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ASTM D6184-14

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Oil Separation from Lubricating Grease (Conical Sieve Method)

Standard Test Method for Oil Separation from Lubricating Grease (Conical Sieve Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 When lubricating grease separates oil, the residual material may change in consistency, which can affect the ability of the product to function as designed. Test results obtained with this procedure are not intended to predict oil separation tendencies of grease under dynamic service conditions.  
5.2 This test method is used for specifications and quality control.
Note 1: No data have been developed to compare results between this test method and Test Method D1742.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tendency of lubricating grease to separate oil at an elevated temperature. This test method shall be conducted at 100°C for 30 h unless other conditions are required by the grease specification.  
1.2 This test method is suitable for use with most all greases, but the test precision was established using greases having a worked penetration (Test Methods D217) greater than 220 (NLGI No. 3 grade) and less than 340 (NLGI No. 1 grade).  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The term 60 mesh was originally described in the now withdrawn E437 standard. It is used to describe the wire mesh because there is no exact metric equivalent.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2014
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.G0.03 - Physical Tests
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6184-98(2005) - Standard Test Method for Oil Separation from Lubricating Grease (Conical Sieve Method) (Withdrawn 2014)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2014
Replaced By
ASTM D6184-16 - Standard Test Method for Oil Separation from Lubricating Grease (Conical Sieve Method)
Effective Date
01-Sep-2016

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ASTM D6184-14 - Standard Test Method for Oil Separation from Lubricating Grease (Conical Sieve Method)ASTM D6184-14 - Standard Test Method for Oil Separation from Lubricating Grease (Conical Sieve Method)
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ASTM D6184-14 - Standard Test Method for Oil Separation from Lubricating Grease (Conical Sieve Method)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6184 − 14
StandardTest Method for
Oil Separation from Lubricating Grease (Conical Sieve
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6184; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
The conical sieve method for measuring leakage from lubricating grease (commonly known as the
cone bleed test) uses the same equipment as the now obsolete and withdrawn Federal Test Method
(FTM) 791C Method 321.3, Oil Separation from Lubricating Grease (Static Technique). Despite the
lack of a precision statement, Method 321.3 had been used for many years in military and industrial
grease specifications to determine fluid separation tendencies from greases. Test Method D6184
overcomes the deficiencies of Method 321.3. It reflects the procedures and precision determinations
used in a cooperative study in Subcommittee D02.G0 of Committee D02 and supersedes the FTM
method.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ten- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
dency of lubricating grease to separate oil at an elevated D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
temperature. This test method shall be conducted at 100°C for Grease
30 h unless other conditions are required by the grease D1742 Test Method for Oil Separation from Lubricating
specification. Grease During Storage
E437 Specification for Industrial Wire Cloth and Screens
1.2 This test method is suitable for use with most all
(Square Opening Series) (Discontinued 2000) Replaced
greases, but the test precision was established using greases
3
by E 2016 (Withdrawn 2000)
having a worked penetration (Test Methods D217) greater than
2.2 Withdrawn Government Standard:
220(NLGINo.3grade)andlessthan340(NLGINo.1grade).
Federal Test Method (FTM) 791C Method 321.3, Oil
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Separation from Lubricating Greases (Static Method)—
4
standard. The term 60 mesh was originally described in the
Withdrawn 2007
now withdrawn E437 standard. It is used to describe the wire
3. Terminology
mesh because there is no exact metric equivalent.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility 3.1.1 lubricating grease, n—a semifluid to solid product of
a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita- 3.1.1.1 Discussion—The dispersion of the thickener forms a
two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by
tions prior to use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Subcommittee D02.G0.03 on Physical Tests the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published February 2015. Originally The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6184 – 98 (2005), www.astm.org.
4
which was withdrawn in July 2014 and reinstated in December 2014. DOI: AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
10.1520/D6184-14. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6184 − 14
NOTE 1—Dimensions are provided in millimetres (with in./lb. units in parentheses) as follows:
A – 38.1 ± 0.3 (1.50 ± 0.01) radius
B – 27.0 ± 0.3 (1.06 ± 0.01) height
C – 70 (2.8) approximately (to fit beaker)
D – 9.7 ± 3.3 (0.38 ± 0.13) length
E – 100 (4) approximately
F – 36 (1.4) approximately
FIG. 1 Cone Fabrication and Test Setup
surface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients 5.2 This test method is used for specifications and quality
imparting special properties are often included. D217 control.
3.1.2 oil separation, n—the appearance of a liquid fraction
NOTE 1—No data have been developed to compare results between this
from an otherwise homogeneous lubricating composition.
test method and Test Method D1742.
D1742
6. Apparatus
3.1.3 thickener, n—in a lubricating
...

