ASTM E1406-95(2022)

Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Filter Flasks

ABSTRACT
This specification provides standard dimensional requirements for glass filtering flasks suitable for general laboratory use. Glass filter flasks shall be in the following types: Type I, Type II (Class 1 and Class 2), and Type III (Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3). Flasks shall be made of the specified borosilicate glass and shall conform to the prescribed maximum residual thermal stress. The general appearance of the flasks are illustrated. The design for (1) conical flasks including bottom concavity and bottom heel radius, (2) neck finish, and (3) side-arm are specified. Filtering flasks shall conform to the prescribed requirements for (1) capacity; (2) dimensions such as body outside diameter, overall height, rubber stopper size, bottom and heel wall thickness, and base/heel radius; and (4) pressure resistance. Each flask shall be permanently marked with the name or known trademark of the manufacturer and the nominal capacity. There shall be an area on one side of the flask for marking with a pencil.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides standard dimensional requirements for glass filtering flasks suitable for general laboratory use.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2022
• ICS: 71.040.20 - Laboratory ware and related apparatus
• Technical Committee: E41 - Laboratory Apparatus
• Drafting Committee: E41.01 - Laboratory Ware and Supplies

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E438-92(2024) - Standard Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM E920-97(2019) - Standard Specification for Commercially Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2019
• Refers: ASTM E676-02(2019) - Standard Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Joints
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2019
• Refers: ASTM E438-92(2018) - Standard Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Refers: ASTM E920-97(2013) - Standard Specification for Commercially Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Refers: ASTM E676-02(2012) - Standard Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Joints
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Refers: ASTM E438-92(2011) - Standard Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM E1157-87(2018)e1 - Standard Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM E1157-87(2011) - Standard Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM E1133-86(2010) - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Laboratory Apparatus for United States Government Procurements
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2010
• Refers: ASTM E921-97(2010) - Standard Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
• Effective Date: 15-May-2010
• Refers: ASTM E671-98(2010) - Standard Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Residual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Refers: ASTM E920-97(2008) - Standard Specification for Commercially Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Refers: ASTM E676-02(2007) - Standard Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Joints
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Refers: ASTM E1157-87(2006) - Standard Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2006

Overview

ASTM E1406-95(2022), "Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Filter Flasks," defines the dimensional, material, and performance requirements for glass filter flasks used in laboratory settings. Developed by ASTM International, this standard supports global consistency and quality in laboratory glassware by specifying criteria for the construction, capacity, pressure resistance, marking, and packaging of filter flasks. Adherence to this standard ensures that glass filter flasks are safe, durable, and suitable for general laboratory filtration procedures.

Key Topics

• Types and Classes: Filter flasks are categorized into three types (Type I, II, III) and various classes, differentiated by construction details such as side-arm design (grooved, barbed, threaded, or replaceable), and available capacities ranging from 25 mL to 4000 mL.
• Material Requirements: All filter flasks must be made from borosilicate glass compliant with ASTM E438, ensuring resistance to thermal shock and chemical corrosion.
• Dimensional Specifications: The standard prescribes capacities, neck finishes, side-arm configurations, stopper sizes, wall thicknesses, and requirements for bottom and heel radii. These features ensure stability and compatibility with standard laboratory equipment.
• Pressure Resistance: Flasks must withstand a minimum external-internal pressure differential of 29 psi, tested according to a defined protocol, to enhance laboratory safety during vacuum filtration.
• Markings and Identification: Each flask must be permanently marked with the manufacturer’s name or trademark and nominal capacity, with a designated area for pencil marking, promoting traceability and ease of use.
• Sampling, Testing, and Packaging: Guidance is provided for product testing (according to ASTM E1157), as well as packaging for commercial and export preparation, to maintain product integrity during shipment and storage.

Applications

Laboratory glass filter flasks standardized by ASTM E1406-95(2022) are essential tools in chemical, biological, and analytical laboratories. Their primary uses include:

• Vacuum Filtration: Employed for separation of solids from liquids using filter paper and vacuum pressure.
• Sample Preparation: Suited for processes requiring removal of particulate matter prior to analysis.
• General Laboratory Use: Used as part of everyday workflows in research, educational, and industrial laboratories.
• Quality Assurance: Consistent flask dimensions and pressure ratings are vital for reproducibility and safety in laboratory procedures.

