ASTM D25-99e1

Standard Specification for Round Timber Piles

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the physical characteristics of unused round timber piles to be used either treated or untreated.  
1.2 This specification is not intended for preused piles unless the piles have the quality specified by this specification and design stresses equal to or greater than those derived from Test Method D2899.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-1999
• ICS: 79.080 - Semi-manufactures of timber
• Technical Committee: D07 - Wood
• Drafting Committee: D07.04 - Pole and Pile Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D25-99 - Standard Specification for Round Timber Piles
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1999
• Replaced By: ASTM D25-99(2005) - Standard Specification for Round Timber Piles
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D3957-09(2020) - Standard Practices for Establishing Stress Grades for Structural Members Used in Log Buildings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D7381-07(2021)e1 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Stresses for Round Timbers for Piles from Tests of Full-Size Material
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D3200-74(2022) - Standard Specification and Test Method for Establishing Recommended Design Stresses for Round Timber Construction Poles
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1999
• Referred By: ASTM D2899-12(2017) - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Stresses for Round Timber Piles
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation: D 25 – 99
Standard Specification for
1
Round Timber Piles
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD 25;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
e NOTE—Non-mandatory language was changed in 7.5 in December 2001.
1. Scope 4.3 Under this specification, pile size requirements esti-
mated at a critical location are extrapolated to either the tip or
1.1 This specification covers the physical characteristics of
buttendassumingalineartaper.Forthisspecification,pilesare
unused round timber piles to be used either treated or un-
classified by nominal circumference and length.
treated.
1.2 This specification is not intended for preused piles
5. Quality Requirement (All Piles)
unless the piles have the quality specified by this specification
5.1 Piles shall be of sound wood, free of decay, insect
and design stresses equal to or greater than those derived from
attack, marine borer attack, and Limnoria damage, except as
Method D 2899.
herein allowed in 13.2 and 14.1.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
5.2 Piles shall be cut above the ground swell and have a
as the standard.
taper from butt to tip.
2. Referenced Documents 5.3 Piles shall have an average rate of growth measured in
the outer 50 % of the radius at the pile tip of not less than 6
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
rings per inch and shall have an average summerwood content
D 9 Terminology Relating to Wood
of not less than 33.3 % in the outer 50 % of the tip radius.
D 2555 Test Methods for Establishing Clear Wood Strength
2
Exception: Piles with less than 6 rings per inch are acceptable
Values
if the average is 50 % or more summerwood present in the
D 2899 Method for Establishing Design Stresses for Round
2
outer 50 % of the pile tip radius.
Timber Piles
5.4 Piles that cannot be adequately inspected for the physi-
3. Species of Wood cal requirements specified in this specification due to adhering
barnacles or other material shall not be permitted.
3.1 Piles shall be of any species of wood for which clear
wood strength values are given in Test Methods D 2555.
6. Lengths
4. Classification
6.1 All piles shall be furnished in lengths specified, except
that tolerances shall be allowed as follows:
4.1 Timber piles are commonly used to transfer structural
6.1.1 Piles 40 ft (12.2 m) and shorter—plus 1 ft (0.3 m),
loads to sub surface soil bearing strata by way of friction or tip
minus 6 in. (152 mm).
end bearing forces, or both.
6.1.2 Piles41ft(12.5m)orlonger—plus2ft(0.6m),minus
4.2 Method D 2899 provides a basis for specifying the pile
6 in. (152 mm).
size. This standard gives a procedure for estimating the design
stress at any location along the pile length. As design stress
7. Sizes
must always exceed that imposed under service conditions, the
7.1 Pile sizes are specified according to nominal circumfer-
quotient of the structural loads divided by the design stress
ence 3 ft from the butt or at the tip. Tables are provided in
gives an estimate of the minimum section property required at
Appendix X1.1 to facilitate the selection of pile dimensions.
any location.
7.2 The “out-of-round” ratio (maximum to minimum diam-
eter) at the butt or the tip shall not exceed 1.2.
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-7 on Wood
7.3 All circumference measurements shall be taken under
and is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D07.04 on Pole and Pile Products.
the bark.
Current edition approved April 10, 1999. Published August 1999. Originally
7.4 Circumference at the butt shall not exceed circumfer-
published as D 25 – 15. Last previous edition D 25 – 91.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.10. ence 3 ft (0.9 m) from the butt by more than 8 in. (203 mm).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D25
7.5 Circumferences given in Table X1.2 and Table X1.4 are 11.2 Piles shall be free from short crooks that deviate more
1
minimum values. No more than 10 % of piles in any shipment than 2 ⁄2 in. (64 mm) from straightness in any 5-ft (1.5-m)
shall have tip circumferences less than the tabulated values. Of length (see Fig. 1).
those that are below tabulated values, none shall vary from
tabulated values by more than 2 in. (51 mm).
12. Twist of Grain
12.1 Spiral grain shall not exceed 180 deg of twist when
8. Sapwood
measured over any 20-ft (6.1-m) section of the pile.
8.1 Wood piles for preservative treatment shall have
...