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ASTM C1227-02a

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Septic Tanks

Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Septic Tanks

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers design requirements manufacturing practices, and performance requirements for monolithic or sectional precast concrete septic tanks.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Apr-2002
ICS
13.060.30 - Sewage water
Technical Committee
C27 - Precast Concrete Products
Drafting Committee
C27.30 - Water and Wastewater Containers
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1227-02 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Septic Tanks
Effective Date
10-Apr-2002
Replaced By
ASTM C1227-02b - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Septic Tanks
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM C1644-06(2017) - Standard Specification for Resilient Connectors Between Reinforced Concrete On-Site Wastewater Tanks and Pipes
Effective Date
10-Apr-2002
Referred By
ASTM C1719-11(2017) - Standard Test Method for Installed Precast Concrete Tanks and Accessories by the Negative Air Pressure (Vacuum) Test Prior to Backfill
Effective Date
10-Apr-2002

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ASTM C1227-02a - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Septic Tanks
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Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: C 1227 – 02a
Standard Specification for
1
Precast Concrete Septic Tanks
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1227; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete
3
Aggregates
1.1 This specification covers design requirements, manufac-
4
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
turing practices, and performance requirements for monolithic
C 231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
or sectional precast concrete septic tanks.
3
Concrete by the Pressure Method
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
C 260 Specification forAir-EntrainingAdmixtures for Con-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3
crete
only.
C 330 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Struc-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3
tural Concrete
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3
C 494 Specification for ChemicalAdmixtures for Concrete
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4
C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
C 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Natural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Admixture in
3
2. Referenced Documents Concrete
C 685 Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
Batching and Continuous Mixing
A 82 Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Re-
2
C 890 Practice for Minimum Structural Design Loading for
inforcement
Monolithic or Sectional Precast Concrete Water and
A 184/A 184M Specification for Welded Deformed Steel
5
2
Wastewater Structures
Bar Mats for Concrete Reinforcement
6
2.2 ACI Standard:
A 185 Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement,
2
ACI 318-89 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced
Plain, for Concrete
Concrete
A 496 Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete
2
Reinforcement
3. Terminology
A 497 Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement,
2
3.1 For definitions of terms relating to concrete, see Termi-
Deformed, for Concrete
nology C 125.
A 615/A 615M Specification for Deformed and Plain
2
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
3.2.1 access opening, n—a hole in the top slab used to gain
A 616/A 616M Specification for Rail-Steel Deformed and
2
access to the inside of the tank for the purpose of cleaning and
Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
removing sludge without a person actually having to enter the
A 617/A 617M Specification for Axle-Steel Deformed and
2
tank.
Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
3 3.2.2 air scum volume, n—the number of cubic inches
C 33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
(centimetres) in the space between the liquid surface and the
C 39 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical
3
underside of the top slab.
Concrete Specimens
3
3.2.3 inspection opening, n—a hole in the top slab used for
C 94 Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete
the purpose of observing conditions inside the tank.
3.2.4 joint, n—a physical separation where two pieces of
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C27 on Precast precast concrete are in contact.
ConcreteProductsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC27.30onWater
and Wastewater Containers.
Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originally
4
published as C 1227–93. Last previous edition C 1227–02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.04. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. American Concrete Institute (ACI), Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C 1227
3.2.5 non-sealed joint, n—a joint where sealant is not used 5.5.2 Holding Reinforcement in Position During Pouring
but where a machined fit will minimize the movement of liquid Placement—Reinforcement must be securely tied in place to
from one side of a precast concrete wall to the opposite side. maintain position during concrete placing operations. Chairs,
3.2.6 sealed joint, n—a joint that is sealed to prevent liquid bolsters, braces, and spacers in contact with forms shall have a
passing from one side of a precast concrete wall to the opposite corrosion-resistant surface.
side. 5.6 Concrete Mixtures—The aggregates, cement, and water
3.2.7 septictanksystem,n—ananaerobicdigestionchamber shall be proportioned and mixed to produce a homogeneous
in which domestic sewage is received and retai
...

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1.1 This specification covers the recommended design requirements and manufacturing practices for monolithic or sectional precast concrete water and wastewater structures with the exception of concrete pipe, box culverts, utility structures, septic tanks, grease interceptor tanks, and items included under the scope of Specification C478/C478M.  
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This specification covers monolithicor sectional precast concrete septic tanks. The following materials shall be used for manufacturing concrete septic tank: cement, aggregates, water, admixtures, steel reinforcement, concrete mixtures, forms, concrete placement, fibers, and sealants. The precast concrete sections shall be cured. Structural design of the septic tanks shall be by calculation or by performance. Concrete strength, reinforcing steel placement, and openings shall also be considered in the design. The physical design requirements include: capacity, shape, compartments, influent and effluent pipes, baffles and outlet devices, and openings in top slab. The following tests shall also be done: proof testing, leakage testing, vacuum testing, and water-pressure testing.
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1.1 This specification covers the recommended design requirements and manufacturing practices for monolithic or sectional precast concrete water and wastewater structures with the exception of concrete pipe, box culverts, utility structures, septic tanks, grease interceptor tanks, and items included under the scope of Specification C478/C478M.  
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Standard Practice for Emulsification/Suspension of Multiphase Fluid Waste Materials

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Standard Practice for Standardized Aquatic Microcosms: Fresh Water

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Section  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Practice  
4  
Significance and Use  
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Apparatus  
6  
Facilities  
6.1  
Container  
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Equipment  
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Hazards  
7  
Microcosm Components  
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Sediment  
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Microcosm Assembly  
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Test Material  
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General  
9.1  
Stock Solution  
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Nutrient Control  
9.3  
Test Organisms  
10  
Algae  
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Animals  
10.2  
Specificity of Organisms  
10.3  
Sources  
10.4  
Algal Culture Maintenance  
10.5  
Animal Culture Maintenance  
10.6  
Procedure  
11  
Experimental Design  
11.1  
Inoculation  
11.2  
Culling  
11.3  
Addition of Test Material  
11.4  
Measurements  
11.5  
Reinoculations  
11.6  
Analytical Methodology  
12  
Data Processing  
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Calculations of Variables from Measurements  
14  
Statistical Analyses ...

