ASTM D3802-79(2005)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Ball-Pan Hardness of Activated Carbon
Standard Test Method for Ball-Pan Hardness of Activated Carbon
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Several methods have been employed in the past for determining the resistance of activated carbons to particle size degradation under service conditions, including the ball-pan method, the stirring bar method, and the dust elutriation method. None of these has proved completely satisfactory for all applications, and all have been questioned by ASTM Committee D28 on Activated Carbon as tests for establishing degradation resistance. However, the ball-pan method has been used widely in the past and has a broad history in the activated carbon industry for measuring the property loosely described as “hardness.” In this context the test is useful in establishing a measurable characteristic of a carbon. Conceding the fact that the test does not actually measure in-service resistance to degradation, it can be used to establish the comparability of lots ostensibly of the same grade of carbon.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the ball-pan hardness number of granular activated carbons. For the purpose of this test, granular activated carbons are those having particles 90 % of which are larger than 80 mesh (180 m) as determined by Test Method D 2862.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 sibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D3802 – 79 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
1
Ball-Pan Hardness of Activated Carbon
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3802; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 nominal particle size: natural, granular, and irregu-
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the
larly shaped particle carbons—that particle size range, ex-
ball-pan hardness number of granular activated carbons. For
pressed in terms of Specification E11 sieve sizes, whose small
the purpose of this test, granular activated carbons are those
end excludes not more than 5 % of the particle size distribu-
having particles 90 % of which are larger than 80 mesh (180
tion, and whose large end excludes not more than 5 % of the
µm) as determined by Test Method D2862.
distribution, on a weight basis.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2.2 nominal particle size: pelleted carbons—that particle
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
size range, expressed in terms of Specification E11 sieve sizes,
only.
whose small end excludes not more than 10 % of the particle
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
size distribution, and whose large end excludes not more than
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5 % of the distribution, on a weight basis.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.3 small end nominal particle size—that particle size,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
expressed by its equivalent Specification E11 sieve, which
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
defines the excluded portion of the particle size distribution at
2. Referenced Documents its small particle size end in accordance with 3.2.1 or 3.2.2.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Summary of Test Method
B19 Specification for Cartridge Brass Sheet, Strip, Plate,
4.1 Ascreened and weighed sample of the carbon is placed
Bar, and Disks
in a special hardness pan with a number of stainless steel balls,
B150/B150M Specification for Aluminum Bronze Rod,
thensubjectedtoacombinedrotatingandtappingactionfor30
Bar, and Shapes
min. At the end of this period, the amount of particle size
D2652 Terminology Relating to Activated Carbon
degradationisdeterminedbymeasuringthequantityofcarbon,
D2854 Test Method for Apparent Density of Activated
by weight, which is retained on a sieve whose openings are
Carbon
closest to one half the openings of the sieve that defines the
D2862 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Granu-
minimum nominal particle size of the original sample.
lar Activated Carbon
D2867 Test Methods for Moisture in Activated Carbon
5. Significance and Use
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
5.1 Several methods have been employed in the past for
Sieves
determining the resistance of activated carbons to particle size
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
degradation under service conditions, including the ball-pan
3. Terminology method, the stirring bar method, and the dust elutriation
method. None of these has proved completely satisfactory for
3.1 General—Terms applicable to this standard are defined
all applications, and all have been questioned by ASTM
in Terminology D2652.
Committee D28 on Activated Carbon as tests for establishing
degradation resistance. However, the ball-pan method has been
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 on
used widely in the past and has a broad history in the activated
Activated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas
carbon industry for measuring the property loosely described
Phase Evaluation Tests.
as “hardness.” In this context the test is useful in establishing
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D3802 – 79 (1999).
ameasurablecharacteristicofacarbon.Concedingthefactthat
DOI: 10.1520/D3802-79R05.
the test does not actually measure in-service resistance to
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
degradation, it can be used to establish the comparability of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on lots ostensibly of the same grade of carbon.
the ASTM website.
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