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ASTM E1188-11

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Collection and Preservation of Information and Physical Items by a Technical Investigator

Standard Practice for Collection and Preservation of Information and Physical Items by a Technical Investigator

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended for use by any technical investigator when investigating an incident that can be reasonably expected to be the subject of litigation. The intent is to obtain sufficient information and physical items to discover evidence associated with the incident and to preserve it for analysis.
The quality of evidence may change with time, therefore, special effort should be taken to capture and preserve evidence in an expeditious manner. This practice sets forth guidelines for the collection and preservation of evidence for further analysis.
Evidence that has been collected and preserved shall be identified with, and be traceable to, the incident. This practice sets forth guidelines for such procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers guidelines for the collection and preservation of information and physical items by any technical investigator pertaining to an incident that can be reasonably expected to be the subject of litigation.
1.2 This practice recommends generally accepted professional principles and operations, although the facts and issues of each situation require consideration, and frequently involve matters not expressly dealt with herein. Deviations from this practice should be based on specific articulable circumstances.
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This standard cannot replace knowledge, skill or ability acquired through appropriate education, training, and experience and should be used in conjunction with sound professional judgment.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Aug-2011
ICS
19.020 - Test conditions and procedures in general
Technical Committee
E30 - Forensic Sciences
Drafting Committee
E30.11 - Interdisciplinary Forensic Science Standards
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1188-05 - Standard Practice for Collection and Preservation of Information and Physical Items by a Technical Investigator
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM E3193-21 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lead (Pb) in Dust by Wipe, Paint, and Soil by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS)
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM E1492-11(2017) - Standard Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM E860-22 - Standard Practice for Examining and Preparing Items That Are or May Become Involved in Criminal or Civil Litigation
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM E1843-20 - Standard Guide for Sexual Violence Investigation, Examination, and Evidence Collection Protocol
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM F561-19 - Standard Practice for Retrieval and Analysis of Medical Devices, and Associated Tissues and Fluids
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM E3272-21 - Standard Guide for Collection of Soils and Other Geological Evidence for Criminal Forensic Applications
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM E1459-13(2018) - Standard Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related Documentation
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM E2128-20 - Standard Guide for Evaluating Water Leakage of Building Walls
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM E2733-10(2015) - Standard Guide for Investigation of Equipment Problems and Releases for Petroleum Underground Storage Tank Systems
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM G145-08(2023) - Standard Guide for Studying Fire Incidents in Oxygen Systems
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1188 − 11
Standard Practice for
Collection and Preservation of Information and Physical
1
Items by a Technical Investigator
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1188; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.3 Evidence that has been collected and preserved shall be
identified with, and be traceable to, the incident. This practice
1.1 This practice covers guidelines for the collection and
sets forth guidelines for such procedures.
preservation of information and physical items by any techni-
cal investigator pertaining to an incident that can be reasonably
3. Procedure
expected to be the subject of litigation.
3.1 Documentary Information—Collect information related
1.2 This practice recommends generally accepted profes-
to events and conditions occurring before, during, or after the
sional principles and operations, although the facts and issues
incident. Documentary information may be held by any entity
of each situation require consideration, and frequently involve
associated with the incident. Make a broad search to identify
matters not expressly dealt with herein. Deviations from this
documents and, where possible, collect them. Obtain state-
practice should be based on specific articulable circumstances.
ments as early as feasible from all individuals associated with
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
the incident and the recovery activity.
one or more specific operations. This standard cannot replace
3.2 Physical Evidence:
knowledge, skill or ability acquired through appropriate
3.2.1 Plan the investigation to protect physical evidence
education, training, and experience and should be used in
significant to the incident. The plan should consider the
conjunction with sound professional judgment.
possibility of identity loss, physical loss, or the deterioration or
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
destruction of information due to environmental effects or the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
recovery and collection activities. For each item considered to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
be significant to the incident, document, collect and preserve
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
physical items and their information content as soon as
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
possible.
3.2.2 Document conditions that prevent or interfere with the
2. Significance and Use
preservation of any potential evidence in the state in which it
2.1 This practice is intended for use by any technical was found. This might include hazardous or accessibility
investigator when investigating an incident that can be reason- conditions, weather conditions, or other existing complica-
ably expected to be the subject of litigation. The intent is to tions.
obtain sufficient information and physical items to discover
3.2.3 Assign a unique identifier to each item collected and
evidence associated with the incident and to preserve it for
include this information in a label securely attached to the item
analysis.
or as documentation on the item’s container and enter the
identifying information on a log sheet together with a brief
2.2 The quality of evidence may change with time,
description of the item. The evidence documentation should
therefore, special effort should be taken to capture and preserve
also clearly include any specific details necessary for preser-
evidence in an expeditious manner. This practice sets forth
vation of the item, such as temperature control or special
guidelines for the collection and preservation of evidence for
handling instructions.
further analysis.
3.3 Photographic Documentation:
3.3.1 Commence photographic documentation as soon as
1 possible after the incident. Document the scene of the incident
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.11 on Interdisciplin- and the condition of items involved.
ary Forensic Science Standards.
3.3.2 Potential evidence should be photographed in the
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2011. Published October 2011. Originally
position where it is first observed by the investigator. If items
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1188 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/E1188-11. involved in the incident are disassembled or subjected to
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1188–05 Designation: E1188 – 11
Standard Practice for
Collection and Preservation of Information and Physical
1
Items by a Technical Investigator
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1188; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers guidelines for the collection and preservation of information and physical items by any technical
investigator pertaining to an incident that can be reasonably expected to be the subject of litigation.
1.2For additional standards promulgated by ASTM Committee E-30, see Practices E620, E678, E860, and E1020.
1.3
1.2 This practice recommends generally accepted professional principles and operations, although the facts and issues of each
situation require consideration, and frequently involve matters not expressly dealt with herein. Deviations from this practice should
be based on specific articulable circumstances.
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This standard cannot replace
knowledge, skill or ability acquired through appropriate education, training, and experience and should be used in conjunction with
sound professional judgment.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Standards:
E620Practice for Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Technical Experts
E678Practice for Evaluation of Scientific or Technical Data
E860Practice for Examining And Preparing Items That Are Or May Become Involved In Criminal or Civil Litigation
E1020Practice for Reporting Incidents that May Involve Criminal or Civil Litigation
3.Significance and Use
3.1This2.1 This practice is intended for use by any technical investigator when investigating an incident that can be reasonably
expected to be the subject of litigation. The intent is to obtain sufficient information and physical items to discover evidence
associated with the incident and to preserve it for later analysis.
3.2The2.2 The quality of evidence may change with time, therefore, special effort should be taken to capture and preserve
evidence in an expeditious manner. This practice sets forth guidelines for the collection and preservation of evidence for further
analysis.
32.3 Evidence that has been collected and preserved shall be identified with, and be traceable to, the incident. This practice sets
forth guidelines for such procedures.
4.3. Procedure
4.1
3.1 Documentary Information—Collect information related to events and conditions occurring before, during, or after the
incident. Documentary information may be held by any entity associated with the incident. Make a broad search to identify
documents and, where possible, collect them. Obtain statements as early as feasible from all individuals associated with the
incident and recovery activity.
4.2Physical Evidence—Obtain and preserve physical items as early as possible. Plan the investigation to protect physical
evidence significant to the incident. The plan should consider the possibility of identity loss, physical loss, deterioration or
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.11 on Interdisciplinary
Forensic Science Standards.
Current edition approved AprilSept. 1, 2005.2011. Published May 2005.October 2011. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 19952005 as
E1188 – 905. DOI: 10.1520/E1188-05.10.1520/E1188-11.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1188 – 11
destruction of informaion due to environmental effect, or recovery and collection activities. When physical items cannot be
preserved in their found state, document it.
4.3Photographic Documentation—Commence photographic documentation as soon as possible after the incident. Document the
scene of the incident and the condition of items involved. If items involved in the incident are disassembled or subjected
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This practice is intended for use by any technical investigator when investigating an incident that can be reasonably expected to be the subject of litigation. The intent is to obtain sufficient information and physical items to identify evidence associated with the incident and to preserve it for analysis.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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FIG. 1 Sequence of Steps  
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ABSTRACT
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Standard Practice for Determination of a Pooled Limit of Quantitation for a Test Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Background—In a single laboratory, the limit of quantitation, LOQ, equal to ten times the standard deviation obtained under repeatability conditions extrapolated to zero concentration (s0) based on samples with close to zero concentrations has been recommended.3 A test result at this LOQ has an uncertainty of ±30 % at the 99 % confidence level.  
5.1.1 This practice uses a regression technique to determine a similar limit for a test method (PLOQ) using statistically pooled repeatability standard deviations over multiple operators/laboratories/samples from ILS data. This PLOQ can be used by industry to assess the reliability of a test method, or, compare reliability of different test methods, for quantitative measurement at concentrations near zero. Similarly, quantitative test results obtained using the test method for levels at or below the PLOQ can be expected by industry to have an uncertainty of ±30 % or greater at the 95 % confidence level.  
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Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method

