C09.41 - Hydraulic Cement Grouts

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete. Grout ingredients shall conform to the specified requirements for Portland cement, pozzolan, and fine aggregate composition. The fluidifier, tested in grout shall conform to the specified values of reduction in mixing water, expansion, bleeding, increase in water retentivity, initial and final setting time, and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this standard: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the ability of a grout mixture to retain its mixing water.  
5.2 It is used for qualifying grout fluidifiers to be used in the production of PA concrete.  
5.3 It may be used to compare the effects of various admixtures or materials combinations on the water retentivity properties of any cement-water grout.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the water retentivity of freshly mixed hydraulic cement grout mixtures for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of the fluidity of various fluid grout mixtures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure, used both in the laboratory and in the field, for determining the time of efflux of a specified volume of fluid hydraulic cement grout through a standardized flow cone and used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete; however, the test method may also be used for other fluid grouts.  
1.2 It is for use with neat grout and with grouts containing fine aggregate all passing a 2.36 mm (No. 8) sieve.  
1.3 This test method is intended for use with grout having an efflux time of 35 s or less.  
1.4 When efflux time exceeds 35 s, flowability is better determined by flow table, found in Test Method C109/C109M, using 5 drops in 3 s.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice (Note 1).
Note 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is useful for determining the expansion and bleeding characteristics of freshly mixed fluid hydraulic cement grout commonly used in PA concrete and cementitious post-tensioning tendon grouts.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method affords a means for determining the compressive strength of grouts that expand and, in use, harden under conditions of partial to total restraint.  
5.2 It is particularly applicable for determining the effect on compressive strength of grout fluidifier to be used with grout for PA concrete (See Specification C937).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the compressive strength of hydraulic cement grout for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides a standard procedure for selecting proportions for mixtures of grout to be used at fluid consistency in the production of PA concrete meeting applicable criteria for strength, density, and other properties.  
5.2 This practice is also useful for determining the composition of grout mixed at fluid consistency and meeting specified requirements for filling voids, cavities, and spaces in rock, foundations, and concrete structures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the laboratory procedure for selecting proportions for grout mixtures required in the production of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts are used to provide precision support for machinery or equipment.
Note 2: The machinery or equipment or support bases or plates, or combination thereof, are positioned to the precise elevation and location required. The bases or plates are typically placed on prepared foundations and supported on temporary shims or support bolts (jack screws). Forms are installed to contain the flowable grout. The grout is poured around the perimeter in such a manner as to allow the grout to flow around and under the equipment base or plates. The grout subsequently hardens to provide a strong rigid support layer capable of withstanding the stresses transferred by the equipment to the foundation. Although the actual machinery base plate is typically metal and the cover plate in this test uses acrylic glass, different grouts using acrylic glass cover plates has proven useful for comparative purposes as described in this test in laboratory conditions.  
5.2 In addition to the required physical properties of the grout, the flow and bearing area achieved are important considerations for effective grout installation. The two characteristics measured by this test method are flow and bearing area.  
5.3 The flow test simulates typical application conditions for a flowable polymer machinery grout in a laboratory environment. It may be used to evaluate the suitability of a particular grout for a specific application, to compare the flowability and bearing area of two or more grouts, or to evaluate the effects of formulation changes, temperature, mixing techniques, or other factors on flowability.  
5.4 The estimated amount of upper grout surface contact in percent can be used to compare two or more grouts or show the effects of temperature, formulation changes, or other factors on bearing area. A limited set of results using visual guides (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) is used to classify the bearing as “high”—greater than 85 %,” “medium—70 to 85 ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measure of flowability of chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts as evaluated in a 50-mm [2-in.] or 25-mm [1-in.] pour thickness in a laboratory setting. The test method provides for the assessment of upper surface plate contact area (bearing area). These grouts will typically be at least two component formulations that may be used for installations where grout thickness will range from 25 to 150 mm [1 to 6 in.] underneath the base or plates being grouted.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is designed to evaluate the bleed stability of a freshly-mixed grout under static pressure. It can be used in both the laboratory to qualify grout materials and in the field as a quality control test. When used to qualify grout materials, replicate tests may be specified. It is intended that the test pressure, acceptance criteria, and number of replicate tests be set forth in the contract documents if this test method is referenced. These values will normally vary depending on the vertical rise of the post-tensioning tendon.
Note 1: Appendix X1 includes a reference for an example of test pressures and bleeding limits.  
