ASTM G174-04(2009)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Materials by Abrasive Loop Contact
Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Materials by Abrasive Loop Contact
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test is useful for screening materials for use in tools that are subjected to abrasion from the material that is being machined, worked, or formed. It has been used to screen tool steels for punch press dies, hardfacings for earth-moving machinery, and wear coatings. This is simpler to build and use than those used in the Test Method G 132 abrasion test which, like this test, uses a fixed abrasive counterface to abrade a test material.
The one-hour test is intended for metals and materials that are softer than hardened steel (67 HRC), but may be applied to harder materials (see 7.1.7).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers ranking rigid engineering materials for abrasion resistance in rubbing against aluminum oxide abrasive finishing tape. Though most solids can be tested, this test method addresses its use for metals, and coatings applied to metals.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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´1
Designation: G174 − 04 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Materials by Abrasive
Loop Contact
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G174; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Minor editorial changes were made throughout in May 2009.
1. Scope 3.1.1 abrasive wear, n—wear due to hard particles or hard
protuberances forced against, and moving along, a solid
1.1 This test method covers ranking rigid engineering ma-
surface.
terials for abrasion resistance in rubbing against aluminum
oxide abrasive finishing tape. Though most solids can be 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tested, this test method addresses its use for metals, and
3.2.1 abrasion, n—the process of abrasive wear.
coatings applied to metals.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Terminology G40 does not define abra-
sion.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2.2 abrasion resistance, n—in tribology, the ability of a
standard.
material to resist damage or attrition by abrasion.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.3 fixed abrasive tape, n—hard particles or grains bonded
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
(fixed) to one side of a flexible web with a resin or similar
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
binder. The particles can be of any hard material and vary in
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
size. (This abrasive medium is also known as “finishing tape,”
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
“microfinishing tape,” “microfinishing film,” or “finishing
film.”)
2. Referenced Documents
2 3.2.4 flexible web, n—plastic, paper, rubber, or other mate-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
rial that is thin enough to conform to a 180° wrap around a
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
16-mm diameter cylinder under a tension of less than
ASTM Test Methods
1.8 kg⁄cm width.
E178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
4. Summary of Test Method
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
4.1 This test involves rubbing an abrasive tape loop initially
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of
in line-contact with a solid surface.The tape abrasion produces
Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Ero-
a groove in the test surface, and the volume of material
sion Tests
removed in a designated amount of abrasive rubbing is
G132 Test Method for Pin Abrasion Testing
measured by mass loss or by calculation from the groove
geometry. The continuous loop of abrasive is used for the
3. Terminology
duration of the test and then discarded.Afresh loop is used for
each one-hour test.
3.1 Definitions:
4.2 The wear volume produced in this test provides a
measure of the ability of a surface to resist wear damage from
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear
abrasive substances. The smaller the wear volume in this test,
and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive
Wear. the better the abrasion resistance.
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally
4.3 The test was developed using 30 µm-mean diameter
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as G174 – 04. DOI:
10.1520/G0174-04R09E01.
aluminum oxide abrasive on a 127 µm-thick polyester support,
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
but other commercially available abrasive tapes could be used.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
The test has also been used with webs such as paper that are
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. inherently abrasive to many materials.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
G174 − 04 (2009)
FIG. 1 Schematic of Test Rig
5. Significance and Use less than 0.2 µm Ra. The surface lay shall be aligned with the
longaxisofthetestspecimen.Whentestingmoldedsurfacesor
5.1 Thistestisusefulforscreeningmaterialsforuseintools
specific finishes, the test samples should have the finish of
that are subjected to abrasion from the material that is being
interest on the test faces.
machined, worked, or formed. It has been used to screen tool
7.1.2 Cleaning—Cleaning is not needed if the test surfaces
steels for punch press dies, hardfacings for earth-moving
are untouched after the sample preparation and no lubricants,
machinery, and wear coatings. This is simpler to build and use
and so forth, were used in fabrication. If the surfaces are
than those used in the Test Method G132 abrasion test which,
contaminated, clean in a solvent that will not leave a surface
like this test, uses a fixed abrasive counterface to abrade a test
film or degrade the properties of the test surface (acetone is
material.
suitable for most metals).
5.2 The one-hour test is intended for metals and materials
7.1.3 Weighing—If mass change is going to be used as the
that are softer than hardened steel (67 HRC), but may be
test metric, weigh the test specimen to the nearest tenth of a
applied to harder materials (see 7.1.7).
milligram and record this as the initial weight.
