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ASTM D800-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods of Chemical Analysis of Industrial Metal Cleaning Compositions

Standard Test Methods of Chemical Analysis of Industrial Metal Cleaning Compositions

ABSTRACT
These test methods describe the procedures for the chemical analysis of industrial metal cleaning compositions in solid, paste, or liquid form. These cleaning compositions may contain caustic alkalies, silicates, phosphates, chromates, carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, sulfates, sulfites, nitrates, chlorides, soaps, rosin, sulfonated wetting agents, anti-foaming agents, organic bases, organic solvents, organic coupling agents, and sometimes inorganic acid salts or organic acids. Percentage of total sodium oxide, percentage of potassium oxide, percentage of free sodium hydroxide, percentage of water, percentage of losses, percentage of matter insoluble in alcohol, percentage of fatty acids, percentage of rosin, percentage of synthetic detergent or wetting agent, percentage of silica, percentage of phosphorus pentoxide, percentage of carbon dioxide, percentage of sodium chloride, percentage of sodium sulfate, and percentage of volatile hydrocarbons test methods shall be performed to conform with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe the procedures for the chemical analysis of industrial metal cleaning compositions in solid, paste, or liquid form. These cleaning compositions may contain caustic alkalies, silicates, phosphates, chromates, carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, sulfates, sulfites, nitrates, chlorides, soaps, rosin, sulfonated wetting agents, anti-foaming agents, organic bases, organic solvents, organic coupling agents, and sometimes inorganic acid salts or organic acids. Occasionally, such cleaning compositions may contain sulfonated oils; in such cases, reference should be made to Method D 500. The examination under a low power microscope or magnifying glass, supplemented by a few qualitative tests, will often indicate the number of components and their identity.
1.2 The analytical methods appear in the following order:SectionPreparation of Sample4Total Alkalinity as Na2O5-8Total Fatty Acids (and Rosin)9 and 10Na2O Combined with Fatty Acids (and Rosin)11 and 12Anhydrous Soap13-Rosin (McNicoll Test Method):Qualitative14 and 15Quantitative16-19Total Silica Calculated as SiO220-23Phosphates:Qualitative24 and 25Quantitative26-18Combined Sodium and Potassium Oxides34-37Chlorides38-40Sulfates41-43Water, Distillation Test Method44-47Carbon Dioxide by Evolution-Absorption Test Method48-52Loss at 105C53 and 54Total Matter Insoluble in Alcohol55-57Free Alkali58-60Synthetic Detergent or Wetting Agent61 and 62Volatile Hydrocarbons63-67Loss on Ignition68 and 69Report70 and 71
1.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage. See for a specific hazards statement.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2005
ICS
71.100.40 - Surface active agents
Technical Committee
D12 - Soaps and Other Detergents
Drafting Committee
D12.12 - Analysis and Specifications of Soaps, Synthetics, Detergents and their Components
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D800-91(1997) - Standard Test Methods of Chemical Analysis of Industrial Metal Cleaning Compositions
Effective Date
01-May-2005

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ASTM D800-05 - Standard Test Methods of Chemical Analysis of Industrial Metal Cleaning Compositions
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D800 − 05
StandardTest Methods of
Chemical Analysis of Industrial Metal Cleaning
1
Compositions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
Volatile Hydrocarbons 63-67
Loss on Ignition 68 and 69
1.1 These test methods describe the procedures for the
Report 70 and 71
chemical analysis of industrial metal cleaning compositions in
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
solid, paste, or liquid form. These cleaning compositions may
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
contain caustic alkalies, silicates, phosphates, chromates,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, sulfates, sulfites, nitrates,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
chlorides, soaps, rosin, sulfonated wetting agents, anti-foaming
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety
agents, organic bases, organic solvents, organic coupling
Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review
agents, and sometimes inorganic acid salts or organic acids.
them for hazards prior to usage. See 6.1 for a specific hazards
Occasionally, such cleaning compositions may contain sul-
statement.
fonated oils; in such cases, reference should be made to
MethodD500.Theexaminationunderalowpowermicroscope
2. Referenced Documents
or magnifying glass, supplemented by a few qualitative tests, 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
will often indicate the number of components and their
D500 Test Methods of ChemicalAnalysis of Sulfonated and
identity.
Sulfated Oils
1.2 The analytical methods appear in the following order:
D841 Specification for Nitration Grade Toluene
D843 Specification for Nitration Grade Xylene
Section
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
Preparation of Sample 4
Total Alkalinity as Na O 5-8
2
3. Purity of Reagents and Materials
Total Fatty Acids (and Rosin) 9 and 10
Na O Combined with Fatty Acids (and Rosin) 11 and 12
2
3.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
Anhydrous Soap 13
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
—Rosin (McNicoll Test Method):
Qualitative 14 and 15 all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
Quantitative 16-19
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
Total Silica Calculated as SiO 20-23
3
2
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
Phosphates:
Qualitative 24 and 25 used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
Quantitative 26-18
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
Combined Sodium and Potassium Oxides 34-37
accuracy of the determination.
Chlorides 38-40
Sulfates 41-43
3.2 Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be
Water, Distillation Test Method 44-47
understood to mean reagent water conforming to Specification
Carbon Dioxide by Evolution-Absorption Test Method 48-52
Loss at 105°C 53 and 54
D1193.
Total Matter Insoluble in Alcohol 55-57
Free Alkali 58-60
Synthetic Detergent or Wetting Agent 61 and 62
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on the ASTM website.
3
Soaps and Other Detergents and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
D12.12 on Analysis and Specifications of Soaps, Synthetics, Detergents and their Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Components. listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D800 – 91(1997). and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
DOI: 10.1520/D0800-05. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D800 − 05
4. Preparation of Sample
B = millilitres of 0.5 N NaOH solution, and
W = grams of sample used.
4.1 Samples of metal cleaning compositions shall be well
mixed. Excessive exposure to the
...