4.2 The procedure for this test was developed by Schokker et al.4 based on previous work by Schupack.5
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed to determine the bleed stability of freshly-mixed cementitious grout under static pressure.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide a means of measuring the total compressive deflection of chemical-resistant, machinery-grout materials under a sustained load at the test temperature. Test stress and temperature can be selected to simulate anticipated use conditions. For the purposes of these tests, creep is considered to be the compressive deflection in cm per cm [inches per inch], which occurs after the initial loading of the specimen at laboratory temperature. The results do not necessarily correlate for different specimen thicknesses.  No correlation has been established to actual-use conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover a quantitative, comparative test for compressive creep of chemical-resistant grouting materials under a sustained load at a test temperature. Constant load is maintained using a bolt and spring washers. Measurements are made at laboratory temperature after exposure periods at the selected test temperature.  
1.2 Test Method A outlines the molding techniques for an unbonded test specimen. Test Method B covers the molding techniques for a bonded test specimen.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is used for making test cylinders or prisms of PA concrete. Cylinders are used for determining compressive strength and approximate density. Prisms, cut from cylinders, eliminate the surface effect and thus more accurately represent the actual density of PA concrete in place.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making standard test cylinders used to determine the compressive strength and density of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method determines the time of setting of grout mixed to the fluid consistency required for its use in PA concrete.  
5.2 The time of setting is also useful in determining the acceptability of components of grout that must be mixed to the fluid consistency required for production of PA concrete.
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the determination test of time of setting of hydraulic cement grout mixtures used in preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete using the Vicat apparatus.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of the fluidity of various fluid grout mixtures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure, used both in the laboratory and in the field, for determining the time of efflux of a specified volume of fluid hydraulic cement grout through a standardized flow cone and used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete; however, the test method may also be used for other fluid grouts.  
1.2 It is for use with neat grout and with grouts containing fine aggregate all passing a 2.36-mm (No. 8) sieve.  
1.3 This test method is intended for use with grout having an efflux time of 35 s or less.  
1.4 When efflux time exceeds 35 s, flowability is better determined by flow table, found in Test Method C109/C109M, using 5 drops in 3 s.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice (Note 1).
Note 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the ability of a grout mixture to retain its mixing water.  
5.2 It is used for qualifying grout fluidifiers to be used in the production of PA concrete.  
5.3 It may be used to compare the effects of various admixtures or materials combinations on the water retentivity properties of any cement-water grout.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the water retentivity of freshly mixed hydraulic cement grout mixtures for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of the fluidity of various fluid grout mixtures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure, used both in the laboratory and in the field, for determining the time of efflux of a specified volume of fluid hydraulic cement grout through a standardized flow cone and used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete; however, the test method may also be used for other fluid grouts.  
1.2 It is for use with neat grout and with grouts containing fine aggregate all passing a 2.36-mm (No. 8) sieve.  
1.3 This test method is intended for use with grout having an efflux time of 35 s or less.  
1.4 When efflux time exceeds 35 s, flowability is better determined by flow table, found in Test Method C109/C109M, using 5 drops in 3 s.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice (Note 1).
Note 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is useful for determining the expansion and bleeding characteristics of freshly mixed fluid hydraulic cement grout commonly used in PA concrete and cementitious post-tensioning tendon grouts.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides a standard procedure for selecting proportions for mixtures of grout to be used at fluid consistency in the production of PA concrete meeting applicable criteria for strength, density, and other properties.  
5.2 This practice is also useful for determining the composition of grout mixed at fluid consistency and meeting specified requirements for filling voids, cavities, and spaces in rock, foundations, and concrete structures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the laboratory procedure for selecting proportions for grout mixtures required in the production of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete. Grout ingredients shall conform to the specified requirements for Portland cement, pozzolan, and fine aggregate composition. The fluidifier, tested in grout shall conform to the specified values of reduction in mixing water, expansion, bleeding, increase in water retentivity, initial and final setting time, and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this standard: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method affords a means for determining the compressive strength of grouts that expand and, in use, harden under conditions of partial to total restraint.  
