ASTM D2883-95(2005)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Reaction Threshold Temperature of Liquid and Solid Materials
Standard Test Method for Reaction Threshold Temperature of Liquid and Solid Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The reaction thresholds of a material are a measure of the tendency of the material or its decomposition products to undergo gas phase reactions of various types. Hot-flame and cool-flame thresholds relate directly to reactions which are involved in autoignition phenomena. Pre-flame, catalytic and thermal polymerization thresholds also relate to autoignition in that they represent reactions which can be under some conditions the precursors of ignition reactions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the pre-flame, cool-flame, and hot-flame reaction threshold temperatures and the incipient reaction temperature of liquids and solids. Data may be obtained at pressures from low vacuum to 0.8 MPa (115 psia) for temperatures within the range from room temperature to 925 K (1200oF).
1.2 This test method may be applied to any substance that is a liquid or a solid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and that, at room temperature, is compatible with glass and stainless steel. Air is the intended oxidizing medium; however, other media may be substituted provided appropriate precautions are taken for their safe use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. In cases where materials, products, or equipment are available in inch-pound units only, SI units are omitted.
1.4 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.8, Sections 7 and 9.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D2883 – 95 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Reaction Threshold Temperature of Liquid and Solid
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Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2883; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This test method covers determination of the pre-flame, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
cool-flame, and hot-flame reaction threshold temperatures and D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
the incipient reaction temperature of liquids and solids. Data D2021 Specification for Neutral Detergent, 40 Percent
may be obtained at pressures from low vacuum to 0.8 MPa Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Type
(115 psia) for temperatures within the range from room E659 Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of Liquid
temperature to 925 K (1200°F). Chemicals
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1.2 Thistestmethodmaybeappliedtoanysubstancethatis 2.2 Military Standards:
a liquid or a solid at room temperature and atmospheric MIL-C-81302 Trichlorotrifluoroethane
pressure and that, at room temperature, is compatible with MIL-T-7003 Trichloroethylene
glass and stainless steel.Air is the intended oxidizing medium;
3. Terminology
however, other media may be substituted provided appropriate
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
precautions are taken for their safe use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 3.1.1 catalytic reaction, n—afast,self-sustaining,energetic,
sometimesluminous,sometimesaudiblereactionthatoccursas
standard. In cases where materials, products, or equipment are
available in inch-pound units only, SI units are omitted. a result of catalytic action on the surface of the thermocouple
or other solid surface within the combustion chamber.
1.4 This standard should be used to measure and describe
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response 3.1.2 cool-flame reaction, n—a relatively slow, self-
sustaining, barely luminous reaction of the sample or its
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
decompositionproductswiththeatmosphereinthecombustion
should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or
fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire chamber.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—This type of flame is visible only in a
conditions. However, results of this test may be used as
elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all darkened area. Figs. 1-4 illustrate the type of temperature
records obtained for cool-flames.
of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire
hazard of a particular end use. 3.1.3 hot-flame reaction, n—a rapid, self-sustaining, lumi-
nous, sometimes audible reaction of the sample or its decom-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the position products with the atmosphere in the combustion
chamber.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.1.3.1 Discussion—Ayellow or blue flame usually accom-
panies the reaction. Figs. 5-7 illustrate the type of temperature
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
statements, see 6.8, Sections 7 and 9. records obtained for hot-flames.
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This test method is under the jursidiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
D02.11 on Engineering Sciences of High Performance Fluids and Solids. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originally the ASTM website.
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approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D2883–95(2000) . AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg4,SectionD,700
DOI: 10.1520/D2883-95R05. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094. Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2883 – 95 (2005)
FIG. 1 Time-Temperature Profile for Typical Cool-Flame Reactions
FIG. 2 Time-Temperature Profile for Typical Cool-Flame Reactions
FIG. 3 Time-Temperature Profile for Typical Cool-Flame Reactions
3.1.4 incipient reaction temperature, n—the temperature shall be regarded as the primary source of such data. The use
obtained by extrapolation of a plot of the reciprocal of the ofapress
...
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