ABSTRACT
This practice describes the techniques for planning, conducting, analyzing, and treating the results of an interlaboratory study (ILS) of a test method. The statistical techniques described in this practice provide adequate information for formulating the precision statement of a test method. This practice is also concerned exclusively with test methods which yield a single numerical figure as the test result, although the single figure may be the outcome of a calculation from a set of measurements. ASTM regulations require precision statements in all test methods in terms of repeatability and reproducibility and knowledge of the test method precision is useful in commerce and in technical work when comparing test results against standard values or between data sources.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 ASTM regulations require precision statements in all test methods in terms of repeatability and reproducibility. This practice may be used in obtaining the needed information as simply as possible. This information may then be used to prepare a precision statement in accordance with Practice E177. Knowledge of the test method precision is useful in commerce and in technical work when comparing test results against standard values (such as specification limits) or between data sources (different laboratories, instruments, etc.).  
4.1.1 When a test method is applied to a large number of portions of a material that are as nearly alike as possible, the test results obtained will not all have the same value. A measure of the degree of agreement among these test results describes the precision of the test method for that material. Numerical measures of the variability between such test results provide inverse measures of the precision of the test method. Greater variability implies smaller (that is, poorer) precision and larger imprecision.  
4.1.2 Precision is reported as a standard deviation, coefficient of variation (relative standard deviation), variance, or a precision limit (a data range indicating no statistically significant difference between test results).  
4.1.3 This practice is designed only to estimate the precision of a test method. However, when accepted reference values are available for the property levels, the test result data obtained according to this practice may be used in estimating the bias of the test method. For a discussion of bias estimation and the relationships between precision, bias, and accuracy, see Practice E177.  
4.2 The procedures presented in this practice consist of three basic steps: planning the interlaboratory study, guiding the testing phase of the study, and analyzing the test result data.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the techniques for planning, conducting, analyzing, and treating the results of an interlaboratory study (ILS) of a test method. The statistical techniques described in this practice provide adequate information for formulating the precision statement of a test method.  
1.2 This practice does not concern itself with the development of test methods but rather with gathering the information needed for a test method precision statement after the development stage has been successfully completed. The data obtained in the interlaboratory study may indicate, however, that further effort is needed to improve the test method.  
1.3 Since the primary purpose of this practice is the development of the information needed for a precision statement, the experimental design in this practice may not be optimum for evaluating materials, apparatus, or individual laboratories.  
1.4 Field of Application—This practice is concerned exclusively with test methods which yield a single numerical figure as the test result, although the single figure may be the outcome of a calculation from a set of measurements.  
1.4.1 This practice ...

