ASTM F1306-90(1998)

Standard Test Method for Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films and Laminates

SCOPE
1.1 This test method permits flexible barrier films and laminates to be be characterized for slow rate penetration resistance to a driven probe. The test is performed at room temperature, by applying a biaxial stress at a single test velocity on the material until perforation occurs. The force, energy, and elongation to perforation are determined.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-1998
• Technical Committee: F02 - Primary Barrier Packaging
• Drafting Committee: F02.30 - Mechanical Dispensers

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F1306-90(2002) - Standard Test Method for Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films and Laminates
• Effective Date: 27-Jul-1990
• Referred By: ASTM F3510-21 - Standard Guide for Characterizing Fiber-Based Constructs for Tissue-Engineered Medical Products
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F2097-20 - Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 1306 – 90 (Reapproved 1998)
Standard Test Method for
Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films
and Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1306; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method permits flexible barrier films and 4.1 Penetration resistance is an important end-use perfor-
laminates to be be characterized for slow rate penetration mance of thin flexible materials where a sharp-edged product
resistance to a driven probe. The test is performed at room can destroy the integrity of a barrier wrap. This will permit
temperature, by applying a biaxial stress at a single test package entry/exit of gases, odors, and unwanted contami-
velocity on the material until perforation occurs. The force, nates, causing potential harm to the product and reducing
energy, and elongation to perforation are determined. shelf-life. Material response to penetration will vary with
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the numerous factors, such as film thickness, elastic modulus, rate
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the of penetration, temperature, shape and type of probe. Conse-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- quently, material responses from puncture to stretch may be
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- observed and quantified using this method. Although numerous
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. combinations of experimental factors can be devised and used
to simulate specific end-use applications, the recommended
2. Referenced Documents
conditions in this method should be followed for standard
2.1 ASTM Standards: comparisons of materials.
D 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
5. Apparatus
lation
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing 5.1 Universal Testing Apparatus, with a recording device.
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics 5.2 Compression Load Cell(s).
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to 5.3 Penetration Probe as per Fig. 1.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method 5.3.1 A 3.2 mm (0.125 in.) diameter hemispherical (biaxial
stress) probe is recommended for general application and
3. Terminology
standard comparison of materials and interlaboratory results.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 5.4 Specimen Clamping Fixture as per Fig. 2 or equivalent.
3.1.1 elongation (stretch)—the elastic/plastic deformation
5.4.1 A sample test diameter of 34.9 mm (1.375 in.) is
of flexible sheet material under penetration by a driven probe.
required for interlaboratory comparison of results. (If other
3.1.2 penetration resistance—the ability of a flexible sheet probes are used, a minimum clamp to probe diameter ratio of
material to withstand elongation and/or puncture by a driven
10 to 1 is required.)
probe. 5.5 Specimen Cutter.
3.1.3 perforation—the development of a measurable flaw
6. Test Specimen
through a barrier film undergoing penetration.
3.1.4 probe penetration to failure—distance probe travels 6.1 The test specimen shall be of uniform thickness (62%
from film contact to an instantaneous drop in load as observed or 0.0025 mm (0.0001 in.), whichever is larger).
on Universal Testing Equipment recorder. 6.2 The dimensions of the test specimen shall be 76 mm by
3.1.5 puncture—the brittle elastic fracture of a flexible sheet 76 mm (3 in. by 3 in.).
material under penetration by a driven probe.
7. Preparation of Apparatus
7.1 Consult the equipment operations manual for instruc-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-2 on Flexible
tions to set up and operate the equipment.
Barrier Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.30 on Test
7.2 Install probe apparatus.
Methods.
7.3 Center probe over the fixture.
Current edition approved July 27, 1990. Published September 1990.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 1306
10.4 Measure the caliper (average of 3 readings) in the
center of a film specimen.
10.5 Adjust the universal tester cross head speed to 25
mm/min (1.0 in./min). (Set chart speed recorder to 500
mm/min (20 in./min), if applicable.) Select a data acquisition
rate to give a minimum resolution of 0.1 mm/point of penetra-
tion.
10.6 Clamp the film specimen in the holder, place sample
holder directly under crosshead probe, center and lower it as
close as possible to the film specimen without making contact.
10.7 Set the appropriate stops and returns on the tester.
Reset data collection devices to zero, if applicable.
10.8 Activate universal tester. At the first sign of a perfora-
tion through the film, return the crosshead to origination point.
(A perforation is any size hole in the film specimen visible to
the naked eye, or a point where an instantaneous drop in load
FIG. 1 Penetration Probe
to near zero occurs.) See Fig. 3.
NOTE 1—In case of laminate materials, multiple drops in load may be
observed as discrete layers fail. Under this condition the last instantaneous
drop to near zero would be considered a failure.
10.9 Record specimen identification, force (peak) to break,
energy (work) to break, and probe penetration (at first break)
from mechanical testing software output (Fig. 3). (If using
chart recording instruments, record specimen identification on
chart and integrator reading if used.)
10.10 Repeat test sequence (10.1 to 10.9) for the remaining
samples.
11. Calculation
11.1 Compute the values of peak force, probe penetration to
break, and energy to break.
11.1.1 Software computed values are acceptable.
11.2 Use the following formulas for calculating the required
values for data acquisition with a time based chart recorder.
FIG. 2 Specimen Clamping Fixture
11.2.1 Force to Break—Peak force to achieve break (New-
tons):
8. Number of Test Specimens
D
8.1 Test at least five specimens for each sample.
N 5 R 3 L or 3 L (1)
W
9. Conditioning
9.1 Condition the test specimens at 23 6 2°C (73.4 6
3.6°F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for not less than 40 h
prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D 618
for those tests where conditioning is required.
9.2 Conduct tests in the standard laboratory atmosphere of
23 6 2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and 50 % 6 5 % relative humidity
unless otherwise specified in this test method.
10. Procedure
10.1 Following the instrument manufacturer’s instructions,
calibrate the test equipment.
10.2 Select an equipment load range so that specimen
puncture occurs within 20 to 80 % of the same.
10.3 Using the specimen cutter, cut each sample material
into a minimum of five 3 in. by 3 in. pieces. FIG. 3 Graphical Output of Slow Rate Penetration Test
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 1306
13.1.1 Table 1 and Table 2 are based on a round robin
where:
con
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