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ASTM D4852-18

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Evaluation of Attached Upholstery Fabrics

Standard Practice for Evaluation of Attached Upholstery Fabrics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice may be used to evaluate pertinent performance characteristics of attached upholstery fabrics.  
4.2 Loose cushions or pillows considered an inherent part of the total upholstered furniture unit are to be evaluated using this practice.  
4.3 This practice is not intended for use with outdoor furniture nor with slipcovers or throws.  
4.4 Evaluation is to be done both before and after the refurbishing procedures, as directed in voluntary care labeling instructions or as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.  
4.5 The specified cleaning and maintenance procedures herein discussed do not reflect professional care designed to enhance the performance of furniture coverings, such as the application of soil and stain protectants. Reflected in this practice are the minimum capabilities of current cleaning methods used in accordance with any voluntary care labeling instructions accompanying the furniture.  
4.6 The characteristics to be evaluated and the acceptance criteria assigned to these areas shall be set by mutual agreement between purchaser and supplier.  
4.7 The significance and use of specific properties are discussed in the appropriate test methods and performance standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is to be used to evaluate specific characteristics of importance in the performance of upholstery fabric attached to a furniture unit, including woven, knitted, tufted, flocked, or vinyl fabrics.  
1.2 It is understood that the fabric used to construct the upholstered furniture unit should be evaluated initially using appropriate fabric performance standards, such as Specifications D3597 and D3690.  
1.3 Loose cushions or pillows considered an inherent part of the total furniture unit are to be evaluated using this practice.  
1.4 This practice is not to be used to evaluate slipcovers or throws used as furniture coverings. Outdoor furniture coverings are not to be evaluated using this practice.  
1.5 This practice shall not be construed to be a standard of performance but only as a standard practice for evaluation of attached upholstery fabrics.  
1.6 This practice may be used by mutual agreement between purchaser and supplier to establish purchasing specifications.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Aug-2018
ICS
97.140 - Furniture
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.63 - Home Furnishings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D123-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
01-Apr-2015
Refers
ASTM D123-15a - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
01-Sep-2015
Refers
ASTM D123-15b - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
15-Sep-2015
Refers
ASTM D7023-06(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Home Furnishings
Effective Date
01-Jul-2018
Refers
ASTM D123-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
01-Mar-2017
Refers
ASTM D3597-02(2018)e1 - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Upholstery Fabrics—Plain, Tufted, or Flocked
Effective Date
15-Dec-2018
Refers
ASTM D3690-19 - Standard Performance Specification for Vinyl-Coated and Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics—Indoor
Effective Date
15-Jan-2019
Refers
ASTM D4771-19 - Standard Performance Specification for Knitted Upholstery Fabrics for Indoor Furniture
Effective Date
15-Jan-2019