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ASTM
ASTM D6646-03(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of the Accelerated Hydrogen Sulfide Breakthrough Capacity of Granular and Pelletized Activated Carbon

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method compares the performance of granular or pelletized activated carbons used in odor control applications, such as sewage treatment plants, pump stations, etc. The method determines the relative breakthrough performance of activated carbon for removing hydrogen sulfide from a humidified gas stream. Other organic contaminants present in field operations may affect the H2S breakthrough capacity of the carbon; these are not addressed by this test. This test does not simulate actual conditions encountered in an odor control application, and is therefore meant only to compare the hydrogen sulfide breakthrough capacities of different carbons under the conditions of the laboratory test.  
5.2 This test does not duplicate conditions that an adsorber would encounter in practical service. The mass transfer zone in the 23 cm column used in this test is proportionally much larger than that in the typical bed used in industrial applications. This difference favors a carbon that functions more rapidly for removal of H2S over a carbon with slower kinetics. Also, the 1 % H2S challenge gas concentration used here engenders a significant temperature rise in the carbon bed. This effect may also differentiate between carbons in a way that is not reflected in the conditions of practical service.  
5.3 This standard as written is applicable only to granular and pelletized activated carbons with mean particle diameters less than 2.5 mm. Application of this standard to activated carbons with mean particle diameters (MPD) greater than 2.5 mm will require a larger diameter adsorption column. The ratio of column inside diameter to MPD should be greater than 10 in order to avoid wall effects. In these cases it is suggested that bed superficial velocity and contact time be held invariant at the conditions specified in this standard (4.77 cm/s and 4.8 s). Although not covered by this standard, data obtained from these tests may be reported as in paragraph 12 along with additional ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to evaluate the performance of virgin, newly impregnated or in-service, granular or pelletized activated carbon for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from an air stream, under the laboratory test conditions described herein. A humidified air stream containing 1 % (by volume) hydrogen sulfide is passed through a carbon bed until 50 ppm breakthrough of H2S is observed. The H2S adsorption capacity of the carbon per unit volume at 99.5 % removal efficiency (g H2S/cm3 carbon) is then calculated. This test is not necessarily applicable to non-carbon adsorptive materials.  
1.2 This standard as written is applicable only to granular and pelletized activated carbons with mean particle diameters (MPD) less than 2.5 mm. See paragraph 5.3 if activated carbons with larger MPDs are to be tested.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7252-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Monomer and Isomers in Isocyanates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used for research or for quality control to characterize isocyanates used in polyurethane products.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the percent by weight of monomeric isomers and total monomer in crude or modified isocyanates. The test method is applicable to methylene di(phenylisocyanate) (MDI) and polymeric (methylene phenylisocyanate) (PMDI). (See Note 1.)  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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