ASTM D3376-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Pulps to be Used in the Manufacture of Electrical Insulation
Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Pulps to be Used in the Manufacture of Electrical Insulation
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
8.1 The conductivity of the water extract of electrical grade pulp results from electrolytic impurities in the pulp potentially present as ionizable acids, bases, salts, or a combination of these. The presence of electrolytic impurities in electrical insulation is undesirable as they tend to lower insulation resistance and have corrosion-producing tendencies under conditions of applied potential. When comparing test data, note that the extract conductivity of pulps, especially those of high purity, changes with time after manufacturing in some instances. This test is useful for routine acceptance testing, the comparison of different pulps, and research work.6
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the sampling and testing of cellulosic pulps for use in the manufacture of electrical insulating papers and boards or in the direct application of pulp fibers as insulation to electrical conductors.
Note 1: Consider the significance of any one pulp property test method, as set forth herein, with discretion depending on the product made from the pulp.
1.2 Sections on Reagents, Sampling, and Report are integral parts of each of the individual test methods that follow.
1.3 Each test method is described as being a measure of either a bulk property of the pulp or a property of a handsheet formed from the pulp.
1.3.1 Bulk characteristics determinable by these procedures appear in the following sections:
Procedure
Sections
ASTM
Method
Reference
TAPPI
Method
Reference
Aqueous Extract Conductivity
8 & 9
D202
. . .
Aqueous Extract pH
10 & 11
D202
. . .
Aqueous Extractable Acidity-
Alkalinity
12 & 13
D202
. . .
Analysis of Ash for Cations by
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
70 – 78
D1193 & D2576
. . .
Ash Content
79 – 82
D202
T 413
Dirt in Pulp
40 & 41
. . .
T 213
Fiber Analysis
23 & 24
D202 & D1030
. . .
Fiber Length of Pulp
42 & 43
. . .
T 232, T 233
Freeness (Canadian Standard
Freeness)
53 & 54
. . .
T 227
Kappa Number/Permanganate
Number (Substances Oxidizable
by Permanganate)
27 & 28
. . .
T 236, UM 251
Laboratory Processing of Pulp
(Beater Method)
51 & 52
. . .
T 200
Moisture in Pulp
31 – 33
. . .
T 210
Neutral Aqueous Extractable Hard-
ness in Pulp
16 – 22
D202, D1126, & D2576
. . .
Pentosan Content of Pulp
29 & 30
. . .
T 223
Resistance of Pulp to Disintegration
(Standard RPG)
44 – 50
. . .
T 239, UM 252
Shive Count
34 – 39
. . .
. . .
Solvent-Soluble Matter in Pulp
25 & 26
D202
. . .
Tensile Properties
65 – 69
D202
. . .
Water-Extractable Chlorides
14 & 15
D202
. . .
1.3.2 Handsheet characteristics determinable by these procedures appear in the following sections:
Procedure
Sections
ASTM
Method
Reference
TAPPI
Method
Reference
Air Resistance (Porosity)
57 & 58
D202
T 205
Apparent Density
63 & 64
D202
T 205
Bursting Strength
59 & 60
D202 & D774/D774M
T 205
Folding Endurance (M.I.T.)
51 & 52
D202 & D2176
T 205
Forming Handsheets for Physical
Tests of Pulp
55 & 56
. . .
T 205
Tensile Strength
65 & 66
D202 & D828
T 205
Note 2: Methods for Ash, Silica, selected cations from Ash, Heat Stability, α, β, and γ Cellulose, Viscosity, Total Chlorine, Tear, and Dissipation Factor and Relative Permittivity, will be considered for addition as methods are developed.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environm...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3376 − 18
Standard Test Methods of
Sampling and Testing Pulps to be Used in the Manufacture
1
of Electrical Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3376; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
ASTM TAPPI
Method Method
1.1 These test methods cover the sampling and testing of
Procedure Sections Reference Reference
Pentosan Content of Pulp 29 & 30 . T223
cellulosic pulps for use in the manufacture of electrical
Resistance of Pulp to Disintegration 44 – 50 . . . T 239, UM 252
insulatingpapersandboardsorinthedirectapplicationofpulp
(Standard RPG)
fibers as insulation to electrical conductors.