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ASTM D4852-18 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Attached Upholstery Fabrics
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4852 − 18
Standard Practice for
1
Evaluation of Attached Upholstery Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4852; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice is to be used to evaluate specific charac- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
teristics of importance in the performance of upholstery fabric D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
attached to a furniture unit, including woven, knitted, tufted, D3597 Performance Specification for Woven Upholstery
flocked, or vinyl fabrics. Fabrics—Plain, Tufted, or Flocked
D3690 Performance Specification for Vinyl-Coated and
1.2 It is understood that the fabric used to construct the
Urethane-Coated Upholstery Fabrics–Indoor (Withdrawn
upholstered furniture unit should be evaluated initially using
3
2018)
appropriate fabric performance standards, such as Specifica-
D4771 Performance Specification for Knitted Upholstery
tions D3597 and D3690.
3
Fabrics for Indoor Furniture (Withdrawn 2018)
1.3 Loosecushionsorpillowsconsideredaninherentpartof
D7023 Terminology Relating to Home Furnishings
the total furniture unit are to be evaluated using this practice.
2.2 AATCC Method:
1.4 This practice is not to be used to evaluate slipcovers or AATCC Evaluation Procedure 1—Gray Scale for Color
4
Change
throws used as furniture coverings. Outdoor furniture cover-
ings are not to be evaluated using this practice. 2.3 Other Documents:
5
Knit Upholstery Fabric Standards and Guidelines
1.5 This practice shall not be construed to be a standard of
6
Woven Upholstery Fabric Standards and Guidelines
performance but only as a standard practice for evaluation of
attached upholstery fabrics.
3. Terminology
1.6 Thispracticemaybeusedbymutualagreementbetween
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.63, Home
purchaser and supplier to establish purchasing specifications.
Furnishings, refer to Terminology D7023.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
www.astm.org.
4
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
www.aatcc.org.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5
Issuedin1982bytheJoint-IndustryFabricStandardsCommittee,sponsoredby
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
National Association of Furniture Manufacturers, California Furniture Manufactur-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ersAssociation,SouthernFurnitureManufacturersAssociation,SouthwestFurniture
Manufacturers Association, and Furniture Manufacturers Association of Grand
Rapids. Available from American Furniture Manufacturers Association, P.O. Box
HP-7, High Point, NC 27261.
1 6
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextilesand Reissued in 1986 by the Joint-Industry Fabric Standards Committee including
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home Furnishings. American Furniture ManufacturersAssociation, California Furniture Manufacturers
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originally Association, Furniture Manufacturers Association of Grand Rapids, Association of
ɛ1
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D4852–88(2009) Western Furniture Suppliers, and Home Furnishings Manufacturers Association.
which was withdrawn in January 2018 and reinstated in September 2018. DOI: Available from American Furniture Manufacturers Association, P.O. Box HP-7,
10.1520/D4852-18. High Point, NC 27261.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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SCOPE
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5.1 Test Method D4034 for measuring the resistance to fabric yarn slippage is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of woven upholstery fabrics.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the resistance to slippage of warp yarns over filling yarns, or filling yarns over warp yarns, in woven upholstery fabrics, using a specific standard seam assembly by comparing the differences in test curves from a sewn and unsewn sample.
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ABSTRACT
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SCOPE
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This performance specification covers the performance requirements for plain, tufted, or flocked woven upholstery fabrics as used in the manufacture of new indoor furniture. These requirements apply to both the warp and filling directions for those factors where each fabric direction is pertinent. Tests shall be made to determine the properties of the material in accordance with the following test methods: breaking strength; tear strength; resistance to yarn slippage; surface abrasion; dimensional change; colorfastness to water; colorfastness to solvent; colorfastness to burnt gas fumes; colorfastness to crocking; colorfastness to light; colorfastness to ozone; durability of back coating; flammability; and FTC requirements.
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
1.1 This standard is the compilation of all terminology developed by Subcommittee D13.63 on Home Furnishings.  
1.2 This terminology is unique to the Home Furnishings industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside the industry can be found in other compilations in dictionaries of general usage.  
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1.4 Terms listed are under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D13.63.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This safety specification is intended to define the test method and other requirements for tipover restraints as required in Specification F2057.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This safety specification is intended to reduce injuries and deaths of children from hazards associated with tipover of free-standing clothing storage units, including but not limited to chests, chests of drawers, drawer chests, armoires, chifferobes, bureaus, door chests, and dressers, which are 27 in. (686 mm) or greater in height, 30 lb (13.6 kg) or greater in mass, and contain 3.2 ft3 (90.6 dm3) or greater of enclosed storage volume.  
1.2 This safety specification does not cover shelving units, such as bookcases or entertainment furniture, office furniture, dining room furniture, jewelry armoires, underbed drawer storage units, occasional/accent furniture not intended for bedroom use, laundry storage/sorting units, or built-in units intended to be permanently attached to the building, nor does it cover “Clothing Storage Chests” as defined in Consumer Safety Specification F2598.  
1.3 This safety specification is intended to cover children up to 72 months. See Note 1.
Note 1: The majority (approximately 80 %) of deaths relate to children 5 years or younger.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a means of measuring a variety of fire-test-response characteristics resulting from burning a test specimen, mattress or mattress with foundation. After ignition using a propane gas burner, the test specimen is permitted to burn freely under well-ventilated conditions. The most important fire-test-response characteristic measured in this test method is the rate of heat release, which quantifies the intensity of the fire generated.  
5.2 The rate of heat release is measured by the principle of oxygen consumption. Annex A3 discusses the assumptions and limitations.  
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5.6 One ...
SCOPE
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.  
1.2 This test method provides a means of determining the burning behavior of mattresses used in public occupancies by measuring specific fire test responses when the test specimen, a mattress or mattress with foundation, is subjected to a specified flaming ignition source under well ventilated conditions.  
1.3 This is a test method for mattresses or mattresses with foundations.  
1.4 Test data are obtained describing the burning behavior, following application of a specific ignition source, from ignition until all burning has ceased, a period of 1 h has elapsed, or flashover appears inevitable.  
1.5 This test method does not provide information on the fire performance of mattresses under fire conditions other than those specified in this test method. In particular, this test method does not apply to smoldering ignition by cigarettes. See 5.12 for further information.  
1.6 The rate of heat release of burning test specimen is measured by an oxygen consumption method. See 5.12.4 for further information.  
1.7 Other measurements are the production of light-obscuring smoke and the concentrations of certain toxic gas species in the combustion gases. See 5.12.5 for further information.  
1.8 The burning behavior is documented visually by photographic or video recordings.  
1.9 Units—Use the SI system of units in referee decisions; see IEEE/ASTM SI-10. The units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.10 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.11 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.12 This stan...

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ASTM
ASTM F1917-23(Specification)
Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Infant Bedding and Related Accessories

SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety performance specification establishes safety performance requirements, test methods, and requirements for labeling to minimize the identified hazards to children presented by infant bedding and related accessories as identified in the introduction.  
1.2 Infant bedding and related accessories includes the following items intended for use in a nursery: fitted sheets, blankets, dust ruffles, covers and drapes for canopies, pillows, mattress covers, diaper stackers, fabric wall hangings, crib bumper/liners, and comforters.  
1.3 No infant bedding or related accessory produced after the approval date of the consumer safety performance specification shall indicate, either by label or other means, compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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