5.2 It is particularly applicable for determining the effect on compressive strength of grout fluidifier to be used with grout for PA concrete (See Specification C937).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the compressive strength of hydraulic cement grout for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide a means of measuring the total compressive deflection of chemical-resistant, machinery-grout materials under a sustained load at the test temperature. Test stress and temperature can be selected to simulate anticipated use conditions. For the purposes of these tests, creep is considered to be the compressive deflection in inches per inch, which occurs after the initial loading of the specimen at laboratory temperature. The results do not necessarily correlate for different specimen thicknesses.  No correlation has been established to actual-use conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover a quantitative, comparative test for compressive creep of chemical-resistant grouting materials under a sustained load at a test temperature. Constant load is maintained using a bolt and spring washers. Measurements are made at laboratory temperature after exposure periods at the selected test temperature.  
1.2 Test Method A outlines the molding techniques for an unbonded test specimen. Test Method B covers the molding techniques for a bonded test specimen.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts are used to provide precision support for machinery or equipment.  
5.2 The machinery or equipment or support bases or plates, or combination thereof, are positioned to the precise elevation and location required. The bases or plates are typically placed on prepared foundations and supported on temporary shims or support bolts (jack screws). Forms are installed to contain the flowable grout. The grout is poured around the perimeter in such a manner as to allow the grout to flow around and under the equipment base or plates. The grout subsequently hardens to provide a strong rigid support layer capable of withstanding the stresses transferred by the equipment to the foundation.  
5.3 In addition to the required physical properties of the grout, the flow and bearing area achieved are important considerations for effective grout installation. The two characteristics measured by this test method are flow and bearing area.  
5.4 The flow test simulates typical application conditions for a flowable polymer machinery grout. It may be used to evaluate the suitability of a particular grout for a specific application, to compare the flowability and bearing area of two or more grouts, or to evaluate the effects of formulation changes, temperature, mixing techniques, or other factors on flowability.  
5.5 The estimated amount of upper grout surface contact in percent can be used to compare two or more grouts or show the effects of temperature, formulation changes, or other factors on bearing area. Because of the limited accuracy in estimating the percent of contact, a limited set of results is suggested (see 9.9.1). Visual guides are provided for comparative purposes (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measure of flowability of chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts as evaluated in a 2-in. (5-cm) or 1-in. (2.5-cm) pour thickness. The test method provides for the assessment of upper surface plate contact area (bearing area). These grouts will typically be two- or three-component formulations that may be used for installations where grout thickness will range from 1 to 6 in. (2.5 to 15 cm) underneath the base or plates being grouted.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is designed to evaluate the bleed stability of a freshly-mixed grout under static pressure. It can be used in both the laboratory to qualify grout materials and in the field as a quality control test. When used to qualify grout materials, replicate tests may be specified. It is intended that the test pressure, acceptance criteria, and number of replicate tests be set forth in the contract documents if this test method is referenced. These values will normally vary depending on the vertical rise of the post-tensioning tendon.  
Note 1—Appendix X1 includes a reference for an example of test pressures and bleeding limits.
The procedure for this test was developed by Schokker et al. based on previous work by Schupack.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed to determine the bleed stability of freshly-mixed cementitious grout under static pressure.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is designed to evaluate the bleed stability of a freshly-mixed grout under static pressure. It can be used in both the laboratory to qualify grout materials and in the field as a quality control test. When used to qualify grout materials, replicate tests may be specified. It is intended that the test pressure, acceptance criteria, and number of replicate tests be set forth in the contract documents if this test method is referenced. These values will normally vary depending on the vertical rise of the post-tensioning tendon.  
Note 1—Appendix X1 includes a reference for an example of test pressures and bleeding limits.
The procedure for this test was developed by Schokker et al. based on previous work by Schupack.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed to determine the bleed stability of freshly-mixed cementitious grout under static pressure.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is designed to evaluate the bleed stability of a freshly-mixed grout under static pressure. It can be used in both the laboratory to qualify grout materials and in the field as a quality control test. When used to qualify grout materials, replicate tests may be specified. It is intended that the test pressure, acceptance criteria, and number of replicate tests be set forth in the contract documents if this test method is referenced. These values will normally vary depending on the vertical rise of the post-tensioning tendon.  
Note 1—Appendix X1 includes a reference for an example of test pressures and bleeding limits.