Shive Count 34 – 39 . .
Solvent-Soluble Matter in Pulp 25 & 26 D202 .
NOTE 1—Consider the significance of any one pulp property test
Tensile Properties 65 – 69 D202 .
method,assetforthherein,withdiscretiondependingontheproductmade
Water-Extractable Chlorides 14 & 15 D202 .
from the pulp.
1.2 SectionsonReagents,Sampling,andReportareintegral
1.3.2 Handsheet characteristics determinable by these pro-
parts of each of the individual test methods that follow.
cedures appear in the following sections:
1.3 Each test method is described as being a measure of
either a bulk property of the pulp or a property of a handsheet
ASTM TAPPI
formed from the pulp.
Method Method
1.3.1 Bulk characteristics determinable by these procedures Procedure Sections Reference Reference
Air Resistance (Porosity) 57 & 58 D202 T 205
appear in the following sections:
Apparent Density 63 & 64 D202 T 205
ASTM TAPPI
Bursting Strength 59 & 60 D202 & D774/ T 205
Method Method
D774M
Procedure Sections Reference Reference
Folding Endurance (M.I.T.) 51 & 52 D202 & D2176 T 205
Aqueous Extract Conductivity 8 & 9 D202 .
Forming Handsheets for Physical 55 & 56 . T205
Aqueous Extract pH 10 & 11 D202 .
Tests of Pulp
Aqueous Extractable Acidity- 12 & 13 D202 .
Tensile Strength 65 & 66 D202 & D828 T 205
Alkalinity
Analysis of Ash for Cations by 70 – 78 D1193 & .
Atomic Absorption Spectropho- D2576
NOTE 2—Methods for Ash, Silica, selected cations from Ash, Heat
tometry
Stability, α, β, and γ Cellulose, Viscosity, Total Chlorine, Tear, and
Ash Content 79 – 82 D202 T 413
Dissipation Factor and Relative Permittivity, will be considered for
Dirt in Pulp 40 & 41 . T213
addition as methods are developed.
Fiber Analysis 23 & 24 D202 & D1030 .
Fiber Length of Pulp 42 & 43 . . . T 232, T 233
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Freeness (Canadian Standard 53 & 54 . T227
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Freeness)
Kappa Number/Permanganate 27 & 28 . . . T 236, UM 251 only.
Number (Substances Oxidizable
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
by Permanganate)
Laboratory Processing of Pulp 51 & 52 . T200
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
(Beater Method)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Moisture in Pulp 31 – 33 . T210
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Neutral Aqueous Extractable Hard- 16 – 22 D202, D1126, .
ness in Pulp & D2576
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
1
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Subcommittee D09.01 on Electrical Insulating Products.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originally
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D3376–14. DOI:
10.1520/D3376-18. Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3376 − 18
2. Referenced Documents 3.2.2 hardness, n—a characteristic of water that represents
2 thetotalconcentrationofcalciumandmagnesiuminthewater,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
expressed as parts per million (ppm) CaCO .
3
D202Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated
3.2
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3376 − 14 D3376 − 18
Standard Test Methods of
Sampling and Testing Pulps to be Used in the Manufacture
1
of Electrical Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3376; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the sampling and testing of cellulosic pulps for use in the manufacture of electrical insulating
papers and boards or in the direct application of pulp fibers as insulation to electrical conductors.
NOTE 1—The Consider the significance of any one pulp property test method, as set forth herein, should be considered with discretion depending on
the product made from the pulp.
