ASTM D4806-15
(Specification)Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ABSTRACT
This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended for blending with unleaded or leaded gasolines for use as a spark-ignition automotive engine fuel. Denatured fuel ethanol shall conform to the specified performance requirements for the following: ethanol content, methanol, solvent-washed gum, water content, denaturant content, inorganic chloride content, copper content, acidity, pHe, sulfur content, sulfate content, appearance, and specific gravity. The only denaturants used for fuel ethanol shall be natural gasoline, gasoline components, or unleaded gasoline at the minimum concentration prescribed. Prohibited denaturants include methanol which does not meet the specified requirement, pyrroles, turpentine, ketones, and tars (high-molecular weight pyrolysis products of fossil or nonfossil vegetable matter). Sampling, containers, and sample handling techniques, and the test methods for determining conformance to the specified requirements are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended to be blended with unleaded or leaded gasolines at 1 to 10 volume % for use as automotive spark-ignition engine fuel covered by Specification D4814. The significance of this specification is shown in Appendix X1.
1.2 The user is advised to check with the national regulatory agencies where the ethanol is denatured and used. The sulfur limit and denaturing formulas in this specification are acceptable for the U.S. market. Other countries or jurisdictions may allow or require other denaturing formulas and sulfur limits.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the method modification in 8.7 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D4806 −15
StandardSpecification for
Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use
1
as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D1613 Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and
Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer,
1.1 This specification covers nominally anhydrous dena-
and Related Products
tured fuel ethanol intended to be blended with unleaded or
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
leaded gasolines at 1 to 10 volume % for use as automotive
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
spark-ignition engine fuel covered by Specification D4814.
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
ThesignificanceofthisspecificationisshowninAppendixX1.
D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light
1.2 Theuserisadvisedtocheckwiththenationalregulatory
Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcou-
agencies where the ethanol is denatured and used. The sulfur
lometry
limit and denaturing formulas in this specification are accept-
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
able for the U.S. market. Other countries or jurisdictions may
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
allow or require other denaturing formulas and sulfur limits.
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Petroleum Products
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
standard.
Products, and Lubricants
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
method modification in 8.7 of this specification: This standard
Petroleum Products
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
Fuel
to use.
D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in
Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel
2. Referenced Documents
Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5501 Test Method for Determination of Ethanol and
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
Methanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20%
Atmospheric Pressure
Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
D5580 Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene,
ration
Ethylbenzene, p/m-Xylene, o-Xylene, C and Heavier
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API 9
Aromatics, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
Gas Chromatography
ucts by Hydrometer Method
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6423 Test Method for Determination of pHe of Denatured
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Fuel Ethanol and Ethanol Fuel Blends
Subcommittee D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.
D6550 Test Method for Determination of Olefin Content of
Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published April 2015. Originally
Gasolines by Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D4806 – 14. DOI:
10.1520/D4806-15. D7039 Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline, Diesel Fuel, Jet
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Fuel, Kerosine, Biodiesel, Biodiesel Blends, and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Gasoline-Ethanol Blends by Monochromatic Wavelength
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4806−15
TABLE 1 Performance Requirements
Property Limit Method
Ethanol, volume %, min 92.1 D5501
Methanol, volume %, max 0.5 D5501
Solvent-washed gum content, mg/100
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4806 − 14 D4806 − 15
Standard Specification for
Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use
1
as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended to be blended with unleaded or leaded
gasolines at 1 to 10 volume % for use as automotive spark-ignition engine fuel covered by Specification D4814. The significance
of this specification is shown in Appendix X1.
1.2 The user is advised to check with the national regulatory agencies where the ethanol is denatured and used. The sulfur limit
and denaturing formulas in this specification are acceptable for the U.S. market. Other countries or jurisdictions may allow or
require other denaturing formulas and sulfur limits.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the method modification in 8.7 of this specification: This standard does
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1613 Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
Products
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcoulometry
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel,
and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
D5501 Test Method for Determination of Ethanol and Methanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20% Ethanol by Gas
Chromatography
D5580 Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, p/m-Xylene, o-Xylene, C and Heavier Aromatics,
9
and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.
Current edition approved June 1, 2014April 1, 2015. Published July 2014April 2015. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 as
D4806 – 13a.D4806 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D4806-14.10.1520/D4806-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4806 − 15
D6423 Test Method for Determination of pHe of Denatured Fuel Ethanol and Ethanol Fuel Blends
D6550 Test Method for Determination of Olefin Content of Gasolines by Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography
D703
...
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