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Standard Test Methods of Chemical Analysis of Sulfonated and Sulfated Oils

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These test methods cover the chemical analysis of sulfonated and sulfated oils. Water by distillation with volatile solvent and moisture and volatile matter by hot-plate shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. Titration test, extraction-titration test, and ash-gravimetric test shall be performed to meet the requirements specified. Total desulfated fatty matter, total active ingredients, unsaponifiable non-volatile matter, inorganic salts, total alkalinity, and total ammonia shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. In the absence of ammonium or triethanolamine soaps test method, brine test method, and in the presence of ammonium or triethanolamine soaps test method shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed. Water-immiscible organic solvents volatile with steam shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
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1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of sulfonated and sulfated oils. The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Section  
Moisture:  
Test Method A. Water by Distillation with Volatile Solvent  
4 – 9  
Test Method B. Moisture and Volatile Matter by Hot-Plate Method  
10 – 14  
Organically Combined Sulfuric Anhydride:  
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37 – 41  
Inorganic Salts  
42 – 46  
Total Alkalinity  
47 – 49  
Total Ammonia  
50 – 52  
Acidity as Free Fatty Acids or Acid Number:  
Test Method A. In the Absence of Ammonium or Triethanolamine Soaps  
53 – 56  
Test Method B. In the Presence of Dark Colored Oils but in the
Absence of Ammonium or Triethanolamine Soaps (Brine Test)  
57 – 60  
Test Method C. In the Presence of Ammonium or Triethanolamine Soaps  
61 – 63  
Water-Immiscible Organic Solvents Volatile with Steam  
64 – 70  
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ABSTRACT
These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents. These detergents include caustic soda, soda ash, modified soda (sequicarbonate type), sodium bicarbonate, sodium metasilicate, trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, borax, and sodium triphosphate. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following properties of the detergents: total alkalinity, matter insoluble in water content, apparent density, ignition loss, pH level, turbidity, temperature rise, and particle size. Chemical analysis of the samples shall be performed by using either reverse-flow ion-exchange chromatography or paper chromatography.
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1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents.  
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Sections  
Caustic Soda:  
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5  
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)  
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Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)  
9 – 11  
Carbonate as Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)  
12  
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) by the Evolution Method  
13 – 16  
Soda Ash:  
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17  
Matter Volatile at 150 °C to 155 °C  
18 and 19  
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3 )  
20 – 22  
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)  
23 – 25  
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) by Potentiometric Titration  
26 – 28  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
29 and 30  
Apparent Density  
31 and 32  
Modified Soda (Sequicarbonate Type):  
Sampling  
33  
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)  
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Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)  
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Matter Insoluble in Water  
40  
Sodium Bicarbonate:  
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Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Carbonate, and Free Moisture  
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Matter Insoluble in Water  
46  
Sodium Metasilicate, Sodium Sesquisilicate and Sodium Orthosil- icate:  
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Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)  
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Total Silica as SiO2  
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Sodium Metasilicate (Na2SiO3·5H2O)  
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Matter Insoluble in Water  
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Loss on Ignition of Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na2O·2SiO2 ·11H2O)  
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Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate
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Loss on Ignition  
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Total Borate and Excess Alkalinity or Acidity  
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pH Titration  
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pH of 1 percent Solution  
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Turbidity  
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Temperature Rise  
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Sulfate  
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Ignition Loss  
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Matter Insoluble in Water  
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Particle Size  
145  
Orthophosphate  
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1.1 These test methods cover the sampling and chemical analysis of paste, powder, or liquid detergent fatty alkyl sulfates.  
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Sections  
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Sections  