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ASTM D6792-23c(Practice)
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5.1 The bromine number is useful as a measure of aliphatic unsaturation in petroleum samples. When used in conjunction with the calculation procedure described in Annex A2, it can be used to estimate the percentage of olefins in petroleum distillates boiling up to approximately 315 °C (600 °F).  
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1.1.2 Commercial olefins that are essentially mixtures of aliphatic mono-olefins and that fall within the range of 95 to 165 bromine number (see Note 1). This test method has been found suitable for such materials as commercial propylene trimer and tetramer, butene dimer, and mixed nonenes, octenes, and heptenes. This test method is not satisfactory for normal alpha-olefins.  
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1.2 The magnitude of the bromine number is an indication of the quantity of bromine-reactive constituents, not an identification of constituents; therefore, its application as a measure of olefinic unsaturation should not be undertaken without the study given in Annex A1.  
1.3 For petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures of bromine number less than 1.0, a more precise measure for bromine-reactive constituents can be obtained by using Test Method D2710. If the bromine number is less than 0.5, then Test Method D2710 or the comparable bromine index methods for industrial aromatic hydrocarbons, Test Methods D1492 or D5776 must be used in accordance with their respective scopes. The practice of using a factor of 1000 to convert bromine number to bromine index is not applicable for these lower values of bromine number.  
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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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5.3 Procedures A, B, C, and D of this test method describe how to measure apparent viscosity directly without the errors associated with earlier techniques that extrapolated experimental viscometric data obtained at higher temperatures.
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1.1 This test method covers the use of rotational viscometers with an appropriate torque range and specific spindle for the determination of the low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, hydraulic fluids, and some lubricants. This test method covers the viscosity range of 300 mPa·s to 900 000 mPa·s  
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1.4.2 The viscosity data used for Procedure D precision study was from 6400 mPa·s to 256 000 mPa·s at test temperatures of –26 °C and –40 °C.  
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5.1 This test simulates a type of severe field service in which corrosion-promoting moisture in the form of condensed water vapor accumulates in the axle assembly. This may happen as a result of volume expansion and contraction of the axle lubricant and the accompanied breathing in of moisture-laden air through the axle vent. The test screens lubricants for their ability to prevent the expected corrosion.  
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1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining a lubricating grease's coefficient of friction and its ability to protect against wear when subjected to high-frequency, linear-oscillation motion using an SRV test machine at a test load of 200 N, frequency of 50 Hz, stroke amplitude of 1.00 mm, duration of 2 h, and temperature within the range of the test machine, specifically, ambient to 280 °C. Other test loads (10 N to 1200 N for SRVI-model, 10 N to 1400 N for SRVII-model, and 10 N to 2000 N for SRVIII-model), frequencies (5 Hz to 500 Hz) and stroke amplitudes (0.1 mm up to 4.0 mm) can be used, if specified. The precision of this test method is based on the stated parameters and test temperatures of 50 °C and 80 °C. Average wear scar dimensions on ball and coefficient of friction are determined and reported.
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5.1 Periodic sampling and analysis of lubricants have long been used as a means to determine overall machinery health. Atomic emission (AE) and atomic absorption (AA) spectroscopy are often employed for wear metal analysis (for example, Test Method D5185). A number of physical property tests complement wear metal analysis and are used to provide information on lubricant condition (for example, Test Methods D445, D2896, and D6304). Molecular analysis of lubricants and hydraulic fluids by FT-IR spectroscopy produces direct information on molecular species of interest, including additives, fluid breakdown products and external contaminants, and thus complements wear metal and other analyses used in a condition monitoring program (1, 2-6).
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1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness, and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature.  
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1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility only. Because seals might be subjected to static or dynamic loads, or both, and they can operate over a range of conditions, a complete evaluation of the potential sealing performance of any elastomer-oil combination in any service condition usually requires tests additional to those described in this test method.  
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Note 2: In such cases, the precision and bias statement in Section 12 does not apply. In addition to agreeing acceptable limits of precision, where relevant, the user and supplier should also agree:  (1) test temperatures and immersion times to be used; (2) the formulations and typical properties of the elastomers; and (3) the sourcing and quality control of the elastomer sheets.
Note 3: The TMC may also issue In...

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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off