The procedure for this test was developed by Schokker et al. based on previous work by Schupack.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed to determine the bleed stability of freshly-mixed cementitious grout under static pressure.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is useful for determining the expansion and bleeding characteristics of freshly mixed fluid hydraulic cement grout commonly used in PA concrete and cementitious post-tensioning tendon grouts.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is useful for determining the expansion and bleeding characteristics of freshly mixed fluid hydraulic cement grout commonly used in PA concrete and cementitious post-tensioning tendon grouts.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is applicable to the determination of the fluidity of various fluid grout mixtures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure, used both in the laboratory and in the field, for determining the time of efflux of a specified volume of fluid hydraulic cement grout through a standardized flow cone and used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete; however, the test method may also be used for other fluid grouts.
1.2 It is for use with neat grout and with grouts containing fine aggregate all passing a 2.36-mm (No. 8) sieve.
1.3 This test method is intended for use with grout having an efflux time of 35 s or less.
1.4 When efflux time exceeds 35 s, flowability is better determined by flow table, found in Test Method C109/C109M, using 5 drops in 3 s.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method measures the ability of a grout mixture to retain its mixing water.
It is used for qualifying grout fluidifiers to be used in the production of PA concrete.
It may be used to compare the effects of various admixtures or materials combinations on the water retentivity properties of any cement-water grout.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the water retentivity of freshly mixed hydraulic cement grout mixtures for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method determines the setting time of grout mixed to the fluid consistency required for its use in PA concrete.
The time of setting is also useful in determining the acceptability of components of grout that must be mixed to the fluid consistency required for production of PA concrete.
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the determination test of time of setting of hydraulic cement grout mixtures used in preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete using the vicat apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete. Grout ingredients shall conform to the specified requirements for Portland cement, pozzolan, and fine aggregate composition. The fluidifier, tested in grout shall conform to the specified values of reduction in mixing water, expansion, bleeding, increase in water retentivity, initial and final setting time, and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information purposes only.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this standard: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is used for making test cylinders or prisms of PA concrete. Cylinders are used for determining compressive strength and approximate density. Prisms, cut from cylinders, eliminate the surface effect and thus more accurately represent the actual density of PA concrete in place.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making standard test cylinders used to determine the compressive strength and density of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice provides a standard procedure for selecting proportions for mixtures of grout to be used at fluid consistency in the production of PA concrete meeting applicable criteria for strength, density, and other properties.
This practice is also useful for determining the composition of grout mixed at fluid consistency and meeting specified requirements for filling voids, cavities, and spaces in rock, foundations, and concrete structures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the laboratory procedure for selecting proportions for grout mixtures required in the production of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method affords a means for determining the compressive strength of grouts that expand and, in use, harden under conditions of partial to total restraint.  
It is particularly applicable for determining the effect on compressive strength of grout fluidifier to be used with grout for PA concrete (See Specification C937).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the compressive strength of hydraulic cement grout for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers special aggregates for use in radiation-shielding concretes in which composition or high specific gravity, or both, are of prime consideration. Aggregates covered by specification include the natural mineral aggregates of either high density or high fixed water content, or both. These include aggregates that contain or consist predominately of materials such as barite, magnetite, hematite, ilmenite, and serpentine. Also included are synthetic aggregates such as iron, steel, ferrophosphorus and boron frit or other boron compounds. Fine aggregate consisting of natural or manufactured sand including high-density minerals. Coarse aggregate may consist of crushed ore, crushed stone, or synthetic products, or combinations or mixture thereof. Aggregates shall meet the required uniformity of specific gravity and fixed water content. The materials shall also meet the required chemical composition for serpentine, limonite, goethite, barite, ilmenite, hematite, magnetite, iron, ferrophosphorus, boron frit, boron carbide, calcium carbide.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers special aggregates for use in radiation-shielding concretes in which composition or high specific gravity, or both, are of prime consideration.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification:This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This descriptive nomenclature is intended to give accurate descriptions of some common or important naturally occurring and synthetic constituents of aggregates for radiation-shielding concrete, that, at the same time, are not common or important constituents of concrete aggregates in general use. While most of the minerals and rocks discussed below may occur in small quantities in aggregates in general use, they are not major constituents of such aggregates. Common constituents of aggregates in general use are described in Descriptive Nomenclature C294. Radiation-shielding concrete often contains such aggregates, but other special aggregates are used in some circumstances.
1.2 The synthetic aggregates included are ferrophosphorus and boron frit.
1.3 The descriptions are not adequate to permit the identification of materials, since accurate identification of natural and synthetic aggregate constituents in many cases can only be made by a qualified geologist, mineralogist, or petrographer, using the apparatus and procedures of those sciences.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts are used to provide precision support for machinery or equipment.
