ASTM E790-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Residual Moisture in a Refuse-Derived Fuel Analysis Sample
Standard Test Method for Residual Moisture in a Refuse-Derived Fuel Analysis Sample
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The treatment of the sample as specified herein is intended for the purpose of determining the residual moisture present in an analysis sample of RDF.
The residual moisture value is used to convert as-determined analyses such as gross heating value, sulfur, and ash to a dry sample basis.
SCOPE
DESIG: E 790 08 ^TITLE: Standard Test Method for Residual Moisture in a Refuse-Derived Fuel Analysis Sample ^SIGNUSE:
The treatment of the sample as specified herein is intended for the purpose of determining the residual moisture present in an analysis sample of RDF.
The residual moisture value is used to convert as-determined analyses such as gross heating value, sulfur, and ash to a dry sample basis. ^SCOPE:
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the residual moisture in an analysis sample of RDF. It is used to calculate to the dry basis other determinations performed on the analysis sample. It is used with the air-dry moisture results to calculate total moisture (Note 1). The total moisture is used to calculate as-received values or other analyses performed on the sample.
Note 1—In some instances RDF moisture may change during the size-reduction steps of the analysis sample preparation procedure. This moisture change, unless suitable corrections are made, will affect the accuracy of the total moisture value as calculated from the air-dry and residual moisture results.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific precautionary information see Section 7.
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Designation: E790 − 08
StandardTest Method for
Residual Moisture in a Refuse-Derived Fuel Analysis
1
Sample
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E790; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the residual 3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to
moisture in an analysis sample of RDF. It is used to calculate Terminology D5681.
to the dry basis other determinations performed on the analysis
4. Summary of Test Method
sample. It is used with the air-dry moisture results to calculate
total moisture (Note 1). The total moisture is used to calculate
4.1 This test method is based on the loss in weight of an
as-received values or other analyses performed on the sample.
air-dried analysis sample of RDF under rigidly controlled
conditions of temperature, time, and air flow.
NOTE 1—In some instances RDF moisture may change during the
size-reduction steps of the analysis sample preparation procedure. This
4.2 The total moisture is calculated from the loss or gain in
moisture change, unless suitable corrections are made, will affect the
air drying and the residual moisture as determined by this test
accuracy of the total moisture value as calculated from the air-dry and
method.
residual moisture results.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5. Significance and Use
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5.1 The treatment of the sample as specified herein is
standard.
intended for the purpose of determining the residual moisture
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
present in an analysis sample of RDF.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.2 The residual moisture value is used to convert as-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
determined analyses such as gross heating value, sulfur, and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ash to a dry sample basis.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific
precautionary information see Section 7.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Drying Oven:
2. Referenced Documents
2 6.1.1 Referee Type—The oven shall be so constructed as to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
haveauniformtemperaturewithinthespecimenchamber,have
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of
a minimum excess air volume, and be capable of constant
Coal and Coke
temperature regulation at 107 6 3°C. Provision shall be made
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
for renewing the preheated air in the oven at the rate of two to
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
four times a minute, with the intake air dried by passing it
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
through a desiccant. An oven similar to the one illustrated in
3
cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
Fig. 1 of Test Method D3173 is suitable.
6.1.2 Routine Type—Adrying oven of either the mechanical
ornaturalcirculationtypewhichiscapableofconstantuniform
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
temperature within the specimen chamber regulated at 107 6
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on Treatment,
3°C.
Recovery and Reuse.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
NOTE 2—Either type of oven may be used for routine determinations.
approvedin1981.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2004asE790 – 87(2004).DOI:
However, the referee-type oven shall be used to resolve differences
10.1520/E0790-08.
between determinations.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.2 Containers—A convenient form that allows the ash
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
determination to be made on the same sample is a porcelain
the ASTM website.
3
capsule 22 mm in depth and 44 mm in diameter or a fused
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. silica capsule of similar shape. This shall be used with a
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
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E790 − 08
well-fitting flat aluminum cover. Platinum crucibles or glass 9. Procedure
capsuleswithground-glasscapsmayalsobeused.Theyshould
9.1 Heat the empty containers and covers under the condi-
be as shallow as possible consistent with convenient handle-
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E790–87 (Reapproved 2004) Designation: E 790 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Residual Moisture in a Refuse-Derived Fuel Analysis
1
Sample
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 790; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the residual moisture in an analysis sample of RDF. It is used to calculate to
the dry basis other determinations performed on the analysis sample. It is used with the air-dry moisture results to calculate total
moisture (Note 1). The total moisture is used to calculate as-received values or other analyses performed on the sample.
NOTE 1—In some instances RDF moisture may change during the size-reduction steps of the analysis sample preparation procedure. This moisture
change, unless suitable corrections are made, will affect the accuracy of the total moisture value as calculated from the air-dry and residual moisture
results.
1.2The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For more specific precautionary information see Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D 5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
E 180 Practice for Developing Determining the Precision of ASTM Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and
Specialty Chemicals
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1air drying—a process of partial drying of RDF to bring its moisture content near to equilibrium with the atmosphere in
which further reduction, division, and characterization of the sample are to take place. In order to bring about the equilibrium, the
RDF is usually subjected to drying under controlled temperature conditions ranging from 30 to 40°C.
3.1.2analysis sample—the final subsample prepared from the air-dried laboratory sample but reduced by passing through a mill
with a 0.5-mm (0.02-in.) size or smaller final screen.
3.1.3bias—a systematic error that is consistently negative or consistently positive. The mean of errors resulting from a series
of observations that does not tend towards zero.
3.1.4gross sample—a sample representing one lot and composed of a number of increments on which neither reduction nor
division has been performed.
3.1.5laboratory sample—a representative portion of the gross sample received by the laboratory for analysis.
3.1.6lot—a large designated quantity (greater than the quantity of the final sample) of RDF which can be represented by a
properly selected gross sample.
3.1.7precision—a term used to indicate the capability of a person, an instrument, or a method to obtain reproducible results;
specifically, a measure of the random error as expressed by the variance, the standard error, or a multiple of the standard error.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03.02 on Municipal
Recovery and Reuse.
Current edition approved Aug. 28, 1987. Published October 1987. Orginally published as E790–81. Last previous edition E790–81.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E 790 – 87(2004).
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
1
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E790–08
3.1.8refuse-derived fuels—solid forms of refuse-derived fuels from which appropriate analytical samples may be prepare
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