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ASTM D8029-18

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids

Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids

ABSTRACT
This specification covers performance requirements for biodegradable hydraulic fluids with low aquatic toxicity used in industrial/mobile hydraulic applications. There are some cases where biodegradable fluids have been found to perform differently than traditional mineral oils, which makes separate performance requirements desirable.
Also included in this specification are requirements for environmental behavior and physical properties as well as compatibility of mixtures of hydraulic fluids.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers performance requirements for biodegradable hydraulic fluids with low aquatic toxicity used in industrial/mobile hydraulic applications.  
1.2 In some cases, biodegradable fluids have been found to perform differently than traditional mineral oils, thus separate performance requirements are desirable.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2018
ICS
75.120 - Hydraulic fluids
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.N0 - Hydraulic Fluids
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D8029-17a - Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
Effective Date
01-Oct-2018
Refers
ASTM D5864-23 - Standard Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
Effective Date
01-Nov-2023
Refers
ASTM D445-23 - Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2023
Refers
ASTM D2983-23 - Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
Effective Date
01-Nov-2023
Refers
ASTM D892-23 - Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
Effective Date
01-Oct-2023
Refers
ASTM D4310-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
Effective Date
01-Jan-2020
Refers
ASTM D665-19 - Standard Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
Effective Date
01-Dec-2019
Refers
ASTM D5864-18 - Standard Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
Effective Date
01-Jun-2018
Refers
ASTM D7752-18 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Hydraulic Fluids
Effective Date
01-Mar-2018
Refers
ASTM D1401-18 - Standard Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids
Effective Date
01-Mar-2018
Refers
ASTM D6866-18 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis
Effective Date
01-Mar-2018
Refers
ASTM D943-17 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
Effective Date
15-Jun-2017
Refers
ASTM D664-11a(2017) - Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
Effective Date
01-May-2017
Refers
ASTM D5864-17 - Standard Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
Effective Date
01-Jan-2017
Refers
ASTM D2983-16 - Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
Effective Date
15-Dec-2016

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ASTM D8029-18 - Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic FluidsASTM D8029-18 - Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
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REDLINE ASTM D8029-18 - Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic FluidsREDLINE ASTM D8029-18 - Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
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REDLINE ASTM D8029-18 - Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D8029 −18
Standard Specification for
1
Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8029; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* by Potentiometric Titration
D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
1.1 This specification covers performance requirements for
Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
biodegradable hydraulic fluids with low aquatic toxicity used
D892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricat-
in industrial/mobile hydraulic applications.
ing Oils
1.2 In some cases, biodegradable fluids have been found to
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited
perform differently than traditional mineral oils, thus separate
Mineral Oils
performance requirements are desirable.
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Indicator Titration
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
standard.
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
ucts by Hydrometer Method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D1401 TestMethodforWaterSeparabilityofPetroleumOils
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and Synthetic Fluids
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D2070 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
matic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Vis-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
cosity System
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Au-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tomaticTransmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubri-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
cants using a Rotational Viscometer
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
D3427 Test Method forAir Release Properties of Hydrocar-
2. Referenced Documents bon Based Oils
2
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
D4310 Test Method for Determination of Sludging and
Open Cup Tester
Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Bio-
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
degradation of Lubricants or Their Components
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
D6081 Practice for Aquatic Toxicity Testing of Lubricants:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
Sample Preparation and Results Interpretation
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
D6731 Test Method for Determining the Aerobic, Aquatic
ity)
Biodegradability of Lubricants or Lubricant Components
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
in a Closed Respirometer
D6866 Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocar-
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
bon Analysis
Subcommittee D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originally
Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of
approved in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D8029 – 17a. DOI:
10.1520/D8029-18.
Kinematic Viscosity)
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
D7043 Test Method for Indicating Wear Characteristics of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Non-Petroleum and Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Constant Volume Vane Pump
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D8029 − 17a D8029 − 18
Standard Specification for
1
Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8029; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers performance requirements for biodegradable hydraulic fluids with low aquatic toxicity used in
industrial/mobile hydraulic applications.
1.2 In some cases, biodegradable fluids have been found to perform differently than traditional mineral oils, thus separate
performance requirements are desirable.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
D892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1401 Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids
D2070 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Viscosity System
D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using
a Rotational Viscometer
D3427 Test Method for Air Release Properties of Hydrocarbon Based Oils
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4310 Test Method for Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
D6081 Practice for Aquatic Toxicity Testing of Lubricants: Sample Preparation and Results Interpretation
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2017October 2018. Originally approved in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as
D8029 – 17.D8029 – 17a. DOI: 10.1520/D8029-17A.10.1520/D8029-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8029 − 18
D6731 Test Method for Determining the Aerobic, Aquatic Biodegradability of Lubricants or Lubricant Components in a Closed
Respirometer
D6866 Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon A
...

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1.2.1 Exception—In 6.1.1, the material is designated in cSt as this is the common name used for this type of oil.  
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 1.3 and Section 6.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7043-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Indicating Wear Characteristics of Non-Petroleum and Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in a Constant Volume Vane Pump

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is an indicator of the wear characteristics of non-petroleum and petroleum hydraulic fluids operating in a constant volume vane pump. Excessive wear in vane pumps could lead to malfunction of hydraulic systems in critical applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a constant volume vane pump test procedure operated at 1200 r/min and 13.8 MPa.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—There are no SI equivalents for the inch fasteners and inch O-rings that are used in the apparatus in this test method.  
1.2.2 Exception—In some cases English pressure values are given in parentheses as a safety measure.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3700-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Floating Piston Cylinder

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice allows the collection of a representative sample of LPG that may contain trace volatile dissolved components such as methane, ethane, and nitrogen. Sampling by Practice D1265 can result in a small, but predictable, loss of these lighter components. Practice D1265 is suitable for collecting samples for routine specification testing, as the small loss of light components is not significant under Specification D1835 specification requirements. Practice D3700 is recommended whenever highly accurate determination of light components is required. For example, compositions determined on samples collected according to Practice D3700 may be used to establish the product value of NGL mixtures (see Appendix X1).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the equipment and procedures for obtaining a representative sample of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), such as specified in ASTM Specification D1835, GPA 2140, and comparable international standards. It may also be used for other natural gas liquid (NGL) products that are normally single phase (for example, NGL mix, field butane, and so forth), defined in other industry specifications or contractual agreements, and for volatile (higher vapor pressure) crude oils.
Note 1: Some floating piston cylinders have such tight piston seals that the vapor pressure of some high vapor pressure crude oils may not be sufficient to allow sampling without a handle to move the piston. An alternative sampling practice for UN Class 3 liquids (under 300 kPa at 52 °C) is Practice D8009, which utilizes a Manual Piston Cylinder (MPC) sampler.  
1.2 This practice is not intended for non-specification products that contain significant quantities of undissolved gases (N2, CO2), free water or other separated phases, such as raw or unprocessed gas/liquids mixtures and related materials. The same equipment can be used for these purposes, but additional precautions are generally needed to obtain representative samples of multi-phase products (see Appendix X1).  
1.3 This practice includes recommendations for the location of a sample point in a line or vessel. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the sampling point is located so as to obtain a representative sample.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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