The machinery or equipment or support bases or plates, or combination thereof, are positioned to the precise elevation and location required. The bases or plates are typically placed on prepared foundations and supported on temporary shims or support bolts (jack screws). Forms are installed to contain the flowable grout. The grout is poured around the perimeter in such a manner as to allow the grout to flow around and under the equipment base or plates. The grout subsequently hardens to provide a strong rigid support layer capable of withstanding the stresses transferred by the equipment to the foundation.
In addition to the required physical properties of the grout, the flow and bearing area achieved are important considerations for effective grout installation. The two characteristics measured by this test method are flow and bearing area.
The flow test simulates typical application conditions for a flowable polymer machinery grout. It may be used to evaluate the suitability of a particular grout for a specific application, to compare the flowability and bearing area of two or more grouts, or to evaluate the effects of formulation changes, temperature, mixing techniques, or other factors on flowability.  
The estimated amount of upper grout surface contact in percent can be used to compare two or more grouts or show the effects of temperature, formulation changes, or other factors on bearing area. Because of the limited accuracy in estimating the percent of contact, a limited set of results is suggested (see 9.9.1). Visual guides are provided for comparative purposes (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measure of flowability of chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts as evaluated in a 2-in. (5-cm) or 1-in. (2.5-cm) pour thickness. The test method provides for the assessment of upper surface plate contact area (bearing area). These grouts will typically be two- or three-component formulations that may be used for installations where grout thickness will range from 1 to 6 in. (2.5 to 15 cm) underneath the base or plates being grouted.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method determines the setting time of grout mixed to the fluid consistency required for its use in PA concrete.
The time of setting is also useful in determining the acceptability of components of grout that must be mixed to the fluid consistency required for production of PA concrete.
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the determination test of time of setting of hydraulic cement grout mixtures used in preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete using the vicat apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods provide a means of measuring the total compressive deflection of chemical-resistant, machinery-grout materials under a sustained load at the test temperature. Test stress and temperature can be selected to simulate anticipated use conditions. For the purposes of these tests, creep is considered to be the compressive deflection in inches per inch, which occurs after the initial loading of the specimen at laboratory temperature. The results do not necessarily correlate for different specimen thicknesses.  No correlation has been established to actual-use conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover a quantitative, comparative test for compressive creep of chemical-resistant grouting materials under a sustained load at a test temperature. Constant load is maintained using a bolt and spring washers. Measurements are made at laboratory temperature after exposure periods at the selected test temperature.
1.2 Test Method A outlines the molding techniques for an unbonded test specimen. Test Method B covers the molding techniques for a bonded test specimen.
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.

SCOPE
1.1 This nomenclature is intended to give accurate descriptions of some common or important naturally occurring and synthetic constituents of aggregates for radiation-shielding concrete, that, at the same time, are not common or important constituents of concrete aggregates in general use. While most of the minerals and rocks discussed below may occur in small quantities in aggregates in general use, they are not major constituents of such aggregates. Common constituents of aggregates in general use are described in Descriptive Nomenclature C 294. Radiation-shielding concrete often contains such aggregates, but other special aggregates are used in some circumstances.
1.2 The synthetic aggregates included are ferrophosphorus and boron frit.
1.3 The descriptions are not adequate to permit the identification of materials, since accurate identification of natural and synthetic aggregate constituents in many cases can only be made by a qualified geologist, mineralogist, or petrographer, using the apparatus and procedures of those sciences.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is used for making test cylinders or prisms of PA concrete. Cylinders are used for determining compressive strength and approximate density. Prisms, cut from cylinders, eliminate the surface effect and thus more accurately represent the actual density of PA concrete in place.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making standard test cylinders used to determine the compressive strength and density of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice provides a standard procedure for selecting proportions for mixtures of grout to be used at fluid consistency in the production of PA concrete meeting applicable criteria for strength, density, and other properties.
This practice is also useful for determining the composition of grout mixed at fluid consistency and meeting specified requirements for filling voids, cavities, and spaces in rock, foundations, and concrete structures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the laboratory procedure for selecting proportions for grout mixtures required in the production of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete. Grout ingredients shall conform to the specified requirements for Portland cement, pozzolan, and fine aggregate composition. The fluidifier, tested in grout shall conform to the specified values of reduction in mixing water, expansion, bleeding, increase in water retentivity, initial and final setting time, and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information purposes only.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this standard: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method measures the ability of a grout mixture to retain its mixing water.
