ASTM D482-12

Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Knowledge of the amount of ash-forming material present in a product can provide information as to whether or not the product is suitable for use in a given application. Ash can result from oil or water-soluble metallic compounds or from extraneous solids such as dirt and rust.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ash in the range 0.001–0.180 mass %, from distillate and residual fuels, gas turbine fuels, crude oils, lubricating oils, waxes, and other petroleum products, in which any ash-forming materials present are normally considered to be undesirable impurities or contaminants (Note 1). The test method is limited to petroleum products which are free from added ash-forming additives, including certain phosphorus compounds (Note 2). Note 1—In certain types of samples, all of the ash-forming metals are not retained quantitatively in the ash. This is particularly true of distillate oils, which require a special ash procedure in order to retain metals quantitatively.Note 2—This test method is not intended for the analysis of unused lubricating oils containing additives; for such samples use Test Method D874. Neither is it intended for the analysis of lubricating oils containing lead nor for used engine crankcase oils.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. The preferred expression of the property is mass %.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2012
• ICS: 75.080 - Petroleum products in general
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.03 - Elemental Analysis

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D482-07 - Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM C726-17 - Standard Specification for Mineral Wool Roof Insulation Board
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D5966-22 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils for Roller Follower Wear in Light-Duty Diesel Engine
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D5967-21 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D7666-12(2019) - Standard Specification for Triglyceride Burner Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D7455-19 - Standard Practice for Sample Preparation of Petroleum and Lubricant Products for Elemental Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM F715-07(2023) - Standard Test Methods for Coated Fabrics Used for Oil Spill Control and Storage
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D7876-13(2018) - Standard Practice for Practice for Sample Decomposition Using Microwave Heating (With or Without Prior Ashing) for Atomic Spectroscopic Elemental Determination in Petroleum Products and Lubricants
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D4868-17 - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net and Gross Heat of Combustion of Hydrocarbon Burner and Diesel Fuels
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D2880-23 - Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D7468-22 - Standard Test Method for Cummins ISM Test
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D524-15(2019) - Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D6750-23 - Standard Test Methods for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine—1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D7549-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Heavy-Duty Engine Oils under High Output Conditions—Caterpillar C13 Test Procedure
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D6681-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine—Caterpillar 1P Test Procedure
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D482 − 12
Designation:4/96
Standard Test Method for
1
Ash from Petroleum Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D482; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ash in the
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
range 0.001–0.180 mass %, from distillate and residual fuels,
Petroleum Products
gas turbine fuels, crude oils, lubricating oils, waxes, and other
D4928 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric
petroleum products, in which any ash-forming materials pres-
Karl Fischer Titration
ent are normally considered to be undesirable impurities or
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
contaminants (Note 1).The test method is limited to petroleum
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
products which are free from added ash-forming additives,
Measurement System Performance
including certain phosphorus compounds (Note 2).
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products
NOTE 1—In certain types of samples, all of the ash-forming metals are
and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
not retained quantitatively in the ash. This is particularly true of distillate
oils, which require a special ash procedure in order to retain metals
3. Summary of Test Method
quantitatively.
NOTE 2—This test method is not intended for the analysis of unused
3.1 The sample contained in a suitable vessel is ignited and
lubricating oils containing additives; for such samples use Test Method
allowed to burn until only ash and carbon remain. The
D874. Neither is it intended for the analysis of lubricating oils containing
carbonaceous residue is reduced to an ash by heating in a
lead nor for used engine crankcase oils.
muffle furnace at 775°C, cooled and weighed.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Significance and Use
only. The preferred expression of the property is mass %.
4.1 Knowledge of the amount of ash-forming material
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
present in a product can provide information as to whether or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
not the product is suitable for use in a given application. Ash
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
can result from oil or water-soluble metallic compounds or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
from extraneous solids such as dirt and rust.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
2
5.1 EvaporatingDishorCrucible,madeofplatinum,silica,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
or porcelain, of 90 mL minimum capacity to 120-mL maxi-
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils
mum capacity.
and Additives
5.2 Electric Muffle Furnace, capable of maintaining a tem-
perature of 775 6 25°C and preferably having suitable
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
apertures at the front and rear so as to allow a slow natural
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
draught of air to pass through.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published March 2013. Originally
5.3 Meeker Gas Burner, or equivalent.
approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D482–07. DOI:
10.1520/D0482-12.
5.4 Mechanical Shaker.
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization
Committee. This test method was adopted as a joint ASTM-IP standard in 1965.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Reagents
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 Propan-2-ol— (Warning—Flammable, can be explo-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. sive when evaporated to or near dryness.)
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D482 − 12
TABLE 1 Test Specimen Mass versus Ash
6.2 Toluene—(Warning—Flammable, toxic.)
Test Specimen,
6.3 Quality Control (QC) Samples , preferably are portions Expected Ash, mass % Ash Mass, mg
mass, g
of one or more liqui
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D482 − 07 D482 − 12
Designation: 4/96
Standard Test Method for
1
Ash from Petroleum Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D482; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ash in the range 0.001–0.180 mass %, from distillate and residual fuels, gas
turbine fuels, crude oils, lubricating oils, waxes, and other petroleum products, in which any ash-forming materials present are
normally considered to be undesirable impurities or contaminants (Note 1). The test method is limited to petroleum products which
are free from added ash-forming additives, including certain phosphorus compounds (Note 2).
NOTE 1—In certain types of samples, all of the ash-forming metals are not retained quantitatively in the ash. This is particularly true of distillate oils,
which require a special ash procedure in order to retain metals quantitatively.
NOTE 2—This test method is not intended for the analysis of unused lubricating oils containing additives; for such samples use Test Method D874.
Neither is it intended for the analysis of lubricating oils containing lead nor for used engine crankcase oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
The preferred expression of the property is mass %.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and Additives
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4928 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The sample contained in a suitable vessel is ignited and allowed to burn until only ash and carbon remain. The carbonaceous
residue is reduced to an ash by heating in a muffle furnace at 775°C, cooled and weighed.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Knowledge of the amount of ash-forming material present in a product can provide information as to whether or not the
product is suitable for use in a given application. Ash can result from oil or water-soluble metallic compounds or from extraneous
solids such as dirt and rust.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.03 on
Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007Dec. 1, 2012. Published January 2008March 2013. Originally approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 20032007 as
D482–03.–07. DOI: 10.1520/D0482-12.
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Committee. This test method was adopted as a joint ASTM-IP standard in 1965. DOI:
10.1520/D0482-07.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D482 − 12
5. Apparatus
5.1 Evaporating Dish or Crucible , made of platinum, silica, or porcelain, of 90 mL minimum capacity to 120-mL maximum
capacity.
5.2 Electric Muffle Furnace, capable of maintaining a temperature of 775 6 25°C and preferably having suitable apertures at
the front and rear so as to allow a slow natural draught of air to pass through.
5.3 Meeker Gas Burner, or equivale
...