Ester SO3:  
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3.1 The cloud point temperature is a reproducible characteristic of certain  pure  nonionic surfactants. It is also characteristic of certain nonionic surfactant formulated systems. This test method is appropriate for both systems.
Note 1: If the transition from a distinctly cloudy to a clear solution is not sharp, that is, if it does not take place within a range of 1 °C, this test method is not appropriate.
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1.1 This test method covers a procedure to determine the “cloud point” of nonionic surfactants or detergent systems. Cloud Point is the temperature at which dissolved components (solids or liquids) are no longer completely soluble, precipating as a second phase giving the fluid a cloudy appearance. It is limited to those surfactants and detergent systems for which the visible solubility change occurs over a range of 1 °C or less at concentrations of 0.5 % to 1.0 % in DI water between 30 °C and 95 °C.  
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These test methods detail the standard procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents. The analytical procedures include the determination of the following chemical properties and substances: moisture and other matter volatile at a specified temperature; free alkali or free acid; anhydrous, salt-free soda soap; alcohol-soluble matter; matter insoluble in water; total alkalinity of matter insoluble in alcohol (alkaline salts); sodium silicate; phosphates; phosphates by colorimetric method using molybdenum blue); unsaponified and unsaponifiable matter; free fatty matter; chlorides in alcohol-soluble matter; rosin by McNicoll method; synthetic detergent by difference; and neutral inorganic salts.
SCOPE
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Total Alkalinity of Matter Insoluble in Alcohol (Alkaline Salts)  
16 and 17  
Sodium Silicate  
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Phosphates  
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Phosphate (Colorimetric Method Using Molybdenum Blue)  
29 – 34  
Unsaponified and Unsaponifiable Matter  
35 – 39  
Free Fatty Matter  
40  
Chlorides in Alcohol-Soluble Matter  
41 – 43  
Rosin (McNicoll Method)  
44 – 47  
Synthetic Detergent (by Difference)  
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Neutral, Inorganic Salts  
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This test method covers the determination of foaming properties of surface-active agents. Glass tubing apparatus for this test method shall include pipet and a receiver. Apparatus requirements like dimensions, shape, calibration marks, rubber stoppers, etc., shall conform to the specifications as indicated in this standard method. Test solution preparation shall include water preheating, adding the surface-active agent while stirring, and solution aging. Test procedure for foaming properties determination shall be done while surface-active solution is aging as indicated in this standard test method. Report shall include test solution concentration, temperature, water hardness, and foam height.
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5.4 It is not intended for the evaluation of products or conditions normally associated with commercial laundering or dry cleaning establishments.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a guide for evaluating stain removal performance of home laundry products or home laundering conditions. It provides guidance for the selection, preparation, application, and examination of various types of stains on test fabrics that are subjected to controlled but practical stain removal treatment conditions.  
1.2 There is no single combination of stain and fabric that will predict the overall performance of a product or treatment method. A single test, even with a variety of stains/fabrics, can only predict how products or treatment methods compare under the particular conditions chosen for evaluations. A series of assessments is necessary to evaluate the many aspects of stain removal performance and to simulate consumer experience more closely.  
1.3 In this guide, the use of both traditional top-loader washing machines as well as front and top-loading high-efficiency washers is addressed.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4008-19(Guide)
Standard Guide for Measuring Anti-Soil Deposition Properties of Laundry Detergents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The guide can be used to compare anti-redeposition performance of products; however, there is no confirmed basis for correlation of this controlled laboratory technique with consumers’ ranking of anti-redeposition performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides direction for measuring the ability of detergents to prevent the deposition of soils from detergent solutions onto fabrics. It is intended as a laboratory screening test to aid in the formulation of detergent products, for quality control, and as a basis between the purchaser and seller in standardizing specific products' performance.  
1.2 The anti-soil deposition performance of detergent products will vary greatly depending on the type of soils and fabrics used in the test. Therefore, selection of the soils, fabrics, reference detergents, and test conditions shall be made by agreement between the interested parties on the basis of experience.  
1.3 There is no single or combination of oily soils or particulate soils, or both, that will precisely predict overall the performance of a product or treatment with respect to anti-redeposition as perceived by a consumer. This guide is intended to assess or compare detergent performance with respect to the anti-redeposition performance for the specific soil chosen.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material safety data sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Guide
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