It is used for qualifying grout fluidifiers to be used in the production of PA concrete.
It may be used to compare the effects of various admixtures or materials combinations on the water retentivity properties of any cement-water grout.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the water retentivity of freshly mixed hydraulic cement grout mixtures for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts are used to provide precision support for machinery or equipment.
The machinery or equipment or support bases or plates, or combination thereof, are positioned to the precise elevation and location required. The bases or plates are typically placed on prepared foundations and supported on temporary shims or support bolts (jack screws). Forms are installed to contain the flowable grout. The grout is poured around the perimeter in such a manner as to allow the grout to flow around and under the equipment base or plates. The grout subsequently hardens to provide a strong rigid support layer capable of withstanding the stresses transferred by the equipment to the foundation.
In addition to the required physical properties of the grout, the flow and bearing area achieved are important considerations for effective grout installation. The two characteristics measured by this test method are flow and bearing area.
The flow test simulates typical application conditions for a flowable polymer machinery grout. It may be used to evaluate the suitability of a particular grout for a specific application, to compare the flowability and bearing area of two or more grouts, or to evaluate the effects of formulation changes, temperature, mixing techniques, or other factors on flowability.  
The estimated amount of upper grout surface contact in percent can be used to compare two or more grouts or show the effects of temperature, formulation changes, or other factors on bearing area. Because of the limited accuracy in estimating the percent of contact, a limited set of results is suggested (see 9.9.1). Visual guides are provided for comparative purposes (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measure of flowability of chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts as evaluated in a 2-in. (5-cm) or 1-in. (2.5-cm) pour thickness. The test method provides for the assessment of upper surface plate contact area (bearing area). These grouts will typically be two- or three-component formulations that may be used for installations where grout thickness will range from 1 to 6 in. (2.5 to 15 cm) underneath the base or plates being grouted.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measure of flowability of chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts as evaluated in a 2-in. (5-cm) or 1-in. (2.5-cm) pour thickness. The test method provides for the assessment of upper surface plate contact area (bearing area). These grouts will typically be two- or three-component formulations that may be used for installations where grout thickness will range from 1 to 6 in. (2.5 to 15 cm) underneath the base or plates being grouted.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover a quantitative, comparative test for compressive creep of chemical-resistant grouting materials under a sustained load at a test temperature. Constant load is maintained using a bolt and spring washers. Measurements are made at laboratory temperature after exposure periods at the selected test temperature.
1.2 Test Method A outlines the molding techniques for an unbonded test specimen. Test Method B covers the molding techniques for a bonded test specimen.
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the compressive strength of hydraulic cement grout for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 The values in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method affords a means for determining the compressive strength of grouts that expand and, in use, harden under conditions of partial to total restraint.  
It is particularly applicable for determining the effect on compressive strength of grout fluidifier to be used with grout for PA concrete (See Specification C 937).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the compressive strength of hydraulic cement grout for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 The values in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers special aggregates for use in radiation-shielding concretes in which composition or high specific gravity, or both, are of prime consideration. Aggregates covered by specification include the natural mineral aggregates of either high density or high fixed water content, or both. These include aggregates that contain or consist predominately of materials such as barite, magnetite, hematite, ilmenite, and serpentine. Also included are synthetic aggregates such as iron, steel, ferrophosphorus and boron frit or other boron compounds. Fine aggregate consisting of natural or manufactured sand including high-density minerals. Coarse aggregate may consist of crushed ore, crushed stone, or synthetic products, or combinations or mixture thereof. Aggregates shall meet the required uniformity of specific gravity and fixed water content. The materials shall also meet the required chemical composition for serpentine, limonite, goethite, barite, ilmenite, hematite, magnetite, iron, ferrophosphorus, boron frit, boron carbide, calcium carbide.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers special aggregates for use in radiation-shielding concretes in which composition or high specific gravity, or both, are of prime consideration.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This method is useful for determining the expansion and bleeding characteristics of freshly mixed fluid grout used in PA concrete.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the amount of expansion and accumulation of bleed water at the surface of freshly mixed hydraulic-cement grout used in the production of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 It is for use with cement grout whether or not it includes fine aggregate or mineral admixtures or both.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the amount of expansion and accumulation of bleed water at the surface of freshly mixed hydraulic-cement grout used in the production of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 It is for use with cement grout whether or not it includes fine aggregate or mineral admixtures or both.  
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.