ASTM D3244-18
(Practice)Standard Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
Standard Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides a means whereby the parties to a transaction can resolve potential quality disputes over those product properties which can be tested and expressed numerically.
4.1.1 This practice can be used to ensure that such properties are correctly stated on labels or in other descriptions of the product.
4.1.2 This practice can be implemented in those cases where a supplier uses an in-house or a commercial testing laboratory to sample and test a product prior to releasing the product to a shipper (intermediate receiver) and the ultimate receiver also uses an in-house or commercial testing laboratory to sample and test the product upon arrival at the destination. The ATV would still be determined according to 8.3.
4.2 This practice can assist in the determination of tolerances from specification limits which will ensure that the true value of a property is sufficiently close to the specification value with a mutually agreed probability so that the product is acceptable to the receiver. Such tolerances are bounded by an acceptance limit (AL). If the ATV value determined by applying this practice falls on the AL or on the acceptable side of the AL, the product can be accepted; otherwise it shall be deemed to have failed the product acceptance requirement established by applying this practice.
4.3 Application of this practice requires the AL be determined prior to actual commencement of testing. Therefore, the degree of criticality of the specification, as determined by the Probability of Acceptance (P value) that is required to calculate the AL, shall have been mutually agreed upon between both parties prior to execution of actual product testing.
4.3.1 This agreement should include a decision as to whether the ATV is to be determined by the absolute or rounding-off method of Practice E29, as therein defined.
4.3.1.1 If the rounding-off method is to be used, the number of significant digits to be retained must also be agreed upon.
...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers guidelines and statistical methodologies with which two parties, usually a supplier and a receiver, can compare and combine independently obtained test results to obtain an Assigned Test Value (ATV) for the purpose of resolving a product quality dispute.
1.2 This practice defines a technique for comparing an ATV with a specification limit.
1.3 This practice applies only to those test methods which specifically state that the repeatability and reproducibility values conform to the definitions herein.
1.4 The statistical principles and methodology outlined in this practice can also be used to obtain an ATV for specification conformance decision when multiple results are obtained for the same batch of product within a single laboratory. For this application, site precision (R') as defined in Practice D6299 shall be used in lieu of test method published reproducibility (R).
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation:D3244 −18 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with
1
Specifications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3244; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The properties of commercial petroleum products are measured by standardized laboratory test
methods to assess their conformance to specifications. Two or more measurement results obtained by
performing the same test method for the same property of a specific sample usually will not be
numerically identical. Therefore, the test methods generally include a paragraph on the precision of
results. This precision (or, a more appropriate term is imprecision) is an expression of the degree of
agreement that can be expected between the aforementioned measurements.
Many difficulties that arise in assessing conformance to specifications are due to test imprecision.
Becauseofthis,atruevalueofapropertycanneverbedeterminedexactly;anditisnecessarytoinfer
frommeasuredvaluestherangewithinwhichthe“truevalue”islikelytolie.Themainpurposeofthis
practice is to indicate how test imprecision should be interpreted relative to specification limit values.
1. Scope* Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This practice covers guidelines and statistical method-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ologies with which two parties, usually a supplier and a
receiver,cancompareandcombineindependentlyobtainedtest
2. Referenced Documents
results to obtain anAssigned Test Value (ATV) for the purpose
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of resolving a product quality dispute.
D1319Test Method for HydrocarbonTypes in Liquid Petro-
1.2 This practice defines a technique for comparing an ATV
leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
with a specification limit.
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.3 This practice applies only to those test methods which
Petroleum Products
specifically state that the repeatability and reproducibility
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
values conform to the definitions herein.
Petroleum Products
D6299Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
1.4 The statistical principles and methodology outlined in
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
thispracticecanalsobeusedtoobtainan ATVforspecification
Measurement System Performance
conformance decision when multiple results are obtained for
D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
the same batch of product within a single laboratory. For this
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
application, site precision (R’) as defined in Practice D6299
Lubricants
shall be used in lieu of test method published reproducibility
D6792Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petro-
(R).
leum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Laboratories
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D7372Guide for Analysis and Interpretation of Proficiency
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Test Program Results
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of D02.94 on
Coordinating Subcommittee on Quality Assurance and Statistics.
2
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originally For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
published as an appendix to the 1968 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 18. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Originally approved as a standard in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2016 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
as D3244–16. DOI: 10.1520/D3244-18. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3244−18
3
2.2 ISO Standard: identical test items in different laboratories with different
ISO 4259Determination and Application of Precision Data operators using different equipment. D6300
in Relation to Methods of Test
3.1.13 result, n—the value obtained by following the com-
plete set of instructions of a test method.
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3244 − 16 D3244 − 18 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with
1
Specifications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3244; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The properties of commercial petroleum products are measured by standardized laboratory test
methods to assess their conformance to specifications. Two or more measurement results obtained by
performing the same test method for the same property of a specific sample usually will not be
numerically identical. Therefore, the test methods generally include a paragraph on the precision of
results. This precision (or, a more appropriate term is imprecision) is an expression of the degree of
agreement that can be expected between the aforementioned measurements.
Many difficulties that arise in assessing conformance to specifications are due to test imprecision.
Because of this, a true value of a property can never be determined exactly; and it is necessary to infer
from measured values the range within which the “true value” is likely to lie. The main purpose of this
practice is to indicate how test imprecision should be interpreted relative to specification limit values.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers guidelines and statistical methodologies with which two parties, usually a supplier and a receiver, can
compare and combine independently obtained test results to obtain an Assigned Test Value (ATV) for the purpose of resolving a
product quality dispute.
1.2 This practice defines a technique for comparing an ATV with a specification limit.
1.3 This practice applies only to those test methods which specifically state that the repeatability and reproducibility values
conform to the definitions herein.
1.4 The statistical principles and methodology outlined in this practice can also be used to obtain an ATV for specification
conformance decision when multiple results are obtained for the same batch of product within a single laboratory. For this
application, site precision (R’) as defined in Practice D6299 shall be used in lieu of test method published reproducibility (R).
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of D02.94 on
Coordinating Subcommittee on Quality Assurance and Statistics.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016Oct. 1, 2018. Published June 2016October 2018. Originally published as an appendix to the 1968 Annual Book of ASTM Standards,
Part 18. Originally approved as a standard in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20122016 as D3244 – 12.D3244 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D3244-16.10.1520/D3244-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3244 − 18
D7372 Guide for Analysis and Interpretation of Proficiency Test Program Results
E29
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