ASTM G143-03(2009)

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended to simulate the slip of a flexible web on a roller in a machine or tribosystem that conveys web materials. Flexible webs such as plastic sheeting, paper, elastomers, metal foils, and cloth are often transported in manufacturing processes by combinations of driving and idler rollers. The friction characteristics of the web/roller interface often affects the web transport process. If the web/roller friction is too low, the web can slip on the rollers and be damaged or damage the roller. High friction on the other hand, can lead to steering problems and overloading of driving motors.
This test method can be used to rank rollers for their ability to resist slip versus a particular web material (high friction). Conversely this test method can assess web materials or web surface coatings such as waxes and lubricants. In this latter case, the goal may be a low-friction product made from a web (film, magnetic media, paper, and so forth).
If a tribosystem involves transport of a flexible web on a roller, this is an appropriate test to use to measure the friction characteristics of the roller/web couple.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the simulation of a roller/web transport tribosystem and the measurement of the static and kinetic coefficient of friction of the web/roller couple when sliding occurs between the two. The objective of this test method is to provide users with web/roller friction information that can be used for process control, design calculations, and for any other function where web/roller friction needs to be known.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2009
• ICS: 53.040.20 - Components for conveyors
• Technical Committee: G02 - Wear and Erosion
• Drafting Committee: G02.50 - Friction

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM G143-03(2004) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Replaced By: ASTM G143-03(2013) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM G194-08(2018) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Rolling Friction Characteristics of a Spherical Shape on a Flat Horizontal Plane
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM G115-10(2018) - Standard Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM G182-13(2018) - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Breakaway Friction Characteristics of Rolling Element Bearings
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G143 − 03(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
1
Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G143; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope G115 Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coeffi-
cients
1.1 This test method covers the simulation of a roller/web
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of
transport tribosystem and the measurement of the static and
Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Ero-
kinetic coefficient of friction of the web/roller couple when
sion Tests
sliding occurs between the two. The objective of this test
G163 Guide for Digital Data Acquisition in Wear and
method is to provide users with web/roller friction information
Friction Measurements
that can be used for process control, design calculations, and
for any other function where web/roller friction needs to be
3. Terminology
known.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this 3.1.1 blocking, n—unintentional adhesion between plastic
standard.
films or between a film and another surface. D883
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2 coeffıcient of friction, µ, n—in tribology—the dimen-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sionlessratioofthefrictionforce(F)betweentwobodiestothe
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
normal force (N) pressing these bodies together. G40
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.3 friction force, n—the resisting force tangential to the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
interface between two bodies when, under the action of
external force, one body moves or tends to move relative to the
2. Referenced Documents
other. G40
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.4 kinetic coeffıcient of friction, n— the coefficient of
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of friction under conditions of macroscopic relative motion be-
tween two bodies. G40
Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D3108 Test Method for Coefficient of Friction,Yarn to Solid
3.1.5 stick-slip, n—a cyclic fluctuation in the magnitudes of
Material
friction force and relative velocity between two elements in
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
sliding contact, usually associated with a relaxation oscillation
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
dependent on elasticity in the tribosystem and on a decrease of
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
the coefficient of friction with onset of sliding or with increase
Lot or Process
of sliding velocity. G40
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Classical or true stick-slip, in which
ASTM Test Methods
each cycle consists of a stage of actual stick followed by a
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
stage of overshoot slip, requires that the kinetic coefficient is
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
lower than the static coefficient.Amodified form of relaxation
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
oscillation, with near-harmonic fluctuation in motion, can
occur when the kinetic coefficient of friction decreases gradu-
1 ally with increasing velocity within a certain velocity range.A
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear
and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.50 on Friction. third type of stick-slip can be due to spatial periodicity of the
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally
friction coefficient along the path of contact. Random varia-
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as G143–03(2004). DOI:
tions in friction force measurement do not constitute stick-slip.
