ASTM A230/A230M-05(2011)e1

Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered Carbon Valve Spring Quality

ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the highest quality of round carbon steel spring wire, uniform in quality and temper, intended especially for the manufacture of valve springs and other springs requiring high-fatigue properties. The steel wire shall be subjected to continuous casting, hardening, and tempering to produce the desired mechanical properties. The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon. Mechanical properties shall be determined by the tension test, wrap test, twist test, and special surface inspection. The material as represented by tension test specimens shall conform to the tensile requirements for tensile strength and reduction of area. Metallurgical characterization of steel shall include decarburization, surface condition, and microstructure.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the highest quality of round carbon steel spring wire, uniform in quality and temper, intended especially for the manufacture of valve springs and other springs requiring high-fatigue properties.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2011
• ICS: 77.140.25 - Spring steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.03 - Steel Rod and Wire

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A230/A230M-05 - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered Carbon Valve Spring Quality
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2011
• Referred By: ASTM A1000/A1000M-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Carbon and Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2011
• Referred By: ASTM A229/A229M-18 - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Quenched and Tempered for Mechanical Springs
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:A230/A230M −05 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Specification for
Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered Carbon Valve Spring Quality
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA230/A230M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
´ NOTE—Changes were made editorially throughout in July 2011.
1. Scope* 2.3 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-163Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-
1.1 This specification covers the highest quality of round
ment and Storage
carbon steel spring wire, uniform in quality and temper,
2.4 Federal Standard:
intended especially for the manufacture of valve springs and
Fed. Std. No. 123Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
other springs requiring high-fatigue properties.
2.5 AIAG Standard:
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
AIAG B-502.00 Primary Metals IdentificationTagApplica-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
tion Standard
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining 3. Ordering Information
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
with the standard.
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
either Specification A510 or Specification A510M.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 Orders for material under this specification should
2.1 ASTM Standards:
include the following information for each ordered item:
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
3.2.1 Quantity (mass or weight),
of Steel Products
3.2.2 Name of material (oil-tempered carbon steel valve
A510SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforWireRods
spring quality wire),
and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
3.2.3 Dimensions (Section 8),
A510MSpecification for General Requirements for Wire
3.2.4 Chemical composition (Table 1), if required,
Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric)
3.2.5 Packaging (Section 14),
A700Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-
3.2.6 Cast or heat analysis report, if desired (see 5.2),
ods for Steel Products for Shipment
3.2.7 Certification or test report, or both, if specified (Sec-
A751Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
tion 13), and
cal Analysis of Steel Products
3.2.8 ASTM designation and date of issue.
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications NOTE 1—A typical metric ordering description is as follows: For
inch-poundunits,40000lboil-temperedcarbonsteelvalvespringquality
2.2 ANSI Standard:
wire,0.250in.diameterin350-lbcoilstoASTMA230dated_____,orfor
B 32.4M Preferred Metric Sizes for Round, Square,
SI units 20000 kg oil-tempered carbon steel valve spring quality wire,
Rectangle, and Hexagon Metal Products
6.00 mm diameter in 125-kg coils to ASTM A230M dated _____.
4. Materials and Manufacture
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.1 The steel may be made by any commercially accepted
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
steel-making process. The steel shall be continuously cast.
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2011.PublishedJuly2011.Originallyapproved
4.2 The finished wire shall be free of detrimental pipe and
in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A230/A230M–05. DOI:
undue segregation.
10.1520/A0230_A0230M-05R11E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
the ASTM website. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
3 5
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., Available fromAutomotive IndustryAction Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48034.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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A230/A230M−05 (2011)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements, Inch-Pound Units
Element Composition, % Tensile Strength, ksi
Reduction of
Diameter, in.
A
Area, min, %
min max
A
Carbon 0.60–0.75
Less than 0.062 245 265 . . .
A
Manganese 0.60–0.90
0.062 to 0.092, incl 240 260 . . .
Phosphorus, max 0.025
Over 0.092 to 0.128, incl 235 255 40
Sulfur, max 0.030
Over 0.128 to 0.162, incl 230 250 40
Silicon 0.15–0.35
Over 0.162 to 0.192, incl 225 245 40
A
Over 0.192 to 0.225, incl 220 240 40
Carbon and manganese may be varied by the manufacturer at his discretion,
Over 0.225 to 0.250, incl 215 235 40
provided the mechanical properties specified are maintained and provided the
Over 0.250 210 230 40
purchaser does not specifically stipulate otherwise.
A
The reduction of area test is not applicable to wire diameters under 0.092 in.
4.3 Thewireshallbehardenedandtemperedtoproducethe
desired mechanical properties.
6.1.2 NumberofTests—Onetestspecimenshallbetakenfor
eachfivecoils,orfractionthereof,inalot.Eachcastorheatin
5. Chemical Composition
a given lot shall be tested.
5.1 Thesteelshallconformtotherequirementsforchemical
6.1.3 LocationofTests—Testspecimensshallbetakenfrom
composition prescribed in Table 1.
either end of the coil.
5.2 Cast or Heat Analysis—Each cast or heat of steel shall
6.1.4 Test Method—The tension test shall be made in
beanalyzedbythemanufacturertodeterminethepercentageof
accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370.
elements prescribed in Table 1. This analysis shall be made
6.2 Wrap Test:
fromatestspecimenpreferablytakenduringthepouringofthe
6.2.1 Requirements—Wire 0.162 in. [4.00 mm] and smaller
cast or heat. When requested, this shall be reported to the
in diameter shall wind on itself as an arbor without breakage.
purchaser and shall conform to the requirements of Table 1.
Largerdiameterwire,uptoandincluding0.250in.[6.50mm],
5.3 Product Analysis—An analysis may be made by the
shall wind, without breakage, on a mandrel twice the diameter
purchaser from finished wire representing each cast or heat of
of the wire.
steel. The chemical composition thus determined, as to ele-
6.2.2 NumberofTests—Onetestspecimenshallbetakenfor
ments required or restricted, shall conform to the product
eachfivecoils,orfractionthereof,inalot.Eachcastorheatin
analysis requirements specified in Table 10 of Specification
a given lot shall be tested.
A510 or Specification A510M. 6.2.3 Location of Test—Test specimens shall be taken from
either end of the coil.
5.4 For referee purposes, Test Methods, Practices, and
6.2.4 Test Method—The wrap test shall be made in accor-
Terminology A751 shall be used.
dance with Test Methods and Definitions A370, Supplement
6. Mechanical Properties IV.
6.1 Tension Test:
6.3 Twist Test—A10 in. [250 mm] specimen of wire slowly
6.1.1 Requirements—Thematerialasrepresentedbytension twistedfourrevolutionsinonedirectionandthentwistedinthe
test specimens shall conform to the requirements prescribed in
otherdirectionuntilfailureshallshowasquarebreaknormalto
Table 2 or Table 3. the axis of the wire without splits or cracks.
6.4 Special Surface Inspection—When specified, the entire
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements, SI Units
lengthofeverycoilshallbeinspectedforsurfaceimperfections
Diameter, mm Tensile Strength, MPa Reduction of
with a magnetic or eddy current defect analyzer, or both, or
A
Areas, min, %
min max
equivalent.The defect depth of this surface inspection shall be
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. All
Less than 1.50 1700 1850 . . .
detected defects shall be properly marked so the purc
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