1.2 Sections on Reagents, Sampling, and Report are integral parts of each of the individual test methods that follow.
1.3 Each test method is described as being a measure of either a bulk property of the pulp or a property of a handsheet formed
from the pulp.
1.3.1 Bulk characteristics determinable by these procedures appear in the following sections:
ASTM TAPPI
Method Method
Procedure Sections Reference Reference
Aqueous Extract Conductivity 8 and 9 D202 .
Aqueous Extract pH 10 and 11 D202 .
Aqueous Extractable 12 and 13 D202 .
Acidity-Alkalinity
Analysis of Ash for Cations by 70 – 78 D1193 and D2576 .
Atomic Absorption Spectro-
photometry
Ash Content 79 – 82 D202 T 413
Dirt in Pulp 40 and 41 . T 213
Fiber Analysis 23 and 24 D202 and D1030 .
Fiber Length of Pulp 42 and 43 . T 232, T 233
Freeness (Canadian Standard 53 and 54 . T 227
Freeness)
Kappa Number/Permanganate 27 and 28 . T 236, UM 251
Number (Substances
Oxidizable by Permanga-
nate)
Laboratory Processing of Pulp 51 and 52 . T 200
(Beater Method)
Moisture in Pulp 31 – 33 . T 210
Neutral Aqueous Extractable 16 – 22 D202, D1126, and .
Hardness in Pulp D2576
Pentosan Content of Pulp 29 and 30 . T 223
Resistance of Pulp to 44 – 50 . T 239, UM 252
Disintegration (Standard
RPG)
Shive Count 34 – 39 . .
Solvent-Soluble Matter in Pulp 25 and 26 D202 .
Tensile Properties 65 – 69 D202 .
Water-Extractable Chlorides 14 and 15 D202 .
ASTM TAPPI
Method Method
Procedure Sections Reference Reference
Aqueous Extract Conductivity 8 & 9 D202 . . .
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D09.01 on Electrical Insulating Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2014November 2018. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 20092014
as D3376 – 88 (2009).D3376 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D3376–14.10.1520/D3376-18.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3376 − 18
ASTM TAPPI
Method Method
Procedure Sections Reference Reference
Aqueous Extract pH 10 & 11 D202 . . .
Aqueous Extractable Acidity- 12 & 13 D202 . . .
Alkalinity
Analysis of Ash for Cations by 70 – 78 D1193 & . . .
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry D2576
Ash Content 79 – 82 D202 T 413
Dirt in Pulp 40 & 41 . . . T 213
Fiber Analysis 23 & 24 D202 & D1030 . . .
Fiber Length of Pulp 42 & 43 . . . T 232, T 233
Freeness (Canadian Standard 53 & 54 . . . T 227
Freeness)
Kappa Number/Permanganate 27 & 28 . . . T 236, UM 251
Number (Substances Oxidizable
by Permanganate)
Laboratory Processing of Pulp 51 & 52 . . . T 200
(Beater Method)
Moisture in Pulp 31 – 33 . . . T 210
Neutral Aqueous Extractable Hard- 16 – 22 D202, D1126, . . .
ness in Pulp & D2576
Pentosan Content of Pulp 29 & 30 . . . T 223
Resistance of Pulp to Disintegration 44 – 50 . . . T 239, UM 252
(Standard RPG)
Shive Count 34 – 39 . . . . . .
Solvent-Soluble Matter in Pulp 25 & 26 D202 . . .
Tensile Properties 65 – 69 D202 . . .
Water-Extractable Chlorides 14 & 15 D202 . . .
1.3.2 Handsheet characteristics determinable by these procedures appear in the following sections:
ASTM TAPPI
Method Method
Procedure Section Reference Reference
Air Resistance (Porosity) 57 and 58 D202 T 205
Apparent Density 63 and 64 D202 T 205
Bursting Strength 59 and 60 D202 and D774/ T 205
D774M
Folding Endurance (M.I.T.) 51 and 52 D202 a
...
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