ASTM D7313-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Fracture Energy of Asphalt Mixtures Using the Disk-Shaped Compact Tension Geometry
Standard Test Method for Determining Fracture Energy of Asphalt Mixtures Using the Disk-Shaped Compact Tension Geometry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The test method was developed for determining the fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures. The fracture resistance can help differentiate asphalt mixtures whose service life might be compromised by cracking. The test method is generally valid for specimens that are tested at temperatures of 10 °C or below (see Note 1). The specimen geometry is readily adapted to 150 mm diameter specimens, such as fabricated from Superpave (trademark) gyratory compactors (Test Method D6925), which are used for the asphalt mixture design process. The specimen geometry can also be adapted for forensic investigations using field cores of pavements where thin lifts are present. This geometry has been found to produce satisfactory results for asphalt mixtures with nominal maximum aggregates size ranging from 4.75 to 19 mm (2).
Note 1: The stiffness of the asphalt binder tends to influence the assessment of a valid test as described in 7.4. For instance, a soft asphalt binder which may be required for a very cold climate might not lead to a mixture that would produce valid results at +10 °C and, conversely, a hard asphalt binder utilized in hot climates may require higher temperatures to provide any meaningful information.
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this test method are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this test method are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results may depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guidelines provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
Note 3: The failure mechanism experienced in this test is influenced by the ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of fracture energy (Gf) of asphalt mixtures using the disk-shaped compact tension geometry. The disk-shaped compact tension geometry is a circular specimen with a single edge notch loaded in tension. The fracture energy can be utilized as a parameter to describe the fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures. The fracture energy parameter is particularly useful in the evaluation of asphalt mixtures with ductile asphalt binders, such as polymer-modified asphalt mixture, and has been shown to discriminate between these materials more broadly than the indirect tensile strength parameter (AASHTO T 322, Ref (1)).2 The test is generally valid at temperatures of 10 °C and below, or for material and temperature combinations which produce valid material fracture, as outlined in 7.4.
1.2 The specimen geometry and terminology (disk-shaped compact tension, DC(T)) is modeled after Test Method E399 for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials, Appendix A6, with modifications to allow fracture testing of asphalt mix.
1.3 The test method describes the testing apparatus, instrumentation, specimen fabrication, and analysis procedures required to determine fracture energy of asphalt mixture and similar quasi-brittle materials.
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the test method.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to u...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7313 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determining Fracture Energy of Asphalt Mixtures Using the
1
Disk-Shaped Compact Tension Geometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7313; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of fracture
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
energy (G) of asphalt mixtures using the disk-shaped compact
f
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
tension geometry. The disk-shaped compact tension geometry
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
is a circular specimen with a single edge notch loaded in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tension. The fracture energy can be utilized as a parameter to
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
describe the fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures. The
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
fracture energy parameter is particularly useful in the evalua-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
tion of asphalt mixtures with ductile asphalt binders, such as
polymer-modified asphalt mixture, and has been shown to
2. Referenced Documents
discriminate between these materials more broadly than the
3
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
indirect tensile strength parameter (AASHTO T 322, Ref (1)).
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
The test is generally valid at temperatures of 10 °C and below,
ments
or for material and temperature combinations which produce
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
valid material fracture, as outlined in 7.4.
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
1.2 The specimen geometry and terminology (disk-shaped
D6925 Test Method for Preparation and Determination of
compact tension, DC(T)) is modeled after Test Method E399
the Relative Density ofAsphalt Mix Specimens by Means
for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials,
of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor
Appendix A6, with modifications to allow fracture testing of
D7643 Practice for Determining the Continuous Grading
asphalt mix.
Temperatures and Continuous Grades for PG Graded
1.3 The test method describes the testing apparatus,
Asphalt Binders
instrumentation, specimen fabrication, and analysis procedures
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
required to determine fracture energy of asphalt mixture and
ASTM Test Methods
similar quasi-brittle materials.
E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture
Toughness of Metallic Materials
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
E1823 TerminologyRelatingtoFatigueandFractureTesting
considered as requirements of the test method.
4
2.2 AASHTO Standards:
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
AASHTO T 322 Method of Test for Determining the Creep
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Compliance and Strength of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
standard.
Using the Indirect Tensile Test Device
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
AASHTO R 30 Practice for Mixture Conditioning of Hot-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Mix Asphalt (HMA)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
3
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.26 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Fundamental/Mechanistic Tests. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2020. Published January 2021. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7313 – 13. DOI: the ASTM website.
4
10.1520/D7313-20. Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,
this standard. ht
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7313 − 13 D7313 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determining Fracture Energy of Asphalt-AggregateAsphalt
Mixtures Using the Disk-Shaped Compact Tension
1
Geometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7313; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of fracture energy (G ) of asphalt-aggregateasphalt mixtures using the disk-shaped
f
compact tension geometry. The disk-shaped compact tension geometry is a circular specimen with a single edge notch loaded in
tension. The fracture energy can be utilized as a parameter to describe the fracture resistance of asphalt concrete.mixtures. The
fracture energy parameter is particularly useful in the evaluation of asphalt mixtures with ductile asphalt binders, such as
polymer-modified asphalt concrete,mixture, and has been shown to discriminate between these materials more broadly than the
2
indirect tensile strength parameter (AASHTO T322, WagonerT 322, Ref (1)). ). The test is generally valid at temperatures of 10°C
(50°F) 10 °C and below, or for material and temperature combinations which produce valid material fracture, as outlined in 7.4.
1.2 The specimen geometry and terminology (disk-shaped compact tension, DC(T)) is modeled after Test Method E399 for
Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials, Appendix A6, with modifications to allow fracture testing of asphalt
concrete.mix.
1.3 The test method describes the testing apparatus, instrumentation, specimen fabrication, and analysis procedures required to
determine fracture energy of asphalt concretemixture and similar quasi-brittle materials.
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the test method.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. No
other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.26 on
Fundamental/Mechanistic Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013Dec. 15, 2020. Published January 2014January 2021. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
D7313 – 07a.D7313 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D7313-13.10.1520/D7313-20.
2
Wagoner, M. P., Buttlar, W. G., Paulino, G. H., and Blankenship, P., “Laboratory Testing Suite for Characterization of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures Obtained from Field
Cores,” The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists,end of this standard. 2006.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D7313 − 20
2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D6373 Specification for Performance Graded Asphalt Binder
D6925 Test Method for Preparation and Determination of the Relative Density of Asphalt Mix Specimens by Means of the
Superpave Gyratory Compactor
D7643 Practice for Determining the Continuous Grading Temperatures and Continuous Grades for PG Graded Asphalt Binders
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fractur
...
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