ASTM D6249-98
(Guide)Standard Guide for Aklaline Stabilization of Wastewater Treatment Plant Residuals
Standard Guide for Aklaline Stabilization of Wastewater Treatment Plant Residuals
SCOPE
1.1 This document provides guidance for use of reactive alkaline materials (quicklime, hydrated lime, high lime fly ash, or other byproducts) for treating wastewater solids (biosolids) to reduce pathogen levels and achieve compliance with regulatory requirements. Federal (40 CFR, Part 503) regulations for use or disposal of biosolids became effective on March 22, 1993; refer to USEPA regulations and guidance documents for information on other treatment processes or for specific requirements for use or disposal of biosolids.
1.2 Additional requirements may be imposed by individual states, and these are available through state regulatory agencies that issue permits for treatment and use or disposal, or both, of biosolids.
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Designation:D6249–98
Standard Guide for
Alkaline Stabilization of Wastewater Treatment Plant
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Residuals
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6249; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This document provides guidance for use of reactive 4.1 Operators of power and other plants producing alkaline
alkaline materials (quicklime, hydrated lime, high lime fly ash, by-products and wastewater treatment plant operators needing
or other byproducts) for treating wastewater solids (biosolids) to treat and manage wastewater solids will find this guide
to reduce pathogen levels and achieve compliance with regu- helpful in dealing with their materials.
latoryrequirements.Federal(40CFR,Part503)regulationsfor 4.2 This guide provides the tests, procedures, and param-
use or disposal of biosolids became effective on March 22, eters that should be considered to significantly reduce patho-
1993; refer to USEPAregulations and guidance documents for gens in wastewater treatment plant solids by the addition of
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information on other treatment processes or for specific re- manufactured or by-product alkaline materials (1).
quirements for use or disposal of biosolids.
5. Alkaline Materials Characteristics
1.2 Additional requirements may be imposed by individual
states,andtheseareavailablethroughstateregulatoryagencies 5.1 Chemical Composition:
Alkaline materials may be tested for Available Lime Index
that issue permits for treatment and use or disposal, or both, of
biosolids. (ALI) in accordance with the optional chemical test ofTable 1.
Other chemical components, if required, may be determined in
2. Referenced Documents
accordance with the appropriate procedure when requested by
2.1 ASTM Standards: the purchaser.
C 25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, 5.2 Reactivity:
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Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime 5.2.1 Alkaline materials should be tested for pH and heat of
C 110 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Quicklime, hydration (heat rise or slaking rate) in accordance with the
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Hydrated Lime, and Limestone recommended tests of Table 2.
2.2 USEPA Publication: 5.3 Physical Characteristics:
Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 503, 5.3.1 Alkaline materials should be tested to determine the
StandardsfortheUseorDisposalofSewageSludge;Final particle size in accordance with the recommended physical
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Rules, 58 FR 9248-9404 tests of Table 3.
3. Terminology 6. Process Performance
3.1 Acronyms:acronyms—these are defined by operating 6.1 PFRP (Class A) Alkaline Treatment of Biosolids:
parameters (for example, time, temperature) whose values 6.1.1 Mixing—Thorough mixing of the biosolids and stabi-
must be met in order for biosolids to be used in various ways lization reagent must be provided to ensure uniform pH
as a nutrient source/soil conditioner. Ref. 40 CFR Part 257. distribution and pathogen reduction throughout the biosolids
3.1.1 PFRP—Processes to Further Reduce Pathogens mass (2). Effective mixing depends upon achieving the appro-
(equivalent to 503 Class A). priate ratio of alkaline material to biosolids cake uniformly
3.1.2 PSRP—Processes to Significantly Reduce Pathogens distributed throughout the treated biosolids.
(equivalent to 503 Class B). 6.1.1.1 Biosolids with a high moisture content will require
less mixing energy than high-solids biosolids cake.
6.1.1.2 Biosolids characteristics will determine the proper
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This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
type of equipment or system required for adequate mixing.
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.07 on Municipal
Solid Waste.
Current edition approved April 10, 1998. Published September 1998.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
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Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of
Office, Washington, DC 20402. this guide.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D6249
TABLE 1 Optional Chemical Test
ensure proper penetration and reaction than is required by wet
Test Method Component Specification biosolids (less than 18 %).
A
C 25 Available Lime Index (ALI), %
6.1.4.2 The calcium oxide in the reagent must react with the
A
To be specified only as required by purchaser.
moisture in biosolids (hydration) producing calcium hydroxide
and heat. The moisture content in the biosolids mass must be
TABLE 2 Rec
...
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