6. Apparatus
7.1.4 Sample Attachment—Affix the test sample to loading
arm and the 200 g-loading mass over the line where the
6.1 The test apparatus used in interlaboratory tests is illus-
specimen has tangential contact with the tape.
trated in Fig. 1.A132-cm long by 25.4-mm wide abrasive tape
is made into a continuous loop with a pressure sensitive 7.1.5 Belt Tensioning—Tension the abrasive belt over the
adhesive (PSA) butt splice (Fig. 2). The web is tensioned to drive spindle and idler rollers by moving idler rollers. Check
form a triangle with the 16-mm diameter drive spindle at the the loop for slip with a mark on the tape and spindle. Loops are
apex. The idler rolls can be of any diameter, but a convenient used only once for one hour.
size is about 50 mm radius with flanges to prevent lateral
7.1.6 Check Systems Alignment—Tapered scars will result if
movement of the tape. The test sample shall have the dimen-
the sample is not parallel to the drive spindle. Check alignment
sions shown in Fig. 3. It is clamped or attached to the
by putting pressure sensing media on the spindle and bring the
counterbalanced loading arm with PSAfoam. The loading arm
specimen in contact with the spindle. The pressure-sensing
is pivoted on rolling element bearings. A200 g loading mass is
medium must show line contact across the sample width. Thin
attached to the pivot arm and centered directly over the line
foils (less than 25 µm) can also be used to make sure that both
contact between the specimen and drive spindle.
edgesofthetestsamplearecontactingthespindles.Putthefoil
betweenthespindleandtheedgeofthesampleandpullthefoil
6.2 One idler roller must be adjustable to produce tape
out. Repeat on the other side. Equal pull force on both sides
tensionsufficienttodrivethetapewithspindle-to-tapeslippage
of less than 20 m in a one-hour test time. The drive spindle shows good alignment, and can be measured with a force
measuring device. Lock the aligned sample arm in place. Put
shall be 16 mm in diameter and have a total indicated run-out
of less than 20 µm at a rotational speed of 300 rpm. the loop on and tension it as in 7.1.5. Turn the tester on for 5
to 10 s and lift the sample arm and check for a uniform wear
7. Test Procedure
scar across the sample width.
7.1.7 Testing—Set the spindle rotational speed to 300 rpm
7.1 Standard Test for Metals Softer than 67 HRC:
7.1.1 Specimen Preparation—The test surfaces (7.6 by and turn the tester on. Start timing or set a time on the machine
32 mm)shouldhaveagroundorlappedfinishwitharoughness power to shut off after one hour.
´1
G174 − 04 (2009)
1—8 mil-thick microfinishing film was used in interlaboratory tests. It was purchased at:
3M Corporation
Imperial Lapping Film 262L
Grade 30 MIC, Mineral A/O
Backing 5 mil Size 1 by 150 by 3 in.
2—Scotch Magic Tape (3M Corp.) was used in interlaboratory tests
3—3M Corp.
3M Center, Building 251-2A-08
St. Paul, MN 55144–1000 USA
NOTE 1—Some tapes may have a release agent on the back that must be removed by abrasion followed by solvent wipe.
FIG. 2 Loop Splicing Detail
NOTE 1—0.1 to 0.2 µm Ra surface roughness on test surface.
FIG. 3 Loop Abrasion Test Sample
NOTE1—Somecementedcarbidesandotherhardmaterialsmayrequire
7.1.8 Scar Measurement—Cleanweardebrisfromthespeci-
a longer time to develop a measurable wear scar. Sometimes these
men with an acetone or alcohol wipe or other suitable
materials require several one-hour test cycles with th
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:G174–04 Designation:G174–04 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Materials by Abrasive
Loop Contact
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 174; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Minor editorial changes were made throughout in May 2009.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers ranking rigid engineering materials for abrasion resistance in rubbing against a 30-µm aluminum
oxide abrasive finishing tape. Though most solids can be tested, this test method addresses its use for metals, and coatings applied
to metals.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesesNo other units of
measurement are for information only. included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Accuracy as Applied to Measurement of a Property of a Material Practice
for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E 178 Practice for Dealing withWith Outlying Observations
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Inter-laboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G40 Terminology Relating to Erosion and Wear Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of Precision Using Data from Inter-laboratory Wear andor Erosion Tests
G 132 Test Method for Pin Abrasion Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 abrasive wear, n—wear due to hard particles or hard protuberances forced against, and moving along, a solid surface.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 abrasion, n—the process of abrasive wear.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Terminology G 40 does not define abrasion.
