ASTM E1354-03
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
Standard Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard provides for measuring the response of materials exposed to controlled levels of radiant heating with or without an external ignitor.
1.2 This test method is used to determine the ignitability, heat release rates, mass loss rates, effective heat of combustion, and visible smoke development of materials and products.
1.3 The rate of heat release is determined by measurement of the oxygen consumption as determined by the oxygen concentration and the flow rate in the exhaust product stream. The effective heat of combustion is determined from a concomitant measurement of specimen mass loss rate, in combination with the heat release rate. Smoke development is measured by obscuration of light by the combustion product stream.
1.4 Specimens shall be exposed to heating fluxes in the range of 0 to 100 kW/m². External ignition, when used, shall be by electric spark. The value of the heating flux and the use of external ignition are to be as specified in the relevant material or performance standard (see X1.2 ). The normal specimen testing orientation is horizontal, independent of whether the end-use application involves a horizontal or a vertical orientation. The apparatus also contains provisions for vertical orientation testing; this is used for exploratory or diagnostic studies only.
1.5 Ignitability is determined as a measurement of time from initial exposure to time of sustained flaming.
1.6 This test method has been developed for use for material and product evaluations, mathematical modeling, design purposes, or development and research. Examples of material specimens include portions of an end-use product or the various components used in the end-use product.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
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An American National Standard
Designation:E1354–03
Standard Test Method for
Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and
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Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1354; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk
assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under
1.1 This fire-test-response standard provides for measuring
actual fire conditions.
the response of materials exposed to controlled levels of
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
radiant heating with or without an external ignitor.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.2 This test method is used to determine the ignitability,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
heatreleaserates,masslossrates,effectiveheatofcombustion,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
and visible smoke development of materials and products.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
1.3 The rate of heat release is determined by measurement
statements, see Section 7.
of the oxygen consumption as determined by the oxygen
concentration and the flow rate in the exhaust product stream.
2. Referenced Documents
The effective heat of combustion is determined from a con-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
comitant measurement of specimen mass loss rate, in combi-
D3286 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and
nation with the heat release rate. Smoke development is
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Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter
measured by obscuration of light by the combustion product
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E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
stream.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
1.4 Specimens shall be exposed to heating fluxes in the
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ASTM Test Methods
range of 0 to 100 kW/m . External ignition, when used, shall
E662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke
be by electric spark. The value of the heating flux and the use
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Generated by Solid Materials
of external ignition are to be as specified in the relevant
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
material or performance standard (see X1.2). The normal
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Determine the Precision of a Test Method
specimen testing orientation is horizontal, independent of
E906 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release
whether the end-use application involves a horizontal or a
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Rates for Materials and Products
vertical orientation. The apparatus also contains provisions for
2.2 ISO Standards:
vertical orientation testing; this is used for exploratory or
ISO 5657-1986(E) Fire Tests—reaction to fire—ignitability
diagnostic studies only.
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of building materials
1.5 Ignitability is determined as a measurement of time
ISO 5725 Precision of test methods—determination of re-
from initial exposure to time of sustained flaming.
peatability and reproducibility for a standard test method
1.6 Thistestmethodhasbeendevelopedforuseformaterial
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by inter-laboratory tests
and product evaluations, mathematical modeling, design pur-
poses, or development and research. Examples of material
3. Terminology
specimens include portions of an end-use product or the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
various components used in the end-use product.
method, refer to Terminology E176.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard.
3.2.1 effective heat of combustion, n—the measured heat
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the
release divided by the mass loss for a specified time period.
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
3.2.2 heating flux, n—the incident flux imposed externally
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
from the heater on the specimen at the initiation of the test.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.05.
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Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.21 on Smoke and Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.
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Combustion Products. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
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Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2003. Published April 2003. Originally Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street,
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published as E1354–90. Last previous edition E1354–02d . 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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