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ASTM D2887-04a

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538°C (1000°F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55°C (100°F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D 3710.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2004
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.04.0H - Chromatographic Distribution Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2887-04 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D2887-06 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Aug-2006
Referred By
ASTM D7223-21 - Standard Specification for Aviation Certification Turbine Fuel
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D7500-15(2019) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Boiling Range Distribution of Distillates and Lubricating Base Oils—in Boiling Range from 100 °C to 735 °C by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D7398-21 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in the Boiling Range from 100 °C to 615 °C by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D976-21e1 - Standard Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate Fuels
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D6743-20 - Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Organic Heat Transfer Fluids
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D8519-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbon Types in Waste Plastic Process Oil Using Gas Chromatography with Vacuum Ultraviolet Absorption Spectroscopy Detection (GC-VUV)
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D3907/D3907M-19 - Standard Test Method for Testing Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts by Microactivity Test
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D6074-15(2022) - Standard Guide for Characterizing Hydrocarbon Lubricant Base Oils
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D3699-19 - Standard Specification for Kerosine
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D7215-22 - Standard Test Method for Calculated Flash Point from Simulated Distillation Analysis of Distillate Fuels
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D7863-22 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient of Liquids
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D2549-23 - Standard Test Method for Separation of Representative Aromatics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling Oils by Elution Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004
Referred By
ASTM D8147-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Special-Purpose Test Fuels for Aviation Compression-Ignition Engines
Effective Date
01-Jul-2004

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ASTM D2887-04a - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas ChromatographyASTM D2887-04a - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
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ASTM D2887-04a - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 2887 – 04a
Designation: 406
Standard Test Method for
Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas
,
1 2
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2887; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D 1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products
at Reduced Pressure
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling
D 2892 Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum
range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is
(15-Theoretical Plate Column)
applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final
D 3710 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of
boiling point of 538°C (1000°F) or lower at atmospheric
Gasoline and Gasoline Fractions by Gas Chromatography
pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55°C
Petroleum Products
(100°F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit
D 4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
sampling at ambient temperature.
Response Factors
1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of
D 6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improve-
gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of
ment of the Expected Agreement Between Two Test
samples must be analyzed by Test Method D 3710.
Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Material
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
E 260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
information only.
E 355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Rela-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tionships
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E 516 Practice for Testing Thermal Conductivity Detectors
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Used in Gas Chromatography
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
E 594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions—This test method makes reference to many
D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
common gas chromatographic procedures, terms, and relation-
Atmospheric Pressure
ships. Detailed definitions of these can be found in Practices
E 260, E 355, and E 594.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3.2.1 area slice—the area, resulting from the integration of
D02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis.
the chromatographic detector signal, within a specified reten-
Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Originally approved
tiontimeinterval.Inareaslicemode(see6.3.2),peakdetection
in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 2887–04.
2
This standard has been developed through the cooperative effort between
parameters are bypassed and the detector signal integral is
ASTM and the Institute of Petroleum, London. The IP andASTM logos imply that
recorded as area slices of consecutive, fixed duration time
theASTM and IP standards are technically equivalent, but their use does not imply
intervals.
that both standards are editorially identical.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 3.2.2 corrected area slice—an area slice corrected for base-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
line offset, by subtraction of the exactly corresponding area
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
slice in a previously recorded blank (non-sample) analysis.
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 2887 – 04a
3.2.3 cumulative corrected area—the accumulated sum of 6. Apparatus
correctedareaslicesfromthebeginningoftheanalysisthrough
6.1 Chromatograph—The gas chromatograph used must
a given retention time, ignoring any non-sample area (for
have the following performance characteristics
...

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Note 2: Oil tubes and apparatus used in this test method have traditionally been marked in inches, (the tube is required to be etched with 1/8 in. divisions.) The Saybolt Color Numbers are aligned with inch, 1/2 in., 1/4 in., and 1/8 in. changes in the depth of oil. These fractional inch changes do not readily correspond to SI equivalents and in view of the preponderance of apparatus already in use and marked in inches, the inch/pound unit is regarded as the standard. However the test method does use SI units of length when the length is not directly related to divisions on the oil tube and Saybolt Color Numbers. The test method uses SI units for temperature.  
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Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity of a Blend of Petroleum Products

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5.1 Predicting the viscosity of a blend of components is a common problem. Both the Wright Blending Method and the ASTM Blending Method, described in this practice, may be used to solve this problem.  
5.2 The inverse problem, predicating the required blend fractions of components to meet a specified viscosity at a given temperature may also be solved using either the Inverse Wright Blending Method or the Inverse ASTM Blending Method.  
5.3 The Wright Blending Methods are generally preferred since they have a firmer basis in theory, and are more accurate. The Wright Blending Methods require component viscosities to be known at two temperatures. The ASTM Blending Methods are mathematically simpler and may be used when viscosities are known at a single temperature.  
5.4 Although this practice was developed using kinematic viscosity and volume fraction of each component, the dynamic viscosity or mass fraction, or both, may be used instead with minimal error if the densities of the components do not differ greatly. For fuel blends, it was found that viscosity blending using mass fractions gave more accurate results. For base stock blends, there was no significant difference between mass fraction and volume fraction calculations.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
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Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)

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5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is intended primarily for the detection of mercaptans in motor fuel, kerosine, and similar petroleum products. This method may also provide information on hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur that may be present in these sample types.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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ASTM D2887-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.  
5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
Note 1: Since a boiling range is the difference between two temperatures, only the constant of 1.8 °F/°C is used in the conversion of the temperature range from one system of units to another.  
1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
1.1.2 Procedure B (Sections 15 – 23)—Is restricted to only 3 capillary columns and requires no sample dilution. In addition, Procedure B is used not only for the sample types described in Procedure A but also for the analysis of samples containing biodiesel mixtures B5, B10, and B20. The analysis time, when using Procedure B (Accelerated D2887), is reduced to about 8 min.  
1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D7096.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    35 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off