3.2.2 abrasion resistance, n— in tribology, the ability of a material to resist damage or attrition by abrasion.
3.2.3 fixed abrasive tape, n—hard particles or grains bonded (fixed) to one side of a flexible web with a resin or similar binder.
theThe particles can be of any hard material and vary in size. (This abrasive medium is also known as “finishing tape,”
“microfinishing tape,” “microfinishing film,” or “finishing film.”)
3.2.4 flexible web, n—plastic, paper, rubber, or other material that is thin enough to conform to a 180° wrap around a 16-mm
diameter cylinder under a tension of less than 1.8 kg/cm width.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test involves rubbing an abrasive tape loop initially in line-contact with a solid surface. The tape abrasion produces a
groove in the test surface, and the volume of material removed in a designated amount of abrasive rubbing is measured by mass
loss or by calculation from the groove geometry. The continuous loop of abrasive is used for the duration of the test and then
discarded. A fresh loop is used for each one-hour test.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive Wear.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approve din 2003 as G174–03.
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as G 174–04.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
´1
G174–04 (2009)
4.2 The wear volume produced in this test provides a measure of the ability of a surface to resist wear damage from abrasive
substances. The smaller the wear volume in this test, the better the abrasion resistance.
4.3 Thetestwasdevelopedusing30µm-meandiameteraluminumoxideabrasiveona127µm-thickpolyestersupport,butother
commercially available abrasive tapes could be used. The test has also been used with webs such as paper that are inherently
abrasive to many materials.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test is useful for screening materials for use in tools that are subjected to abrasion from the material that is being
machined, worked, or formed. It has been used to screen tool steels for punch press dies, hardfacings for earth-moving machinery,
and wear coatings. This test utilizes a test that is simpler to build and use than those used in the Test Method G 132 abrasion test
which, like this test, uses a fixed abrasive counterface to abrade a test material.
5.2 The one-hour test is intended for metals and materials that are softer than hardened steel (67 HRC), but may be applied to
harder materials (see 7.1.7).
6. Apparatus
6.1 The test apparatus used in inter-laboratory tests is illustrated in Fig. 1. A 132-cm long by 25.4-mm wide abrasive tape is
made into a continuous loop with a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) butt splice (Fig. 2). The web is tensioned to form a triangle
with the 16-mm diameter drive spindle at the apex. The idler rolls can be of any diameter, but a convenient size is about 50 mm
radius with flanges to prevent lateral movement of the tape. The test sample shall have the dimensions shown in Fig. 3. It is
clamped or attached to the counterbalanced loading arm with PSAfoam. The loading arm is pivoted on rolling element bearings.
A 200 g loading mass is attached to the pivot arm and centered directly over the line contact between the specimen and drive
spindle.
6.2 One idler roller must be adjustable to produce tape tension sufficient to drive the tape with spindle-to-tape slippage of less
than 20 m in a one-hour test time. The drive spindle shall be 16 mm in diameter and have a total indicated run-out of less than
20 µm at a rotational speed of 300 rpm.
7. Test Procedure
7.1 Standard Test for Metals Softer than 67 HRC:
7.1.1 Specimen Preparation—Thetestsurfaces(7.6by32 mm)shouldhaveagroundorlappedfinishwitharoughnesslessthan
0.2 µm Ra. The surface lay shall be aligned with the long axis of the test specimen. When testing molded surfaces or specific
finishes, the test samples should have the finish of interest on the test faces.
7.1.2 Cleaning—Cleaning is not needed if the test surfaces are untouched after the sample preparation and no lubricants, and
so forth, were used in fabrication. If the surfaces are contaminated, clean in a solvent that will not leave a surface film or degrade
the properties of the test surface (acetone is suitable for most metals).
7.1.3 Weighing—Ifmasschangeisgoingtobeusedasthetestmetric,weighthetestspecimentothenearesttenthofamilligram
and record this as the initial weight.
7.1.4 Sample Attachment—Affix the test sample to loading arm and the 200 g-loading mass over the line where the specimen
has tangential contact with the tape.
