ASTM D3690-02(2009)
(Specification)Standard Performance Specification for Vinyl-Coated and Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics-Indoor (Withdrawn 2018)
Standard Performance Specification for Vinyl-Coated and Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics-Indoor (Withdrawn 2018)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all the requirements listed in Table 1.
It should be recognized that fabric can be produced utilizing an almost infinite number of combinations of construction variables (e.g., type of fibers, percentage of fibers, yarn twist, yarn number, warp and pick count, chemical and mechanical finished). Additionally, fashion and aesthetics dictate that the ultimate consumer may find acceptable articles made from fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1.
Hence, no single performance specification can possibly apply to all the various fabrics that could be utilized for this end-use.
The uses and significance of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers performance requirements for vinyl-coated and urethane-coated upholstery fabrics produced with woven, knit, or nonwoven substrates which are used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture.
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to fabrics used in porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for plain knit fabrics and plain, tufted, or flocked, woven upholstery fabrics.
1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This performance specification covers performance requirements for vinyl-coated and urethane-coated upholstery fabrics produced with woven, knit, or nonwoven substrates which are used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D13 on Textiles, this practice was withdrawn in January 2018 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3690 −02 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Performance Specification for
Vinyl-Coated and Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics—
Indoor
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3690; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4157Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)
1.1 This performance specification covers performance re-
D5034TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
quirements for vinyl-coated and urethane-coated upholstery
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
fabrics produced with woven, knit, or nonwoven substrates
2.2 AATCC Test Methods:
which are used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture.
8Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to
16Colorfastness to Light
fabricsusedinporch,deck,orlawnfurniture;norforplainknit
116Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter
fabrics and plain, tufted, or flocked, woven upholstery fabrics.
Method
1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width
Evaluation Procedure 1Gray Scale for Color Change
directions for those properties where fabric direction is perti-
Evaluation Procedure 3Chromatic Transference Scale
nent.
2.3 Chemical Fabrics and Film Association Standards:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
CFFA-5 Test for Blocking
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
CFFA-20Test for Tearing Strength, Procedure B—Tongue
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this specification give only the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other test
methods. The current editions of each test method cited shall prevail.
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
3.1 Definitions:
D751Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
3.1.1 blocking, n—the measurement of the development of
D1175Method of Test for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
surface tack and the thermal softening point of the material.
Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder and Uniform Abrasion);
3.1.2 hydrolytic stability, n—the ability to withstand the
Replaced by D4157, D4158 (Withdrawn 1981)
environmental effects of high humidity.
D1203Test Methods for Volatile Loss From Plastics Using
3.1.3 tack tear, n—the measurement of the resistance of a
Activated Carbon Methods
coated fabric to tearing under conditions simulating an instal-
D2097TestMethodforFlexTestingofFinishonUpholstery
lation that has been tacked in place.
Leather
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Tack tear is intended primarily for
D2136Test Method for Coated Fabrics—Low-Temperature
testing vinyl-coated fabrics for furniture or automotive appli-
Bend Test
cations.
3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this
This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
specification, refer to Terminology D123 and to the Technical
D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and
Furnishings.
CurrenteditionSept.1,2009.PublishedDecember2009.Originallyapprovedin Colorists.
1978. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3690–02(2008). DOI: 10.1520/
D3690-02R09.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://
the ASTM website. www.aatcc.org.
3 5
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Available from Chemical Fabrics and Film Association, 1230 Keith Bldg.,
www.astm.org. Cleveland, OH 44115.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3690−02 (2009)
4. Significance and Use 6.2 Tongue Tear Strength—Determine tongue tear strength
as directed in Procedure B of CFFA Method20 using a CRT
4.1 Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all the
tensile testing machine.
requirements listed in Table 1.
6.3 Tack-Tear Resistance—Determine the tack-tear resis-
4.2 It should be recognized that fabric can be produced
tance as directed in Sections 43 to 47 of Test Methods D751.
utilizing an almost infinite number of combinations of con-
struction variables (e.g., type of fibers, percentage of fibers,
6.4 Adhesion of Coating to Substrate:
yarn twist, yarn number, warp and pick count, chemical and
6.4.1 Determine the adhesion of coating to substrate as
mechanical finished).Additionally, fashion and aesthetics dic-
directed in Sections 39 to 42 of Test Methods D751, with the
tate that the ultimate consumer may find acceptable articles
speed of the pulling clamp at 12 6 ⁄2 in. (305 6 13 mm)/min.
made from fabrics that do not conform to all of the require-
6.4.2 Report adhesion in pounds-force per inch (newtons
ments in Table 1.
per metre) of width.
