlinetransportandsortation.Thistest
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
method provides a means of determining resistance to such
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
damage.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Apparatus
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Option A—Free-Fall Drop Tester, conforming to the
D644Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and
conditions specified in 10.2.1 (see Fig. 1).
3
Paperboard by Oven Drying (Withdrawn 2010)
5.1.1 Impactor, composed of a hardwood, with a mass of 9
D685Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products
6 0.4 lb (4.1 6 0.2 kg ) and dimensions of 12 × 12 × 12 in.
w
for Testing
(300 × 300 × 300 mm). The impactor shall have at least one
D996Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
bottomedgecoveredbyangleiron.Theboxshallbefilledwith
ments
the specified weight and void fill to keep the weight in place.
D4332Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
5.1.2 Support Blocks, made from hardwood, nominal6×6
Packaging Components for Testing
in. (150 × 150 mm), long enough to support the full width of
the largest package to be tested.
5.2 Option B—Commercial S.M.I.T.E. Tester, using a
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
guided impactor and velocity meter to calculate the theoretical
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping
free-fall drop of the missile (see Fig. 2).
Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally 5.2.1 S.M.I.T.E. Tester Impactor (missile), fabricated in a
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5265–03(2009).
V-shape cross-section from a steel flat plate, with a mass of 50
DOI: 10.1520/D5265-09.
6 0.4 lb (22.68 6 0.2 kg ) and length of approximately 30 in.
2 w
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
(760 mm). The long edges of the missile shall be rounded to a
contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
radius of 0.25 6 0.0625 in. (6 6 2 mm).
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on NOTE 1—The standard S.M.I.T.E. tester is equipped with a variety of
www.astm.org. interchangeablemissiles,providingimpactoptionsrangingfromflatdrop,
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5265 − 09
FIG. 1 Vertical Drop Tester
angle edge drop, half round, ha
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5265–03 (Reapproved 2009) Designation: D5265 – 09
Standard Test Method for
1
Bridge Impact Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5265; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is intended to determine the capability of a long package with a narrow cross-section to resist impact near
its center when the package is supported only at its ends. This test method allows the user to select from two test options: Option
Aemploys the use of a free-fall drop tester (see Exhibit B), and Option B employs the use of simulated mechanical impact testing
equipment (S.M.I.T.E.; see Exhibit A). The two optional procedures are designed to impart the same amount of kinetic energy at
impact; therefore, each procedure yields equal damage-producing potential.
1.2The1.2 The values stated in SIinch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D644 Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and Paperboard by Oven Drying
D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products for Testing
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The terms and definitions used in this test method may be found in Terminology D996.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 elongate package—apackagethatislonginproportiontowidthandthickness,withlengthsatleastthreetimestheirwidth
or height. elongated package—a package that is long in proportion to width and thickness, with lengths greater or equal to 36 in.
(914 mm) and each of the other two dimensions 20 % or less of the longest dimension.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Materials shipped in long, narrow packages, with lengths at least three times their width or height,elongated packages are
liable to damage as a result of impact near their midpoint when only the ends are supported. This type of damage can occur during
the shipment of packaging of mixed dimensions. It is particularly prevalent during conveyer line transport and sortation. This test
method provides a means of determining resistance to such damage.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Option A—Free-Fall Drop Tester, conforming to the conditions specified in 10.2.1 (see Fig. 1).
5.1.1 Impactor, composed of a dense hardwood, with a mass of 5.79 6 0.4 lb (4.1 6 0.2 kg (12.546 0.4 lb), length of
w
approximately 610 mm (24 in.), and width of 178 mm (7 in.). The depth can be adjusted to obtain the desired weight as stated
1 1
above. The long edges of the impactor shall be rounded to a radius of 6 62mm( ⁄4 6 ⁄16 in.).
NOTE1—If a lighter wood is used, the depth can be adjusted to achieve the correct mass. ) and dimensions of 12 3 12 3 12 in. (300 3 300 3 300
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.22 on Physical Test Methods.
Current edition approved MarchNov. 1, 2009. Published MarchDecember 2009. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20032009 as
D5265 – 03(2009). DOI: 10.1520/D5265-03R09.10.1520/D5265-09.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5265 – 09
FIG. 1 Vertical Drop Tester
mm). The impactor shall have at least one bottom edge covered by angle iron. The box shall be filled with the specified
...
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