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ASTM D3690-19

(Specification)

Standard Performance Specification for Vinyl-Coated and Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics—Indoor

Standard Performance Specification for Vinyl-Coated and Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics—Indoor

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all the requirements listed in Table 1. (A) There is more than one standard test method that can be used to measure breaking strength, tongue tear strength, and lightfastness. These test methods cannot be used interchangeably since there may be no overall correlation between them (see Note 2).(B) grade in b and c is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible color transfer or color change to 1 for very severe color transfer or color change. The numerical rating in Table 1 or higher is acceptable.(C) AATCC 9–Step Chromatic Transference Scale.(D) AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.  
4.2 It should be recognized that fabric can be produced utilizing an almost infinite number of combinations of construction variables (e.g., type of fibers, percentage of fibers, yarn twist, yarn number, warp and pick count, chemical and mechanical finished). Additionally, fashion and aesthetics dictate that the ultimate consumer may find acceptable articles made from fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1.  
4.2.1 Hence, no single performance specification can possibly apply to all the various fabrics that could be utilized for this end-use.  
4.3 The uses and significance of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers performance requirements for vinyl-coated and urethane-coated upholstery fabrics produced with woven, knit, or nonwoven substrates which are used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture.  
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to fabrics used in porch, deck, or lawn furniture; nor for plain knit fabrics and plain, tufted, or flocked, woven upholstery fabrics.  
1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Jan-2019
ICS
59.080.40 - Coated fabrics
97.140 - Furniture
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.63 - Home Furnishings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D123-15a - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
01-Sep-2015
Refers
ASTM D123-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
01-Mar-2017
Refers
ASTM D1203-16 - Standard Test Methods for Volatile Loss From Plastics Using Activated Carbon Methods
Effective Date
01-Apr-2016
Refers
ASTM D123-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
01-Apr-2015
Refers
ASTM D123-15b - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
15-Sep-2015
Referred By
ASTM D7023-06(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Home Furnishings
Effective Date
15-Jan-2019
Referred By
ASTM D4852-18 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Attached Upholstery Fabrics
Effective Date
15-Jan-2019

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ASTM D3690-19 - Standard Performance Specification for Vinyl-Coated and Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics—IndoorASTM D3690-19 - Standard Performance Specification for Vinyl-Coated and Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics—Indoor
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ASTM D3690-19 - Standard Performance Specification for Vinyl-Coated and Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics—Indoor
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D3690 −19
Standard Performance Specification for
Vinyl-Coated and Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics—
1
Indoor
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3690; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1203Test Methods for Volatile Loss From Plastics Using
Activated Carbon Methods
1.1 This performance specification covers performance re-
D2097TestMethodforFlexTestingofFinishonUpholstery
quirements for vinyl-coated and urethane-coated upholstery
Leather
fabrics produced with woven, knit, or nonwoven substrates
D2136Test Method for Coated Fabrics—Low-Temperature
which are used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture.
Bend Test
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to
D4157Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
fabricsusedinporch,deck,orlawnfurniture;norforplainknit
Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)
fabrics and plain, tufted, or flocked, woven upholstery fabrics.
D5034TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width
4
directions for those properties where fabric direction is perti-
2.2 AATCC Standards:
nent.
TM8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the TM16.3Colorfastness to Light: Xenon-Arc
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- TM116Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crock-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- meter Method
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. EP1Gray Scale for Color Change
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- EP89-Step Chromatic Transference Scale
5
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2.3 Chemical Fabrics and Film Association Standards:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
CFFA-5 Test for Blocking
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
CFFA-20Test for Tearing Strength, Procedure B—Tongue
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Method
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this specification give only the
permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other test
2. Referenced Documents
methods. The current editions of each test method cited shall prevail.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
3. Terminology
D751Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
3.1 Definitions:
D1175Method of Test for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
3.1.1 blocking, n—the measurement of the development of
Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder and Uniform Abrasion);
surface tack and the thermal softening point of the material.
3
Replaced by D4157, D4158 (Withdrawn 1981)
3.1.2 hydrolytic stability, n—the ability to withstand the
environmental effects of high humidity.
1
This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
3.1.3 tack tear, n—the measurement of the resistance of a
D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
coated fabric to tearing under conditions simulating an instal-
Furnishings.
lation that has been tacked in place.
Current edition Jan. 15, 2019. Published February 2019. Originally approved in
1978. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3690–02(2008) which was
withdrawn January 2018 and reinstated in January 2019. DOI: 10.1520/D3690-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://
the ASTM website. www.aatcc.org.
3 5
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Available from Chemical Fabrics and Film Association, 1230 Keith Bldg.,
www.astm.org. Cleveland, OH 44115.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3690−19
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Tack tear is intended primarily for 5. Performance Requirements
testing vinyl-coated fabrics for furniture or automotive appli-
5.1 The properties of vinyl-coated or urethane-coated up-
cation
...

