ASTM D4497-94(2004)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Open Time of Hot Melt Adhesives (Manual Method)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the manual determination of the open-time range of hot-melt adhesives under the stated conditions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2004
• Technical Committee: D10 - Packaging
• Drafting Committee: D10.14 - Tape and Labels

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4497-94(1999) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Open Time of Hot Melt Adhesives (Manual Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM D4497-94(2004)e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Open Time of Hot Melt Adhesives (Manual Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D6465-99(2016) - Standard Guide for Selecting Aerospace and General Purpose Adhesives and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4497 – 94 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Open Time of Hot Melt Adhesives (Manual
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope using a heated film applicator on one surface. The bonded
specimens are examined later to determine the longest time
1.1 This test method covers the manual determination of the
period, between application of the adhesive to one surface and
open-time range of hot-melt adhesives under the stated condi-
mating with a second surface, which allows substantial bond-
tions.
ing.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for
5. Significance and Use
information only.
5.1 This test method allows comparing the open time of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
several hot melt adhesives.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.2 This test method is not intended to provide the open-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
time observed for a specific adhesive in a specific manufactur-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ing operation. This test method can be used to compare the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
performance of adhesives which are represented to be identical
2. Referenced Documents or to rank the open-time of a group of hot melt adhesives.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Apparatus
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
6.1 Oven, which meets the precision required by the proce-
E 171 Specification for Standard Atmospheres for Condi-
dure, should be used to heat the adhesive sample and the
tioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Materials
applicator.
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
6.2 Film Applicator—Multiple clearance 0.125 to 1.25 mm
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3
(5 to 50 mil) square P.G. and T. Number 2 Film Applicator
3. Terminology capable of providing an applied film of adhesive having a
nominal width of 50 mm (2 in.).
3.1 Definitions—Several terms in this test method are de-
6.3 Hand Thermometer, preferably metal, capable of mea-
fined in accordance with Terminology D 907.
suring the temperature of the hot-melt with an accuracy of
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
61°C (62°F).
3.2.1 open time, n—the time available between application
6.4 Primary Standard Substrate, 200 by 280 mm (8 by 11
of the adhesive to the first substrate and the mating of the
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in.), NBS Standard Reference Material 1810 (Liner Board).
second substrate which still results in a minimum of 50 % fiber
Substrates are to be conditioned as described in Specification
tear when tested at ambient conditions.
E 171.
4. Summary of Test Method 6.5 Secondary Standard Substrate, 125 mm (5 in.) length in
the material direction cut to 19 mm (0.75 in.) wide, NBS
4.1 In this test method, open time is determined by bonding
3
Standard Reference Material 1810 (Liner Board).
together with the adhesive, pieces of standard paper at intervals
6.6 Glass Beakers (600 mL), for melting the adhesive.
of 5 s sequentially after the molten adhesive has been applied
6.7 Watchglass, to cover beaker.
6.8 Beakers, Tongs, and Protective gloves, for handling hot
vessels and applicators.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
6.9 Transparent Pressure Sensitive Tape.
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.50 on Hot Melts,
Pressure Sensitives, and Archival Adhesives.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published September 2004. Originally
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 4497 – 94 (1999).
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Film Applicator No. 2 is available from Precision Gage and Tool Company, 28
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Volkenand Street, Dayton, OH 45410.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
the ASTM website. Bureau Dr., Stop 3460, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-3460.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 4497 – 94 (2004)
6.10 Stop Watch or Other Timer, graduated to at least 0.5 s.
6.11 Weighted Rectangular Block, having at least one
smooth and flat wood face, 50 by 12.5 mm (2 by 0.5 in.)
...