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ASTM D1092-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Apparent Viscosity of Lubricating Greases

Standard Test Method for Measuring Apparent Viscosity of Lubricating Greases

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Apparent viscosity versus shear rate information can be useful in predicting pressure drops in grease distribution systems under steady-state flow conditions at constant temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement, in poises, of the apparent viscosity of lubricating greases in the temperature range from 54 to 38C (65 to 100F). Measurements are limited to the range from 25 to 100 000 P at 0.1 s1 and 1 to 100 P at 15 000 s1.Note 1
At very low temperatures the shear rate range may be reduced because of the great force required to force grease through the smaller capillaries. Precision has not been established below 10 s1.
1.2 This standard uses inch-pound units as well as SI (acceptable metric) units. The values stated first are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. The capillary dimensions in SI units in and are standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2005
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.G0.02 - Consistency and Related Rheological Tests
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1092-99 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Apparent Viscosity of Lubricating Greases
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D1092-11 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Apparent Viscosity of Lubricating Greases
Effective Date
01-Sep-2011
Referred By
ASTM D6185-11(2017) - Standard Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Binary Mixtures of Lubricating Greases
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005

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ASTM D1092-05 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Apparent Viscosity of Lubricating GreasesASTM D1092-05 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Apparent Viscosity of Lubricating Greases
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ASTM D1092-05 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Apparent Viscosity of Lubricating Greases
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1092–05
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring Apparent Viscosity of Lubricating Greases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1092; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.1.1 apparent viscosity, n—of a lubricating grease is the
ratio of shear stress to shear rate calculated from Poiseuille’s
1.1 This test method covers measurement, in poises, of the
equation, and is measured in poises (see 10.1).
apparent viscosity of lubricating greases in the temperature
3.1.2 capillary, n—For the purpose of this method, a capil-
range from −54 to 38°C (−65 to 100°F). Measurements are
−1
lary is any right cylindrical tube having a length to diameter
limited to the range from 25 to 100000 P at 0.1 s and1to
−1
ratio of 40 to 1.
100 P at 15000 s .
3.1.3 shear rate, n—the rate at which a series of adjacent
NOTE 1—Atverylowtemperaturestheshearraterangemaybereduced
layers of grease move with respect to each other; proportional
because of the great force required to force grease through the smaller
to the linear velocity of flow divided by the capillary radius,
−1
capillaries. Precision has not been established below 10 s .
and is thus expressed as reciprocal seconds.
1.2 This standard uses inch-pound units as well as SI
(acceptable metric) units. The values stated first are to be 4. Summary of Test Method
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for
4.1 The sample is forced through a capillary by means of a
information only. The capillary dimensions in SI units in Fig.
floating piston actuated by the hydraulic system. From the
A1.1 and Fig. A1.2 are standard.
predeterminedflowrateandtheforcedevelopedinthesystem,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the apparent viscosity is calculated by means of Poiseuille’s
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
equation.Aseriesofeightcapillariesandtwopumpspeedsare
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
used to determine the apparent viscosity at sixteen shear rates.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Theresultsareexpressedasalog-logplotofapparentviscosity
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
versus shear rate.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Apparent viscosity versus shear rate information can be
D88 Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity
useful in predicting pressure drops in grease distribution
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
systems under steady-state flow conditions at constant tem-
Grease
perature.
D3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine
6. Apparatus
Conformance with Specifications
6.1 The assembled pressure viscometer consists of four
3. Terminology
major divisions, the power system, the hydraulic system, the
3.1 Definitions:
grease system (described in the annex and shown in Fig. 1),
andabathofoptionaldesign.Fig.2isaphotographofthefirst
1
three divisions as commonly used at room temperature. This
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
form of the apparatus can be used with a cylindrical insulated
D02.G0 on Lubricating Grease.
tank178mm(7in.)indiameterand508mm(20in.)deep.The
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally
bathmediummaybekeroseneoralcoholcooledmanuallywith
approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D1092–99. DOI:
10.1520/D1092-05. dry ice. Alternatively the grease system, the grease and
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
hydraulic system, or all three major divisions can be built into
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
any liquid or air bath that will cover the temperature range and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
maintain the grease at test temperature 60.25° C (60.5°F).
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1092–05
FIG. 1 Schematic Drawing of Apparatus
the equilibrium pressure slowly, making it advisable to have a sample of
several pounds available.
7.2 Generally no special preparation of the sample is nec-
essary.
NOTE 3—The apparatus works the samples to some extent as they pass
through the capillary. Somewhat better p
...

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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    8 pages
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ASTM
ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off