7.1.5 Belt Tensioning—Tension the abrasive belt over the drive spindle and idler rollers by moving idler rollers. Check the loop
for slip with a mark on the tape and spindle. Loops are used only once for one hour.
FIG. 1 Schematic of Test Rig
´1
G174–04 (2009)
1—8 mil-thick microfinishing film was used in inter-laboratory tests. It was purchased at:
3M Corporation
Imperial Lapping Film 262L
Grade 30 MIC, Mineral A/O
Backing 5 mil Size 1 by 150 by 3 in.
2—Scotch Magic Tape (3M Corp.) was used in inter-laboratory tests
3—3M Corp.
3M Center, Building 251-2A-08
St. Paul, MN 55144–1000 USA
NOTE—Some tapes may have a release agent on the back that must be removed by abrasion followed by solvent wipe.
FIG. 2 Loop Splicing Detail
NOTE—0.1 to 0.2 µm Ra surface roughness on test surface.
FIG. 3 Loop Abrasion Test Sample
7.1.6 Check Systems Alignment—Tapered scars will result if the sample is not parallel to the drive spindle. Check alignment
by putting pressure sensing media on the spindle and bring the specimen in contact with the spindle.The pressure-sensing medium
must show line contact across the sample width. Thin foils (less than 25 µm) can also be used to make sure that both edges of the
´1
G174–04 (2009)
test sample are contacting the spindles. Put the foil between the spindle and the edge of the sample and pull the foil out. Repeat
on the other side. Equal pull force on both sides shows good alignment, and can be measured with a force measuring device. Lock
the aligned sample arm in place. Put the loop on and tension it as in 7.1.5. Turn the tester on for 5 to 10 s and lift the sample arm
and check for a uniform wear s
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:G174–03 Designation:G174–04 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Materials by Abrasive
Loop Contact
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 174; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Minor editorial changes were made throughout in May 2009.
1. Scope
1.1This test method covers ranking rigid engineering materials for abrasion resistance in rubbing against a 30-µm aluminum
oxide abrasive finishing tape. Though most solids can be tested, this test method addresses its use for metals, and coatings applied
to metals.
1.2
1.1 This test method covers ranking rigid engineering materials for abrasion resistance in rubbing against aluminum oxide
abrasive finishing tape. Though most solids can be tested, this test method addresses its use for metals, and coatings applied to
metals.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Accuracy as Applied to Measurement of a Property of a Material
E178Practice for Dealing with Outlying Observations
E691Practice for Conducting an Inter-laboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method Practice for Use of the
Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E 178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G40 Terminology Relating to ErosionWear and Wear Erosion
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of Precision Using Data from Inter-laboratory Wear andor Erosion Tests
G 132 Test Method for Pin Abrasion Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 abrasive wear, n—wear due to hard particles or hard protuberances forced against, and moving along, a solid surface.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 abrasion, n—the process of abrasive wear.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Terminology G 40 does not define abrasion.
3.2.2 abrasion resistance, n— in tribology, the ability of a material to resist damage or attrition by abrasion.
3.2.3 fixed abrasive tape, n—hard particles or grains bonded (fixed) to one side of a flexible web with a resin or similar binder.
theThe particles can be of any hard material and vary in size. (This abrasive medium is also known as “finishing tape,”
“microfinishing tape,” “microfinishing film,” or “finishing film.”)
3.2.4 flexible web, n—plastic, paper, rubber, or other material that is thin enough to conform to a 180° wrap around a 16-mm
diameter cylinder under a tension of less than 1.8 kg/cm width.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive Wear.
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published July 2003.
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as G 174–04.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 03.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
´1
G174–04 (2009)
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test involves rubbing an abrasive tape loop initially in line-contact with a solid surface. The tape abrasion produces a
groove in the test surface, and the volume of material removed in a designated amount of abrasive rubbing is measured by mass
loss or by calculation from the groove geometry. The continuous loop of abrasive is used for the duration of the test and then
discarded. A fresh loop is used for each one-hour test.
4.2 The wear volume produced in this test provides a measure of the ability of a surface to resist wear damage from abrasive
substances. The smaller the wear volume in this test, the better the abrasion resistance.
