ASTM D3466-06(2018)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Ignition Temperature of Granular Activated Carbon
Standard Test Method for Ignition Temperature of Granular Activated Carbon
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Activated carbons used in gas-phase adsorption may be subjected to heating, either from heat applied externally to the carbon bed, or heat generated by radioactive4 contaminants, or by the adsorption process itself. If the application of heat is sudden, or if no ample means to conduct the heat from the carbon bed exists, the carbon bed may ignite. This test method provides a controlled laboratory test to determine the temperatures at which such ignition occurs. As stated in 1.2, this does not necessarily give the temperature at which ignition will occur under a specific bed operating condition. This test method does, however, allow some ranking of carbons with regard to ignition temperature, and is a useful quality control method for unused carbons.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of reference ignition temperature of granular activated carbon in flowing air. This test method provides a basis for comparing the ignition characteristics of different carbons, or the change in ignition characteristics of the same carbon after a period of service.
1.2 The ignition temperature, as determined by this test method, cannot be interpreted as the probable ignition temperature of the same carbon under the operating conditions of a specific application unless those conditions are essentially the same as those in this test method.2 If it is desired to determine the ignition temperature of the carbon under a specific set of operating conditions, the test may be modified to simulate such conditions, taking into consideration the following variables: (1) air flow rate; (2) moisture content of the carbon; (3) bed depth; (4) relative humidity of the air stream; (5) heating rate; (6) contaminants (for example, hydrocarbons, etc.) in the air stream; and (7) contaminants that may have been adsorbed by the carbon under prior service conditions.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3466 − 06 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Ignition Temperature of Granular Activated Carbon
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3466; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This test method covers the determination of reference 2.1 ASTM Standards:
ignition temperature of granular activated carbon in flowing D2652 Terminology Relating to Activated Carbon
air. This test method provides a basis for comparing the D2854 Test Method for Apparent Density of Activated
ignition characteristics of different carbons, or the change in Carbon
ignition characteristics of the same carbon after a period of D3195/D3195M Practice for Rotameter Calibration
service. E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
Sieves
1.2 The ignition temperature, as determined by this test
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
method, cannot be interpreted as the probable ignition tem-
Comparison Techniques
perature of the same carbon under the operating conditions of
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
aspecificapplicationunlessthoseconditionsareessentiallythe
same as those in this test method. If it is desired to determine
3. Terminology
the ignition temperature of the carbon under a specific set of
operating conditions, the test may be modified to simulate such 3.1 Definitions—Terms relating to this test method are
defined in Terminology D2652.
conditions, taking into consideration the following variables:
(1) air flow rate; (2) moisture content of the carbon; (3) bed
4. Summary of Test Method
depth; (4) relative humidity of the air stream; (5) heating rate;
(6) contaminants (for example, hydrocarbons, etc.) in the air
4.1 Asampleofcarbonisexposedtoaheatedairstream,the
stream; and (7) contaminants that may have been adsorbed by
temperature of which is slowly increased until the carbon
the carbon under prior service conditions.
ignites. The temperature of the carbon bed and of the air
entering the bed are recorded, and ignition is defined as the
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
point at which the carbon temperature suddenly rises above the
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
temperature of the air entering the bed.
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 Activated carbons used in gas-phase adsorption may be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- subjected to heating, either from heat applied externally to the
carbon bed, or heat generated by radioactive contaminants, or
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7. by the adsorption process itself. If the application of heat is
sudden, or if no ample means to conduct the heat from the
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- carbon bed exists, the carbon bed may ignite. This test method
provides a controlled laboratory test to determine the tempera-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- tures at which such ignition occurs. As stated in 1.2, this does
not necessarily give the temperature at which ignition will
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. occur under a specific bed operating condition. This test
method does, however, allow some ranking of carbons with
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 on
Activated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Phase Evaluation Tests. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4366 – 06 (2011). the ASTM website.
