ASTM E1877-15

Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Thermogravimetry provides a rapid method for the determination of the temperature-decomposition profile of a material.  
5.2 This practice is useful for quality control, specification acceptance, and research.  
5.3 This test method is intended to provide an accelerated thermal endurance estimation in a fraction of the time require for oven-aging tests. The primary product of this test method is the thermal index (temperature) for a selected estimated thermal endurance (time) as derived from material decomposition.  
5.4 Alternatively, the estimated thermal endurance (time) of a material may be estimated from a selected thermal index (temperature).  
5.5 Additionally, the estimated thermal endurance of a material at selected failure time and temperature may be estimated when compared to a reference value for thermal endurance and thermal index obtained from electrical or mechanical oven aging tests.  
5.6 This practice shall not be used for product lifetime predications unless a correlation between test results and actual lifetime has been demonstrated. In many cases, multiple mechanisms occur during the decomposition of a material, with one mechanism dominating over one temperature range, and a different mechanism dominating in a different temperature range. Users of this practice are cautioned to demonstrate for their system that any temperature extrapolations are technically sound.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the determination of thermal endurance, thermal index, and relative thermal index for organic materials using the Arrhenius activation energy generated by thermogravimetry.  
1.2 This practice is generally applicable to materials with a well-defined thermal decomposition profile, namely a smooth, continuous mass change.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this practice.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2015
• ICS: 71.040.40 - Chemical analysis
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.10 - Fundamental, Statistical and Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1877-13 - Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2015
• Referred By: ASTM E2958-21 - Standard Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Factor Jump/Modulated Thermogravimetry
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2015
• Referred By: ASTM E1641-23 - Standard Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Thermogravimetry Using the Ozawa/Flynn/Wall Method
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1877 − 15
Standard Practice for
Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from
1
Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1877; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 failure temperature (T), n—thetemperatureatwhicha
f
material fails after a selected time.
1.1 This practice describes the determination of thermal
3.1.3 thermal index (TI), n—the temperature corresponding
endurance, thermal index, and relative thermal index for
to a selected time-to-failure.
organic materials using the Arrhenius activation energy gener-
ated by thermogravimetry.
3.1.4 relative thermal index (RTI), n—the temperature cor-
responding to a selected time-to-failure when compared with
1.2 This practice is generally applicable to materials with a
that of a control with proven thermal endurance characteristics.
well-defined thermal decomposition profile, namely a smooth,
3.1.4.1 Discussion—The TIand RTIareconsideredtobethe
continuous mass change.
maximum temperature below which the material resists
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
changes in its properties over a selected period of time. In the
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
absence of comparison data for a control material, a thermal
standard.
endurance (time-to-failure) of 60 000 h has been arbitrarily
1.4 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this practice.
selected for measuring TI and RTI.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.5 thermal endurance, n—the time-to-failure correspond-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing to a selected temperature. Also known as thermal lifetime
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
or time-to-failure.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Summary of Practice
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 The Arrhenius activation energy obtained from other
2. Referenced Documents
Test Methods (such as Test Methods E1641 and E2958, etc.) is
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: used to construct the thermal endurance curve of an organic
E1641 Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Thermo-
material from which an estimate of lifetime at selected tem-
gravimetry Using the Ozawa/Flynn/Wall Method peratures may be obtained.
E2550 Test Method for Thermal Stability by Thermogravi-
5. Significance and Use
metry
5.1 Thermogravimetry provides a rapid method for the
E2958 Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Factor Jump/
determination of the temperature-decomposition profile of a
Modulated Thermogravimetry
material.
3. Terminology
5.2 This practice is useful for quality control, specification
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
acceptance, and research.
3.1.1 failure, n—change in some chemical, physical,
5.3 This test method is intended to provide an accelerated
mechanical, electrical or other property of sufficient magnitude
thermal endurance estimation in a fraction of the time require
to make it unsuitable for a particular use.
for oven-aging tests.The primary product of this test method is
the thermal index (temperature) for a selected estimated
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of Committee E37 on Thermal Measure-
thermal endurance (time) as derived from material decompo-
ments and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on Fundamental,
sition.
Statistical and Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved March 1, 2015. Published March 2015. Originally
5.4 Alternatively, the estimated thermal endurance (time) of
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E1877 – 13. DOI:
a material may be estimated from a selected thermal index
10.1520/E1877-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or (temperature).
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.5 Additionally, the estimated thermal endurance of a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. material at selected failure time and temperature may be
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1877 − 15
3
TABLE 1 Numerical Integration Constants (1, 2)
estimated when compared to a reference value for thermal
endurance and thermal index obtained from electrical or E/RT a
8 5.3699
mechanical oven aging tests.
9 5.8980
10 6.4157
5.6 This practice shall not be used for product lifet
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1877 − 13 E1877 − 15
Standard Practice for
Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from
1
Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1877; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes the determination of thermal endurance, thermal index, and relative thermal index for organic
materials using the Arrhenius activation energy generated by thermogravimetry.
1.2 This practice is generally applicable to materials with a well-defined thermal decomposition profile, namely a smooth,
continuous mass change.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this practice.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1641 Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Thermogravimetry Using the Ozawa/Flynn/Wall Method
E2550 Test Method for Thermal Stability by Thermogravimetry
E2958 Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Factor Jump/Modulated Thermogravimetry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 failure, n—change in some chemical, physical, mechanical, electrical or other property of sufficient magnitude to make
it unsuitable for a particular use.
3.1.2 failure temperature (T ), n—the temperature at which a material fails after a selected time.
f
3.1.3 thermal index (TI), n—the temperature corresponding to a selected time-to-failure.
3.1.4 relative thermal index (RTI), n—the temperature corresponding to a selected time-to-failure when compared with that of
a control with proven thermal endurance characteristics.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on Fundamental, Statistical
and Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2013March 1, 2015. Published December 2013March 2015. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20112013
as E1877 – 11.E1877 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/E1877-13. 10.1520/E1877-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.4.1 Discussion—
The TI and RTI are considered to be the maximum temperature below which the material resists changes in its properties over a
selected period of time. In the absence of comparison data for a control material, a thermal endurance (time-to-failure) of 60 000 h
has been arbitrarily selected for measuring TI and RTI.
3.1.5 thermal endurance, n—the time-to-failure corresponding to a selected temperature. Also known as thermal lifetime.life-
time or time-to-failure.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1877 − 15
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 The Arrhenius activation energy obtained from other Test Methods (such as Test MethodMethods E1641, Refs and E2958(1,
2),etc.) is used to construct the thermal endurance curve of an organic material from which an estimate of lifetime at selected
temperatures may be obtained.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Thermogravimetry provides a rapid method for the determination of the temperature-decomposition profile of a material.
5.2 This practice is useful for quality control, specification acceptance, and research.
5.3 This test method is intended to provide an accelerated thermal endurance estimation in a fraction of the time require for
oven-aging tests. The primary product of this test method is the thermal index (temperature) for a selected estimated thermal
endurance (time) as derived from material decomposition.
5.4 Alternatively, the estimated thermal endurance (time) of a material may be estimated from a selected thermal index
(temperature).
5.5 Additionally, the
...