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5.1 Domestic wastewater headspace environments are corrosive due to the presence of sewer gases and sulfuric acid generated during the biogenic sulfide corrosion process.5 This operating procedure provides an accelerated exposure to sewer gases and concentration of sulfuric acid commonly produced by bacteria within these sewer environments.6  
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SCOPE
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1.2 This apparatus may simulate the pertinent attributes of a typical domestic severe wastewater headspace (sewer) environment. The testing chamber comprises two phases: (1) a liquid phase containing a prescribed acid and saline solution, and (2) a vapor phase consisting of air, humidity, and concentrated sewer gas (Note 1). The temperature of the test chamber is elevated to create accelerated conditions and reaction rates.
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5.1 The principal characteristic of geomembranes is their intrinsically low permeability to a broad range of gases, vapors, and liquids, both as single-component fluids and as complex mixtures of many constituents. As low-permeable materials, geomembranes are being used in a wide range of engineering applications in geotechnical, environmental, and transportation areas as barriers to control the migration of mobile fluids and their constituents. The range of potential permeants is broad and the service conditions can differ greatly. This guide shows users test methods available for determining the permeability of geomembranes to various permeants.  
5.2 The transmission of various species through a geomembrane is subject to many factors that must be assessed in order to be able to predict its effectiveness for a specific service. Permeability measurements are affected by test conditions, and measurements made by one method cannot be translated from one application to another. A wide variety of permeability tests have been devised to measure the permeability of polymeric materials; however, only a limited number of these procedures have been applied to geomembranes. Test conditions and procedures should be selected to reflect actual service requirements as closely as possible. It should be noted that field conditions may be difficult to model or maintain in the laboratory. This may impact apparent performance of geomembrane samples.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers selecting one or more appropriate test methods to assess the permeability of all candidate geomembranes for a proposed specific application to various permeants. The widely different uses of geomembranes as barriers to the transport and migration of different gases, vapors, and liquids under different service conditions require determinations of permeability by test methods that relate to and simulate the service. Geomembranes are nonporous, homogeneous materials that are permeable in varying degrees to gases, vapors, and liquids on a molecular scale in a three-step process by: (1) dissolution in or absorption by the geomembrane on the upstream side, (2) diffusion through the geomembrane, and (3) desorption on the downstream side of the barrier.  
1.2 The rate of transmission of a given chemical species, whether as a single permeant or in mixtures, is driven by its chemical potential or in practical terms by its concentration gradient across the geomembrane. Various methods to assess the permeability of geomembranes to single component permeants, such as individual gases, vapors, and liquids are referenced and briefly described.  
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Standard Specification for Silica-Based Sediments for the Evaluation of Stormwater Treatment Devices

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minerology, specific gravity, and particle size distributions (PSDs) of silica-based sediments to be used in the laboratory performance testing of stormwater treatment devices as well as criteria defining acceptable error for the target PSDs.  
1.2 Silica-based sediment is used as a surrogate material for performance and scour determinations for some manufactured stormwater treatment devices such as hydrodynamic separators and filters. These data are used to gain regulatory approvals within certain jurisdictions.  
1.3 Acceptance of test results attained according to this specification may be subject to specific requirements set by a Quality Assurance Project Plan, a specific verification protocol, or a policy set by an Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). It is advised to review one or all of the above to ensure compliance.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard, except for methods to establish and report sediment concentration and particle size. It is convention to exclusively describe sediment concentration in mg/L and particle size in mm or μm, both of which are SI units. The SI units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than inch-pound units shall be regarded as conforming with this test method.  
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer and water works. Reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, and water, in which steel reinforcement has been embedded in such a manner so that the steel reinforcement and concrete act together. Aggregates shall conform to the specification , except that the requirements for gradation shall not apply. Minimum compressive strength of concrete manhole products covered must meet the requirement. The aggregates shall be sized, graded, proportioned, and mixed with such proportions of cementitious materials and water as will produce as homogeneous concrete mixture of such quality that the products will conform to the test and design requirements. Concrete products shall be subjected to either steam or water curing. Test methods such as compression and absorption testing shall be performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer, drainage, and water works.  
1.2 Part I, Sections 1 – 11, of this specification presents general requirements and requirements that are common to each precast concrete product covered by this specification.  
1.3 Part II of this specification presents specific requirements for each manhole product in the following sections:    
Product  
Section  
Grade Rings  
12  
Flat Slab Tops  
13  
Risers and Conical Tops  
14  
Base Sections  
15  
Steps and Ladders  
16  
Note 1: Future products will be included in Part II in a future revision of this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
Note 2: This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relationship between field load conditions and the strength requirements of the manhole products and appurtenances. Experience has shown, however, that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the product strength, type of foundation and backfill, and care in the field installation of the manhole products and connecting pipes. The owner of the project for which these products are specified herein is cautioned to require inspection at the construction site.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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