DOI: 10.1520/D3466-06R18. Milham and Kovoch, “Treatment of Airborne Radioactive Wastes,” Interna-
Suzin, Y., et al., Carbon, Vol 37, 1999, pp. 335–346. tional Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1968 (Paper SM-110/49).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3466 − 06 (2018)
regard to ignition temperature, and is a useful quality control 6.4 Flowmeter, capable of metering air flow rates to
method for unused carbons. 20 L⁄min.
6.5 Heating Mantle, tape, or oven to surround the ignition
6. Apparatus
tube; at least 50 W.
6.1 Quartz Ignition Tube and Sample Holder, as shown in
6.6 Variable Transformer or temperature programmer for
Fig. 1.
heater.
6.2 Thermocouples, Chromel-Alumel with Inconel sheath,
0.635-mm diameter, three required.
6.7 Supply of Compressed Nitrogen.
6.3 Supply of Clean, Dry, Oil-Free Air—The air must be
6.8 QuartzBeads,4mmindiameterorsmaller,asneededto
passed through a HEPA filter and a bed of activated carbon
prevent fluidization.
containing at least 300 mLof carbon per lit
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3466 − 06 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Ignition Temperature of Granular Activated Carbon
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3466; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This test method covers the determination of reference 2.1 ASTM Standards:
ignition temperature of granular activated carbon in flowing D2652 Terminology Relating to Activated Carbon
air. This test method provides a basis for comparing the D2854 Test Method for Apparent Density of Activated
ignition characteristics of different carbons, or the change in Carbon
ignition characteristics of the same carbon after a period of D3195/D3195M Practice for Rotameter Calibration
service. E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
Sieves
1.2 The ignition temperature, as determined by this test
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
method, cannot be interpreted as the probable ignition tem-
Comparison Techniques
perature of the same carbon under the operating conditions of
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
a specific application unless those conditions are essentially the
same as those in this test method. If it is desired to determine
3. Terminology
the ignition temperature of the carbon under a specific set of
3.1 Definitions—Terms relating to this test method are
operating conditions, the test may be modified to simulate such
conditions, taking into consideration the following variables: defined in Terminology D2652.
(1) air flow rate; (2) moisture content of the carbon; (3) bed
4. Summary of Test Method
depth; (4) relative humidity of the air stream; (5) heating rate;
(6) contaminants (for example, hydrocarbons, etc.) in the air
4.1 A sample of carbon is exposed to a heated air stream, the
stream; and (7) contaminants that may have been adsorbed by
temperature of which is slowly increased until the carbon
the carbon under prior service conditions.
ignites. The temperature of the carbon bed and of the air
entering the bed are recorded, and ignition is defined as the
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
point at which the carbon temperature suddenly rises above the
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
temperature of the air entering the bed.
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 5.1 Activated carbons used in gas-phase adsorption may be
subjected to heating, either from heat applied externally to the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. carbon bed, or heat generated by radioactive contaminants, or
by the adsorption process itself. If the application of heat is
Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- sudden, or if no ample means to conduct the heat from the
carbon bed exists, the carbon bed may ignite. This test method
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the provides a controlled laboratory test to determine the tempera-
tures at which such ignition occurs. As stated in 1.2, this does
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical not necessarily give the temperature at which ignition will
occur under a specific bed operating condition. This test
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
method does, however, allow some ranking of carbons with
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 on
Activated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Phase Evaluation Tests. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4366 – 06 (2011). the ASTM website.
DOI: 10.1520/D3466-06R18. Milham and Kovoch, “Treatment of Airborne Radioactive Wastes,” Interna-
Suzin, Y., et al., Carbon, Vol 37, 1999, pp. 335–346. tional Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1968 (Paper SM-110/49).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3466 − 06 (2018)
regard to ignition temperature, and is a useful quality control 6.4 Flowmeter, capable of metering air flow rates to
method for unused carbons.
20 L ⁄min.
6.5 Heating Mantle, tape, or oven to surround the ignition
6. Apparatus
tube; at least 50 W.