These standardized flasks support efficient filtration setups and reduce the risk of breakage or operational failure, thereby promoting safety and reliability in laboratory environments.

Related Standards

Several ASTM and international standards complement ASTM E1406-95(2022) to ensure quality and compatibility of laboratory glassware and filtration equipment:

• ASTM E438 - Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
• ASTM E671 - Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Residual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus
• ASTM E676 - Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Joints
• ASTM E920 - Specification for Commercially Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
• ASTM E921 - Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
• ASTM E1133 - Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
• ASTM E1157 - Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable Laboratory Glassware

These standards together create a comprehensive framework for laboratory glassware quality control, performance, and safe operation in professional lab environments.

By following ASTM E1406-95(2022), manufacturers, laboratories, and institutions confirm their commitment to quality, safety, and international best practices in laboratory filtration processes.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1406 −95 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Laboratory Glass Filter Flasks
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1406; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2.1 Class 1—With grooved or barbed side-arm in ca-
pacities of 25, 50, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 mL.
1.1 This specification provides standard dimensional re-
3.1.2.2 Class 2—With threaded side-arm in capacities of
quirements for glass filtering flasks suitable for general labo-
125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 mL.
ratory use.
3.1.3 Type III—With replaceable side-arm.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.3.1 Class 1—Straight style, in capacities of 250, 500,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1000, 2000, and 4000 mL.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.3.2 Class 2—45 % angle side-arm, in capacities of 125,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 mL.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.3.3 Class 3—Two 45 % angle side-arm, in capacities of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
500, 1000, and 2000 mL.
NOTE 1—The term millilitre (mL) is commonly used as a special name
2. Referenced Documents
for the cubic centimetre (cm ) and similarly the liter (L) for 1000 cubic
2.1 ASTM Standards:
centimetres, in accordance with the International System of Units (SI).
E438 Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
E671 Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Re-
4. Material and Manufacturing
sidual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus
4.1 Flasks shall be made of borosilicate glass conforming to
E676 Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Joints
the requirement of Type I, Class A of Specification E438.
E920 Specification for Commercially Packaged Laboratory
4.2 Maximum residual thermal stress shall be such as to
Apparatus
conform to Specification E671.
E921 Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Appa-
ratus
E1133 Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Labo- 5. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
ratory Apparatus for United States Government Procure-
5.1 The general appearance of the flasks shall be as illus-
ments
trated in Fig. 1.
E1157 Specification for Sampling and Testing of Reusable
Laboratory Glassware
6. Design
6.1 Conical flasks shall have flat bottoms. However, con-
3. Classification
cavity in the bottom shall be permitted. The flasks shall stand
3.1 Filtering flasks shall be in the following types and
vertically without rocking or spinning when placed on a level
capacities:
surface. Bottom heel radius shall be smooth and shall be not
3.1.1 Type I—Plain, heavy wall, in capacities of 250, 500,
less than that given in Table 1.
1000, 2000, or 4000 mL.
6.2 Neck finish shall be strengthened and may be tapered or
3.1.2 Type II—With integral side-arm.
cylindrical or, alternatively, it may be manufactured with an
interchangeable taper-ground joint of appropriate size (see
Specification E676).
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on
Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 on
6.3 Side-arm or Type II and III shall be located above or
Laboratory Ware and Supplies.
straddling the neck to body juncture. It shall be located
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2022. Published September 2022. Originally
sufficiently below the top finish to avoid blockage by an
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E1406 – 95(2016).
DOI: 10.1520/E1406-95R22.
inserted stopper.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.3.1 Type II shall have an integral glass side-arm.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.3.1.1 TypeII—Class1side-arms(groovedorbarbed)shall
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. be capable of accepting rubber tubing (see Fig. 1).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1406 − 95 (2022)
FIG. 1 General Appearance of Glass Filter Flasks
TABLE 1 Capacity and Dimensions
7. Capacity and Dimensions
Body
Wall 7.1 Conical filtering flasks shall conform to the require-
Outside
Overall Rubber Thickness Base/Heel
ments of Tab
...