ASTM D7871-23

Standard Test Method for Analysis of Cyclohexane by Gas Chromatography (Effective Carbon Number)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is suitable for setting specifications on the materials referenced in Table 1 and for use as an internal quality control tool where cyclohexane is produced or is used in a manufacturing process. It may also be used in development or research work involving cyclohexane.  
5.2 This test method is useful in determining the purity of cyclohexane with normal impurities present. If extremely high boiling or unusual impurities are present in the cyclohexane, this test method would not necessarily detect them and the purity calculation would be erroneous.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of cyclohexane by gas chromatography.  
1.2 This test method has been found applicable to the measurement of impurities such as those found in Table 1, which are impurities that may be found in cyclohexane. The impurities can be analyzed over a range with an upper limit of 400 mg/kg by this method, but may be applicable to a wider range. The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.7 mg/kg and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) is 2.3 mg/kg.
Note 1: The LOD and LOQ were calculated from the ILS data for benzene.  
1.3 The following applies for the purposes of determining the conformance of the test results using this test method to applicable specifications: results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 8.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2023
• ICS: 71.080.10 - Aliphatic hydrocarbons
• Technical Committee: D16 - Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals
• Drafting Committee: D16.01 - Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their Derivatives

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7871 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Analysis of Cyclohexane by Gas Chromatography (Effective
1
Carbon Number)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7871; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic
of cyclohexane by gas chromatography.
Products
1.2 This test method has been found applicable to the
D4790 Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related
measurement of impurities such as those found in Table 1,
Chemicals
which are impurities that may be found in cyclohexane. The
D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance
impurities can be analyzed over a range with an upper limit of
Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Ma-
400 mg/kg by this method, but may be applicable to a wider
terials
range. The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.7 mg/kg and the limit E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
of quantitation (LOQ) is 2.3 mg/kg.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-
NOTE 1—The LOD and LOQ were calculated from the ILS data for
ships
benzene.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.3 The following applies for the purposes of determining
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
the conformance of the test results using this test method to
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
applicable specifications: results shall be rounded off in accor-
Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
3
dance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29. 2.2 Other Standards:
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
1910.1200
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3. Terminology
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1 See Terminology D4790 for definitions of terms used in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the this test method.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 4.1 The specimen to be analyzed is injected into a gas
chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID)
For specific hazards statements, see Section 8.
and a capillary column. The peak area of each component is
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
4
measured and adjusted using effective carbon number (ECN)
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
correction factors. The concentration of each component is
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
calculated based on its relative percentages of total adjusted
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
peak area and normalized to 100.0000 %.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on the ASTM website.
3
Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsi- Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,
bility of Subcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
Their Derivatives. www.access.gpo.gov.
4
Current edition approved April 1, 2023. Published April 2023. Originally Scanlon, J. T. and Willis, D. E., “Calculation of Flame Ionization Detector
approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D7871 – 19. DOI: Relative Response Factors Using the Effective Carbon Concept,” Journal of
10.1520/D7871-23. Chromatographic Science, Vol. 23, August 1985, ppl. 333-339.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7871 − 23
TABLE 1 Impurities Known or Suggested to be
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7871 − 19 D7871 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Analysis of Cyclohexane by Gas Chromatography (Effective
1
Carbon Number)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7871; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the purity of cyclohexane by gas chromatography.
1.2 This test method has been found applicable to the measurement of impurities such as those found in Table 1, which are
impurities that may be found in cyclohexane. The impurities can be analyzed over a range of 1 to with an upper limit of 400 mg/kg
by this method, but may be applicable to a wider range. The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.7 mg/kg and the limit of quantitation
(LOQ) is 2.3 mg/kg.
NOTE 1—The LOD and LOQ were calculated from the ILS data for benzene.
1.3 The limit of detection is 1 mg/kg.
1.3 In The following applies for the purposes of determining the conformance of the test results using this test method to
applicable specifications,specifications: results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 8.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
D4790 Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals
D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their Derivatives.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019April 1, 2023. Published November 2019April 2023. Originally approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 20182019 as
D7871 – 18.D7871 – 19. DOI: 10.1520/D7871-19.10.1520/D7871-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7871 − 23
TABLE 1 Impurities Known or Suggested to be Present in
Commercial Cyclohexane
C
4
(1) n-butane
(2) isobutene
C
5
(3) n-pentane
(4) isopentane
(5) cyclopentane
C
6
(6) n-hexane
(7) 2-methylpentane
(8) 3-methylpentane
(9) methylcyclopentane
(10) benzene
(11) cyclohexane
(12) 2,2-dimethylbutane
(13) 2,3-dimethylbutane
C
7
(14) 3,3-dimethylpentane
(15) 2,2-dimethylpentane
(16) 2,3-dimethylpentane
(17) 2,4-dimethylpentane
(18) 1,1-dimethylcyclopentane
(19) trans-1,3-dimethylcyclopentane
(20) trans-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane
(21) cis-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane
(22) 2,2-dimethylcyclopentane
(23) 2,4-dimethylcyclopentane
(24) cis-1,3-dimethylcyclopentane
(25) ethylcyclopentane
(26) methylcyclohexane
(27) 3-ethylpentane
(28) 3-methylhexane
(29) 2-methylhexane
(30) n-heptane
(31) toluene
C
8
(32) iso-octane
(33) p-xylene
C
9
(34) isopropylcylohexane
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1510 Practice for Installing Fus
...