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ASTM D7224-05e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by Portable Separometer

Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by Portable Separometer

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a rapid portable means for field and laboratory use to rate the ability of kerosine-type aviation turbine fuels, both neat and those containing additives, to release entrained or emulsified water when passed through fiberglass coalescing material.
1.1.1 This test method is applicable to kerosine-type aviation turbine fuels including: Jet A and Jet A-1 (as described in Specification D 1655); JP-5, JP-7, JP-8, and JP-8+100. (See Section 6.)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 8.2-8.5.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2005
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.J0 - Aviation Fuels
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7224-05 - Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by Portable Separometer
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D7224-07 - Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-Type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by Portable Separometer
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D1655-23 - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D3948-22 - Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Portable Separometer
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D8073-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuel by Small Scale Water Separation Instrument
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005

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ASTM D7224-05e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by Portable SeparometerASTM D7224-05e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by Portable Separometer
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ASTM D7224-05e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by Portable Separometer
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
e1
Designation: D 7224 – 05
Standard Test Method for
Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-
type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by
1
Portable Separometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Corrected typographical error in 13.8 editorially in March 2006.
INTRODUCTION
This test method was developed to satisfy three objectives: (1) Develop a test method that would
respond in the same manner as Test Method D 3948 to strong surfactants, but not give low
micro-separometer(MSEP)ratingstofuelscontainingweaksurfactants(additives)thatdonotdegrade
the performance of commercial filter separator elements; (2) Use filter media in the coalescer test that
would be representative of the filtration media in commercial filter separator elements; and (3)
Improve the precision of the test method compared to Test Method D 3948.
This test method was developed using material that is representative of coalescing materials
currently used in commercial filter separator elements. The fiberglass coalescing material used in Test
Method D 3948 was suitable for coalescing filters in use when that test method was developed, but
developments in coalescing elements in the intervening years have resulted in improved materials that
are not affected by weak surfactants. Test Method D 3948 yields low results on some additized fuels
that do not affect the performance of filter separators (coalescing filters) in actual service. Since this
test method was developed with material that is representative of the media used in current filter
separators, the results by this test method are more relevant to performance in current filter separators.
1. Scope bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
warning statements, see 8.2-8.5.
1.1 This test method covers a rapid portable means for field
and laboratory use to rate the ability of kerosine-type aviation
2. Referenced Documents
turbine fuels, both neat and those containing additives, to
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
release entrained or emulsified water when passed through
D 1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
fiberglass coalescing material.
D 2550 MethodofTestforWaterSeparationCharacteristics
1.1.1 This test method is applicable to kerosine-type avia-
3
of Aviation Turbine Fuels
tion turbine fuels including: Jet A and Jet A-1 (as described in
D 3602 TestMethodforWaterSeparationCharacteristicsof
Specification D 1655); JP-5, JP-7, JP-8, and JP-8+100. (See
3
Aviation Turbine Fuels
Section 6.)
D 3948 Test Method for Determining Water Separation
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Portable
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Separometer
only.
D 4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D02.J0 on Aviation Fuels. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published January 2006. Withdrawn.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
e1
D7224–05
4
2.2 Military Standards: 4. Summary of Test Method
MIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation Grades JP-4, JP-5,
4.1 A water/fuel sample emulsion is created in a syringe
and JP-5/JP- 8 ST
using a high-speed mixer. The emulsion is then expelled from
MIL-DTL-25524 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Thermally Stable
the syringe at a programmed rate through a specific fiberglass
MIL-DTL-38219 Turbine Fuels, Low Volatility, JP-7 5
coalescer, the MCell Coalescer, and the effluent is analyzed
MIL-DTL-83133 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Kerosene Types,
for uncoalesced water (that is, dispersed water droplets) by a
NATO F-34 (JP-8), NATO F-35, and JP-8+100
light transmission measurement. The Micro-Separometer has
an effective range of 50-to-100 scaled
...

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5.1 The combustion quality of aviation turbine fuel has traditionally been controlled in specifications by such tests as smoke point (see Test Method D1322), smoke volatility index, aromatic content of luminometer number (see Test Method D1740). Evidence is accumulating that a better control of the quality may be obtained by limiting the minimum hydrogen content of the fuel.  
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SCOPE
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1.4 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
7  
Preparation of Apparatus  
8  
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests  
9  
Test Procedure  
10  
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity  
11  
Report  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Annexes  
Safety Precautions  
Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware  
Annex A4  
External Oil System  
Annex A5  
Cummins Service Publications  
Annex A6  
Specified Units and Formats  
Annex A7  
Oil Analyses  
Annex A8  
Alternate Fuel Approval Process  
Annex A9  
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5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.  
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5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.  
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.  
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1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the hydrogen content of petroleum products ranging from atmospheric distillates to vacuum residua using a continuous wave, low-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. (Test Method D3701 is the preferred method for determining the hydrogen content of aviation turbine fuels using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.)  
1.2 Three test methods are included here that account for the special characteristics of different petroleum products and apply to the following distillation ranges:    
Test Method  
Petroleum Products  
Boiling Range, °C (°F)
(approximate)  
A  
Light Distillates  
15–260 (60–500)  
B  
Middle Distillates  
200–370 (400–700)  
Gas Oils  
370–510 (700–950)  
C  
Residua  
510+ (950+ )  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. The preferred units are mass %.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7.2 and 7.4.  
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5.3 The presence of vanadium and nickel presents significant risks for contamination of the cracking catalysts in the refining process.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of total vanadium and nickel in crude and residual oil in the concentration ranges shown in Table 1 using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry.  
1.2 Sulfur is measured for analytical purposes only for the compensation of X-ray absorption matrix effects affecting the vanadium and nickel X-rays. For measurement of sulfur by standard test method use Test Methods D4294, D2622 or other suitable standard test method for sulfur in crude and residual oils.  
1.3 This test method is limited to the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers employing an X-ray tube for excitation in conjunction with wavelength dispersive detection system or energy dispersive high resolution semiconductor detector with the ability to separate signals of adjacent and near-adjacent elements.  
1.4 This test method uses inter-element correction factors calculated from XRF theory, the fundamental parameters (FP) approach, or best fit regression.  
1.5 Samples containing higher concentrations than shown in Table 1 must be diluted to bring the elemental concentration of the diluted material within the scope of this test method.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6.1 The preferred concentrations units are mg/kg for vanadium and nickel.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off