10.1520/G0143-03R09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.1.6 triboelement, n—one of two or more solid bodies
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
which comprise a sliding, rolling, or abrasive contact, or a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. body subjected to impingement or cavitation. G40
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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G143 − 03 (2009)
3.1.6.1 Dis
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:G143–03 (Reapproved 2004) Designation:G143–03 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
1
Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 143; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the simulation of a roller/web transport tribosystem and the measurement of the static and kinetic
coefficient of friction of the web/roller couple when sliding occurs between the two.The objective of this test method is to provide
users with web/roller friction information that can be used for process control, design calculations, and for any other function
where web/roller friction needs to be known.
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
D883ASTM Standards:
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D 1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D 3108 Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, Yarn to Solid Material
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E 122 Practice for Choice of Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With a Specified Tolerable Error, Precision, theAverage for
a Characteristic of a Lot or Process
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G40
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
G115 Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Erosion Tests
G163
G 163 Guide for Digital Data Acquisition in Wear and Friction Measurements
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 blocking, n—unintentional adhesion between plastic films or between a film and another surface. D883
3.1.2 coeffıcient of friction, µ, n—in tribology—the dimensionless ratio of the friction force (F) between two bodies to the
normal force (N) pressing these bodies together. G40
3.1.3 friction force, n—the resisting force tangential to the interface between two bodies when, under the action of external
force, one body moves or tends to move relative to the other. G40
3.1.4 kinetic coeffıcient of friction, n— the coefficient of friction under conditions of macroscopic relative motion between two
bodies. G40
3.1.5 stick-slip, n—a cyclic fluctuation in the magnitudes of friction force and relative velocity between two elements in sliding
contact, usually associated with a relaxation oscillation dependent on elasticity in the tribosystem and on a decrease of the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.50 on Friction .
Current edition approved NovMay 1, 2004.2009. Published November 2004.May 2009. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20032004 as
G143–03.G 143–03(2004).
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G143–03 (2009)
coefficient of friction with onset of sliding or with increase of sliding velocity. G40
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Classical or true stick-slip, in which each cycle consists of a stage of actual stick followed by a stage of
overshoot slip, requires that the kinetic coefficient is lower than the static coefficient. A modified form of relaxation oscillation,
with near-harmonic fluctuation
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:G143–96 Designation:G143–03 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
1
Measurement of Web/Roller Friction Characteristics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 143; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1This test method can be used to simulate a roller/web transport tribosystem and to measure the static and kinetic coefficient
of friction of the web/roller couple when sliding occurs between the two.The objective of this test method is to provide users with
web/roller friction information that can be used for process control, design calculations, and for any other function where
web/roller friction needs to be known.
1.2
1.1 This test method covers the simulation of a roller/web transport tribosystem and the measurement of the static and kinetic
coefficient of friction of the web/roller couple when sliding occurs between the two.The objective of this test method is to provide
users with web/roller friction information that can be used for process control, design calculations, and for any other function
where web/roller friction needs to be known.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D 1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D 3108 Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, Yarn to MetalSolid Material
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E 122 PracticeforChoiceofSampleSizetoEstimateaMeasureofQualityforaLotorProcessPracticeforCalculatingSample
Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or Process
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G40 Terminology Relating to Erosion and Wear Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
G115 Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
6
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Erosion Tests
Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Erosion Tests
G 163 Guide for Digital Data Acquisition in Wear and Friction Measurements
3. Terminology
3.1Definitions:
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 blockblocking, v—in plastics , the tendency for one plastic surface to adhere to another surface (usually another plastic)
after being in intimate contact for some residence time. Sometimes it takes hours, sometimes months. n—unintentional adhesion
between plastic films or between a film and another surface. D883
3.1.2 coeffıcient of friction, µ, n—in tribology—the dimensionless ratio of the friction force (F) between two bodies to the
normal force (N) pressing these bodies together. G40
3.1.3 friction force, n—the resisting force tangential to the interface between two bodies when, under the action of external
force, one body moves or tends to move relative to the other. G40
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G-2 G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.50 on Erosion .
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1996. Published December 1996.on Friction .
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as G 143–03(2004).
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 08.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G143–03 (2009)
3.1.4 kinetic coeffıcient of frict
...