4.2.1 Hence, no single performance specification can possi-
6.5 Surface Abrasion:
blyapplytoallthevariousfabricsthatcouldbeutilizedforthis
end-use.
6.5.1 DeterminethesurfaceabrasionasdirectedinSections
33 to 42 of Test Methods D4157.
4.3 The uses and significance of particular properties and
6.5.2 After 200 cycles, the test specimens are rated visually
test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the
for color change.
specified methods.
6.6 Resistance to Flexing—Determinetheresistancetoflex-
5. Performance Requirements
ingasdirectedinMethodsD2097withthespecimensmounted
5.1 The properties of vinyl-coated or urethane-coated up-
face side out.
holsteryfabricsshallconformtothespecificationrequirements
6.7 Blocking at Elevated Temperature— Determine the
of one of the three categories in Table 1.
blocking at elevated temperature as directed in CFFA Method
5.
6. Test Methods (see Note 1)
6.1 Breaking Force—Determine the dry breaking force in 6.8 Resistance to Cracking at Low Temperature—
the standard atmosphere for testing textiles, as directed in Test Determine the resistance to cracking at low temperature as
Method D5034, using a constant- rate- of- extension (CRE) directed in Test Method D2136 with the cold chamber tem-
tensile testing machine. perature at−10 6 1°F (−23 6 1°C).
TABLE 1 Performance Requirements
Requirements
Property Section
Grade A Grade B Grade C
A
Breaking strength (load) (CRT Method): 6.1
Length 244 N (55 lbf), min 222 N (50 lbf), min 200 N (45 lbf), min
Width 244 N (55 lbf), min 222 N (50 lbf), min 178 N (40 lbf), min
A
Tongue tear strength (CRT Method) 6.2
Length 27N(6lbf),min 18N(4lbf),min 13N(3lbf),min
Width 22N(5lbf),min 13N(3lbf),min 9N(2lbf),min
Tack-tear resistance: 6.3
Length 133 N (30 lbf), min 111 N (25 lbf), min 67 N (15 lbf), min
Width 133 N (30 lbf), min 89 N (20 lbf), min 67 N (15 lbf), min
Adhesion of coating to substrate 525 N/m (3.0 lbf/in.), 525 N/m (3.0 lbf/in.), 525 N/m (3.0 lbf/in.), 6.4
min min min
Surface abrasion no appreciable color change at 200 cycles, grade A, B, and C 6.5
Resistance to flexing no cracking or delamination at 15 000 cycles, grade A, B, and C 6.6
Blocking at elevated temperature rating 2, min, no blocking; coating adheres slightly,grade A, B, and C 6.7
Resistance to cracking at low temperature no cracking at − 10± 1°F (−23 ± 1°C), grade A, B, and C 6.8
B
Colorfastness to crocking: 6.9.1
C C C
Dry grade 4.0 min grade 4.0 min grade 4.0 min
C C C
grade 4.0 min grade 4.0 min grade 4.0 min
Wet
A D D D
Colorfastness to light (xenon) (120 AATCC fading Step 4 min Step 4 min Step 4 min 6.9.2
units)
Loss of plasticizer 10 % max 10 % max 10 % max 6.10
Hydrolytic stability: 6.11
Adhesion must maintain 75 % of original strength, grade A, B, and C 6.11.3.1
Surface abrasion no cracking or delamination at 25 000 cycles, grade A, B, and C 6.11.3.2
Resistance to flexing no breaks in coating at 15 000 cycles, grade A, B, and C 6.11.3.3
Flammability pass pass pass 6.12
A
There is more than one standard test method that can be used to measure breaking strength, tongue tear strength, and lightfastness. These test methods cannot be
used interchangeably since there may be no overall correlation between them (see Note 2).
B
grade in b and c is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negl
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