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Standard Test Method for Airborne Asbestos Concentration in Ambient and Indoor Atmospheres as Determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy Direct Transfer (TEM)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is applicable to the measurement of airborne asbestos in a wide range of ambient air situations and for detailed evaluation of any atmosphere for asbestos structures. Most fibers in ambient atmospheres are not asbestos, and therefore, there is a requirement for fibers to be identified. Most of the airborne asbestos fibers in ambient atmospheres have diameters below the resolution limit of the light microscope. This test method is based on transmission electron microscopy, which has adequate resolution to allow detection of small thin fibers and is currently the only technique capable of unequivocal identification of the majority of individual fibers of asbestos. Asbestos is often found, not as single fibers, but as very complex, aggregated structures, which may or may not also be aggregated with other particles. The fibers found suspended in an ambient atmosphere can often be identified unequivocally if sufficient measurement effort is expended. However, if each fiber were to be identified in this way, the analysis would become prohibitively expensive. Because of instrumental deficiencies or because of the nature of the particulate matter, some fibers cannot be positively identified as asbestos even though the measurements all indicate that they could be asbestos. Therefore, subjective factors contribute to this measurement, and consequently, a very precise definition of the procedure for identification and enumeration of asbestos fibers is required. The method defined in this test method is designed to provide a description of the nature, numerical concentration, and sizes of asbestos-containing particles found in an air sample. The test method is necessarily complex because the structures observed are frequently very complex. The method of data recording specified in the test method is designed to allow reevaluation of the structure-counting data as new applications for measurements are developed. All of the feasible specimen preparation techn...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 is an analytical procedure using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the determination of the concentration of asbestos structures in ambient atmospheres and includes measurement of the dimension of structures and of the asbestos fibers found in the structures from which aspect ratios are calculated.  
1.1.1 This test method allows determination of the type(s) of asbestos fibers present.  
1.1.2 This test method cannot always discriminate between individual fibers of the asbestos and non-asbestos analogues of the same amphibole mineral.  
1.2 This test method is suitable for determination of asbestos in both ambient (outdoor) and building atmospheres.  
1.2.1 This test method is defined for polycarbonate capillary-pore filters or cellulose ester (either mixed esters of cellulose or cellulose nitrate) filters through which a known volume of air has been drawn and for blank filters.  
1.3 The upper range of concentrations that can be determined by this test method is 7000 s/mm2. The air concentration represented by this value is a function of the volume of air sampled.  
1.3.1 There is no lower limit to the dimensions of asbestos fibers that can be detected. In practice, microscopists vary in their ability to detect very small asbestos fibers. Therefore, a minimum length of 0.5 μm has been defined as the shortest fiber to be incorporated in the reported results.  
1.4 The direct analytical method cannot be used if the general particulate matter loading of the sample collection filter as analyzed exceeds approximately 10 % coverage of the collection filter by particulate matter.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropri...

  • Standard
    33 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    33 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off