ASTM D2809-94(1999)

Standard Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion Characteristics of Aluminum Pumps With Engine Coolants

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the cavitation corrosion and erosion-corrosion characteristics of aluminum automotive water pumps with coolants.  Note 1-During the development of this test method, it was found that results obtained when testing two-phase coolants did not correlate with results from field tests. Therefore, the test method cannot be recommended as being a significant test for determining cavitation effects of two-phase coolants.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 5.2.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-1999
• ICS: 23.080 - Pumps
• Technical Committee: D15 - Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
• Drafting Committee: D15.09 - Simulated Service Tests

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D2809-04 - Standard Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion Characteristics of Aluminum Pumps With Engine Coolants
• Effective Date: 01-May-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D5752-10(2017) - Standard Specification for Supplemental Coolant Additives (SCAs) for Use in Precharging Coolants for Heavy-Duty Engines
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D2847-22 - Standard Practice for Testing Engine Coolants in Car and Light Truck Service
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D7518-20 - Standard Specification for 1,3 Propanediol (PDO) Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D4985-10(2023) - Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D7714-11(2021) - Standard Specification for Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D3306-21 - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 2809 – 94 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Method for
Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion Characteristics
of Aluminum Pumps With Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2809; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
A,B
TABLE 1 Rating System
1. Scope
Rating Condition
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the cavitation
10 No corrosion or erosion present; no metal loss. No change from
corrosion and erosion-corrosion characteristics of aluminum
original casting configuration. Staining permitted.
automotive water pumps with coolants.
9 Minimal corrosion or erosion. Some rounding of sharp corners or light
smoothing or both, or polishing of working surfaces.
NOTE 1—During the development of this test method, it was found that
8 Light corrosion or erosion may be generalized on working
results obtained when testing two-phase coolants did not correlate with
surfaces. Dimensional change not to exceed 0.4 mm ( ⁄64 in.).
results from field tests. Therefore, the test method cannot be recommended
7 Corrosion or erosion with dimensional change not to exceed 0.8 mm
as being a significant test for determining cavitation effects of two-phase ( ⁄32 in.). Random pitting to 0.8 mm permitted.
6 Corrosion or erosion with dimensional change not to exceed 0.8 mm.
coolants.
Depressions, grooves, clusters of pits, or scalloping, or
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
both, within 0.8 mm dimensional change limit permitted.
5 Corrosion or erosion with dimensional change not to exceed 1.6 mm
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
( ⁄16 in.). Small localized areas of metal removal in
only.
high-impingement regions or random pits to 1.6 mm permitted.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4 Corrosion or erosion with dimensional change not to exceed 1.6 mm.
Small localized areas of metal removal in high-impingement regions,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
clusters of pits within 1.6 mm dimensional change. Random pits to 2.4
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
mm ( ⁄32 in.) permitted.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3 Corrosion or erosion with dimensional change not to exceed 2.4 mm.
Depressions, grooves, clusters of pits or scalloping, or
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
both, permitted.
statements are given in 5.2.
2 Corrosion or erosion with any dimensional change over 2.4 mm, and
short of pump case failure.
2. Referenced Documents 1 Pump case leaking due to corrision or erosion.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A
If placement in a rating group is uncertain or border-line, elevate the rating to
D 1176 Test Method for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous
the higher of the two groups in question.
B
Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing
Ratings 1 to 3 are dependent on pump-wall thickness and are intended to be
used as relative ratings for tests using a given pump.
Purposes
3. Summary of Test Method
inTable 1. Photographs of typical eroded pumps after testing
3.1 This test method consists of pumping an aqueous
appear in the Appendix.
coolant solution at 113°C (235°F) through a pressurized
NOTE 2—Tests run at other than 113°C (235°F) might show more or
103-kPa (15-psig) simulated automotive coolant system (Note
less cavitation depending upon the coolant formulation.
2). An aluminum automotive water pump, driven at 4600 r/min
by an electric motor, is used to pump the solution and to serve
4. Significance and Use
as the object specimen in evaluating the cavitation erosion-
4.1 This test method can be used to distinguish between
corrosion effect of the coolant under test. The pump is
coolants that contribute to cavitation corrosion and erosion-
examined to determine the extent of cavitation erosion-
corrosion of aluminum automotive water pumps and those that
corrosion damage and is rated according to the system given
do not. It is not intended that a particular rating number, as
determined from this test, will be equivalent to a certain
number of miles in a vehicle test; however, limited correlation
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine
Coolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.09 on Simulated
between bench and field service tests has been observed with
Service Tests.
single-phase coolants. Field tests under severe operating con-
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 1994. Published February 1995. Originally
ditions should be conducted as the final test if the actual effect
published as D 2809–69T. Last previous edition D 2809–89.
of the coolant on cavitation corrosion and erosion-corrosion is
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 2809 – 94 (1999)
FIG. 1 Aluminum Pump Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion Test Stand
to be appraised. It is also possible, with proper control of the 6. Test Solution
test variables, to determine the effect of pump design, materials
6.1 The test coolant is prepared by adding one part engine
of construction, and pump operating conditions on cavitation
coolant concentrate to five parts corrosive water by volume.
corrosion and erosion-corrosion damage.
The water shall contain 100 ppm each of sulfate, chloride, and
bicarbonate ions, added as sodium salts.
5. Apparatus
3 NOTE 4—The specified corrosive water can be prepared by dissolving
5.1 Pump Test Stand— Detailed drawings are available.
the following amounts of reagent grade anhydrous sodium salts in a
The copper, brass, and bronze flow circuit is illustrated in Fig.
quantity of distilled or deionized water:
1. The apparatus should be assembled upon a suitable platform
sodium sulfate 148 mg
or structure, with provisions for mounting controls and gages.
sodium chloride 165 mg
sodium bicarbonate 138 mg
5.2 Warning— The entire stand should be screened or
housed to protect personnel from hazardous scalding coolant
The resulting solution should be made up to a volume of 1 L with
in case of rupture in the pump, hose, or tubing. All belts and distilled or deionized water at 20°C.
If relatively large amounts of corrosive water are needed for testing, a
pulleys should be properly shielded.
concentrate may be prepared by dissolving ten times the above amounts of
5.3 Test Pump—Standard aluminum automotive water
the three chemicals, in distilled or deionized water, and adjusting the total
pump
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