6.1 Quartz Ignition Tube and Sample Holder, as shown in
6.6 Variable Transformer or temperature programmer for
Fig. 1.
heater.
6.2 Thermocouples, Chromel-Alumel with Inconel sheath,
0.635-mm diameter, three required.
6.7 Supply of Compressed Nitrogen.
6.3 Supply of Clean, Dry, Oil-Free Air—The air must be
6.8 Quartz Beads, 4 mm in diameter or smaller, as needed to
passed through a HEPA filter and a bed of activated carbon
prevent fluidization.
containing at least 300 mL of carbon per litre per minute of air
flow. Relative humidity of the air must be less than 5 % at 6.9
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3466 − 06 (Reapproved 2011) D3466 − 06 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Ignition Temperature of Granular Activated Carbon
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3466; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of reference ignition temperature of granular activated carbon in flowing air. This
test method provides a basis for comparing the ignition characteristics of different carbons, or the change in ignition characteristics
of the same carbon after a period of service.
1.2 The ignition temperature, as determined by this test method, cannot be interpreted as the probable ignition temperature of
the same carbon under the operating conditions of a specific application unless those conditions are essentially the same as those
in this test method. If it is desired to determine the ignition temperature of the carbon under a specific set of operating conditions,
the test may be modified to simulate such conditions, taking into consideration the following variables: (1) air flow rate; (2)
moisture content of the carbon; (3) bed depth; (4) relative humidity of the air stream; (5) heating rate; (6) contaminants (for
example, hydrocarbons, etc.) in the air stream; and (7) contaminants that may have been adsorbed by the carbon under prior service
conditions.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2652 Terminology Relating to Activated Carbon
D2854 Test Method for Apparent Density of Activated Carbon
D3195D3195/D3195M Practice for Rotameter Calibration
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terms relating to this test method are defined in Terminology D2652.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A sample of carbon is exposed to a heated air stream, the temperature of which is slowly increased until the carbon ignites.
The temperature of the carbon bed and of the air entering the bed are recorded, and ignition is defined as the point at which the
carbon temperature suddenly rises above the temperature of the air entering the bed.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 on Activated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas Phase
Evaluation Tests.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011June 1, 2018. Published May 2011June 2018. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
D4366 – 06.D4366 – 06 (2011). DOI: 10.1520/D3466-06R11.10.1520/D3466-06R18.
SuzinY., SuzinY., et al., Carbon37 (, Vol 37, 1999),, pp. 335–346.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3466 − 06 (2018)
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Activated carbons used in gas-phase adsorption may be subjected to heating, either from heat applied externally to the
carbon bed, or heat generated by radioactive contaminants, or by the adsorption process itself. If the application of heat is sudden,
or if no ample means to conduct the heat from the carbon bed exists, the carbon bed may ignite. This test method provides a
controlled laboratory test to determine the temperatures at which such ignition occurs. As stated in 1.2, this does not necessarily
give the temperature at which ignition will occur under a specific bed operating condition. This test method does, however, allow
some ranking of carbons with regard to ignition temperature, and is a useful quality-control quality control method for unused
carbons.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Quartz Ignition Tube and Sample Holder, as shown in Fig. 1.
6.2 Thermocouples, Chromel-Alumel with Inconel sheath, 0.635-mm diameter, three required.
6.3 Supply of Clean, Dry, Oil-Free Air—The air must be passed through a HEPA filter and a bed of activated carbon containing
at least 300 mL of carbon per litre per minute of air flow. Relative humidity of the air must be less than 5 % at 25°C.25 °C.
FIG. 1 Ignition Tube and Sample Assembly
Milham and Kovoch, “Treatment of Airborne Radioactive Wastes,” International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1968 (Paper SM-110/49).
D3466 − 06 (2018)
6.4 Flowmeter, capable of metering air flow rates to 20 20 L L/min.⁄min.
6.5 Heating Mantle, tape, or oven to surround the ignitio
...
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