ASTM E23-01a

Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe notched-bar impact testing of metallic materials by the Charpy (simple-beam) test and the Izod (cantilever-beam) test. They give the requirements for: test specimens, test procedures, test reports, test machines (see Annex A1) verifying Charpy impact machines (see Annex A2), optional test specimen configurations (see Annex A3), precracking Charpy V-notch specimens (see Annex A4), designation of test specimen orientation (see Annex A5), and determining the percent of shear fracture on the surface of broken impact specimens (see Annex A6). In addition, information is provided on the significance of notched-bar impact testing (see Appendix X1), methods of measuring the center of strike (see Appendix X2), and the availability of Charpy V-notch verification specimens (see Appendix X3).
1.2 These test methods do not address the problems associated with impact testing at temperatures below -196 °C (-320 °F, 77 °K).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 5.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-2002
• Technical Committee: E28 - Mechanical Testing
• Drafting Committee: E28.07 - Impact Testing

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E23-01 - Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E1823-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E636-20 - Standard Guide for Conducting Supplemental Surveillance Tests for Nuclear Power Reactor Vessels
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B752/B752M-22 - Standard Specification for Castings, Zirconium-Base, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B846-19a - Standard Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E185-21 - Standard Practice for Design of Surveillance Programs for Light-Water Moderated Nuclear Power Reactor Vessels
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E2215-19 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Surveillance Capsules from Light-Water Moderated Nuclear Power Reactor Vessels
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM A897/A897M-22 - Standard Specification for Austempered Ductile Iron Castings
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM A571/A571M-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F3607-22 - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing – Finished Part Properties – Maraging Steel via Powder Bed Fusion
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM A1058-19 - Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products—Metric
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM A354-17e2 - Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM A716-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Culvert Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM A746-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Gravity Sewer Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B85/B85M-18e1 - Standard Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Die Castings
• Effective Date: 10-May-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: E 23 – 01a
Standard Test Methods for
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Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 23; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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1. Scope Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E 1271 Practice for Qualifying Charpy Verification Speci-
1.1 These test methods describe notched-bar impact testing
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mens of Heat-treated Steel
of metallic materials by the Charpy (simple-beam) test and the
E 1313 Guide for Recommended Formats for Data Records
Izod (cantilever-beam) test. They give the requirements for:
Used in Computerization of Mechanical Test Data for
test specimens, test procedures, test reports, test machines (see
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Metals
Annex A1) verifying Charpy impact machines (see Annex A2),
optional test specimen configurations (see Annex A3), pre-
3. Summary of Test Method
cracking Charpy V-notch specimens (see Annex A4), designa-
3.1 The essential features of an impact test are: a suitable
tion of test specimen orientation (see Annex A5), and deter-
specimen (specimens of several different types are recognized),
mining the percent of shear fracture on the surface of broken
an anvil and specimen support assembly on which the test
impact specimens (see Annex A6). In addition, information is
specimen is placed to receive the blow of the moving mass, a
provided on the significance of notched-bar impact testing (see
moving mass that has sufficient energy to break the specimen
Appendix X1), methods of measuring the center of strike (see
placed in its path, and a device for measuring the energy
Appendix X2), and the availability of Charpy V-notch verifi-
absorbed by the broken specimen.
cation specimens (see Appendix X3).
1.2 These test methods do not address the problems associ-
4. Significance and Use
ated with impact testing at temperatures below –196 °C (–320
4.1 These test methods of impact testing relate specifically
°F, 77 °K).
to the behavior of metal when subjected to a single application
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
of a force resulting in multi-axial stresses associated with a
standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information only.
notch, coupled with high rates of loading and in some cases
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
with high or low temperatures. For some materials and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
temperatures the results of impact tests on notched specimens,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
when correlated with service experience, have been found to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
predict the likelihood of brittle fracture accurately. Further
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
information on significance appears in Appendix X1.
tionary statements are given in Section 5.
5. Precautions in Operation of Machine
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Safety precautions should be taken to protect personnel
2.1 ASTM Standards:
from the swinging pendulum, flying broken specimens, and
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
hazards associated with specimen warming and cooling media.
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ASTM Test Methods
E 399 Test Method for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of
6. Apparatus
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Metallic Materials
6.1 General Requirements:
E 604 Test Method for Dynamic Tear Energy of Metallic
6.1.1 The testing machine shall be a pendulum type of rigid
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Materials
construction.
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
6.1.2 The testing machine shall be designed and built to
conform with the requirements given in Annex A1.
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6.2 Inspection and Verification
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on
Mechanical Testing and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.07 on
6.2.1 Inspection procedures to verify impact machines di-
Impact Testing.
rectly are provided in A2.2 and A2.3. The items listed in A2.2
Current edition approved Dec 10, 2001. Published February 2002. Originally
published as E 23 – 33 T. Last previous edition E 23 – 01.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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must be inspected annually. 7.1.5 The specimens commonly found suitable for pow-
6.2.2 The procedu
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