ASTM C1074-04

Standard Practice for Estimating Concrete Strength by the Maturity Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice can be used to estimate the in-place strength of concrete to allow the start of critical construction activities such as: (1) removal of formwork and reshoring; (2) post-tensioning of tendons; (3) termination of cold weather protection; and (4) opening of the roadways to traffic.
This practice can be used to estimate strength of laboratory specimens cured under non-standard temperature conditions.
The major limitations of the maturity method are: (1) the concrete must be maintained in a condition that permits cement hydration; (2) the method does not take into account the effects of early-age concrete temperature on the long-term strength; and (3) the method needs to be supplemented by other indications of the potential strength of the concrete mixture.
The accuracy of the estimated strength depends, in part, on determining the appropriate maturity function for the particular concrete mixture.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides a procedure for estimating concrete strength by means of the maturity method. The maturity index is expressed either in terms of the temperature-time factor or in terms of the equivalent age at a specified temperature.
1.2 This practice requires establishing the strength-maturity relationship of the concrete mixture in the laboratory and recording the temperature history of the concrete for which strength is to be estimated.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2004
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.64 - Nondestructive and In-Place Testing

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1074-98 - Standard Practice for Estimating Concrete Strength by the Maturity Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM C1074-10 - Standard Practice for Estimating Concrete Strength by the Maturity Method
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C918/C918M-20 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Early-Age Compressive Strength and Projecting Later-Age Strength
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C125-21a - Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1074–04
Standard Practice for
Estimating Concrete Strength
1
by the Maturity Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1074; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
1.1 This practice provides a procedure for estimating con-
Specimens)
crete strength by means of the maturity method. The maturity
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete
index is expressed either in terms of the temperature-time
Test Specimens in the Laboratory
factor or in terms of the equivalent age at a specified tempera-
C403/C403M Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete
ture.
Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
1.2 This practice requires establishing the strength-maturity
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
relationship of the concrete mixture in the laboratory and
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
recording the temperature history of the concrete for which
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
strength is to be estimated.
C684 Test Method for Making, Accelerated Curing, and
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Testing Concrete Compression Test Specimens
standard.
C803/C803M Test Method for Penetration Resistance of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Hardened Concrete
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C873 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Concrete
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Cylinders Cast in Place in Cylindrical Molds
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
C900 Test Method for Pullout Strength of Hardened Con-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh
crete
hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
2
C918 Test Method for Measuring Early-Age Compressive
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
Strength and Projecting Later-Age Strength
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-
3.1.1 datum temperature—thetemperaturethatissubtracted
lindrical Concrete Specimens
from the measured concrete temperature for calculating the
C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using
temperature-time factor according to Eq 1.
Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
3.1.2 equivalent age—the number of days or hours at a
specified temperature required to produce a maturity equal to
the maturity achieved by a curing period at temperatures
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete
different from the specified temperature.
andConcreteAggregatesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC09.64on
Nondestructive and In-Place Testing.
3.1.3 maturity—the extent of the development of a property
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2004.PublishedJuly2004.Originallyapproved
of a cementitious mixture.
in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as C1074 – 98. DOI: 10.1520/
3.1.3.1 Discussion—While the term is used usually to
C1074-04.
2
describe the extent of relative strength development, it can also
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
be applied to the evolution of other properties that are
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
dependent on the chemical reactions that occur in a cementi-
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
tious mixture. At any age, maturity depends on the curing
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. history.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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C1074–04
3.1.4 maturity function—a mathematical expression that 6. Maturity Functions
uses the measured temperature history of a cementitious
6.1 There are two alternative functions for computing the
mixture during the curing period to calculate an index that is
maturity index from the measured temperature history of the
indicative of the maturity at the end of that period. Refer to
concrete.
Appendix X1 for additional discussion of this term.
6.2 One maturity function is used to compute the
3.1.5 maturity index—an indicator of maturity that is calcu-
t
...