4.3 Thetestwasdevelopedusing30µm-meandiameteraluminumoxideabrasiveona127µm-thickpolyestersupport,butother
commercially available abrasive tapes could be used. The test has also been used with webs such as paper that are inherently
abrasive to many materials.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test is useful for screening materials for use in tools that are subjected to abrasion from the material that is being
machined, worked, or formed. It has been used to screen tool steels for punch press dies, hardfacings for earth-moving machinery,
and wear coatings. This test utilizes a test that is simpler to build and use than those used in the Test Method G 132 abrasion test
which, like this test, uses a fixed abrasive counterface to abrade a test material.
5.2 The one-hour test is intended for metals and materials that are softer than hardened steel (67 HRC), but may be applied to
harder materials (see 7.77.1.7).
6. Apparatus
6.1 The test apparatus used in inter-laboratory tests is illustrated in Fig. 1. A 132-cm long by 25.4-mm wide abrasive tape is
made into a continuous loop with a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) butt splice (Fig. 2). The web is tensioned to form a triangle
with the 16-mm diameter drive spindle at the apex. The idler rolls can be of any diameter, but a convenient size is about 50 mm
radius with flanges to prevent lateral movement of the tape. The test sample shall have the dimensions shown in Fig. 3. It is
clamped or attached to the counterbalanced loading arm with PSAfoam. The loading arm is pivoted on rolling element bearings.
A 200 g loading mass is attached to the pivot arm and centered directly over the line contact between the specimen and drive
spindle.
6.2 One idler roller must be adjustable to produce tape tension sufficient to drive the tape with spindle-to-tape slippage of less
than 20 m in a one-hour test time. The drive spindle shall be 16 mm in diameter and have a total indicated run-out of less than
20 µm at a rotational speed of 300 rpm.
7. Test Procedure
7.1 Standard Test for Metals Softer than 67 HRC:
7.1.1 Specimen Preparation—Thetestsurfaces(7.6by32 mm)shouldhaveagroundorlappedfinishwitharoughnesslessthan
0.2 µm Ra. The surface lay shall be aligned with the long axis of the test specimen. When testing molded surfaces or specific
finishes, the test samples should have the finish of interest on the test faces.
7.1.2 Cleaning—Cleaning is not needed if the test surfaces are untouched after the sample preparation and no lubricants, and
so forth, were used in fabrication. If the surfaces are contaminated, clean in a solvent that will not leave a surface film or degrade
the properties of the test surface (acetone is suitable for most metals).
FIG. 1 Schematic of Test Rig
´1
G174–04 (2009)
1—8 mil-thick microfinishing film was used in interlaboratory tests. It was purchased at:
3M Corporation
Imperial Lapping Film 262L
Grade 30 MIC, Mineral A/O
Backing 5 mil Size 1 by 150 by 3 in.
2—Scotch Magic Tape (3M Corp.) was used in interlaboratory tests
3—3M Corp.
3M Center, Building 251-2A-08
St. Paul, MN 55144–1000 USA
NOTE—Some tapes may have a release agent on the back that must be removed by abrasion followed by solvent wipe.
FIG. 2 Loop Splicing Detail
NOTE—0.1 to 0.2 µm Ra surface roughness on test surface.
FIG. 3 Loop Abrasion Test Sample
7.3
7.1.3 Weighing—Ifmasschangeisgoingtobeusedasthetestmetric,weighthetestspecimentothenearesttenthofamilligram
and record this as the initial weight.
´1
G174–04 (2009)
7.4
7.1.4 Sample Attachment—Affix the test sample to loading arm and the 200 g-loading mass over the line where the specimen
has tangential contact with the tape.
7.5
7.1.5 Belt Tensioning—Tension the abrasive belt over the drive spindle and idler rollers by moving idler rollers. Check the loop
for slip with a mark on the tape and spindle. Loops are used only once for one hour.
7.6
7.1.6 Check Systems Alignment—Tapered scars will result if the sample is not parallel to the drive spindle. Check alignment
by putting pressure sensing media on the spindle and bring the specimen in contact with the spindle.The pressure-sensing medium
must show line contact across the sample width. Thin foils (less than 25 µm) can also be used to make sure that both edges of the
test sample are contacting the spindles. Put the foil between the spindle and the edge of the sample and pull the foil out. Repeat
on the other side. Equal pull force on both sides shows good alignment, and can be measured with a force measuring device. Lock
the aligned sample arm in place. Put the loop on and tension it as in 7.1.5. Turn the tester on for 5 to 10 s and lift the sample arm
and check for a unifo
...
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