ASTM C411-17

Standard Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Performance in service is the final measure of value for a thermal insulation, but simulative service tests give useful indications. One type involves application for a specified time to a surface heated at a temperature approximately that of intended service, and noting during the test and afterward, changes in the material and its properties. Measurement of these changes are used for predicting what occurs in service as a result of exposure to temperatures corresponding to those of the tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the performance of commercial sizes of both block and pipe forms of thermal insulating materials when exposed to simulated hot-surface application conditions. The term “hot-surface performance” has reference to a simulated use-temperature test in which the heated testing surface is in a horizontal position.  
1.2 This test method refers primarily to high-temperature insulations that are applicable to hot-side temperatures in excess of 150°F (66°C). It is used for materials such as preformed insulations, insulating cements, blankets, and the like, by proper laboratory preparation of the samples.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2017
• ICS: 81.080 - Refractories
• Technical Committee: C16 - Thermal Insulation
• Drafting Committee: C16.31 - Chemical and Physical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C411-11 - Standard Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Replaced By: ASTM C411-19 - Standard Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019
• Referred By: ASTM E861-13(2021) - Standard Practice for Evaluating Thermal Insulation Materials for Use in Solar Collectors
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C195-07(2019) - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Thermal Insulating Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C447-15(2022) - Standard Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Temperature of Thermal Insulations
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C656-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Structural Insulating Board, Calcium Silicate
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C610-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Molded Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C1427-21 - Standard Specification for Extruded Preformed Flexible Cellular Polyolefin Thermal Insulation in Sheet and Tubular Form
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C553-13(2019) - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Commercial and Industrial Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C1086-20 - Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Mechanically Bonded Felt Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C534/C534M-23 - Standard Specification for Preformed Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Thermal Insulation in Sheet and Tubular Form
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C356-22 - Standard Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking Heat
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C552-22 - Standard Specification for Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C1534-22 - Standard Specification for Flexible Polymeric Foam Sheet Insulation Used as a Thermal and Sound Absorbing Liner for Duct Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Referred By: ASTM C1668-20 - Standard Specification for Externally Applied Reflective Insulation Systems on Rigid Duct in Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C411 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal
1
Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C411; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope C167Test Methods forThickness and Density of Blanket or
Batt Thermal Insulations
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the perfor-
C168Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
mance of commercial sizes of both block and pipe forms of
C356Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-
thermal insulating materials when exposed to simulated hot-
Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking
surface application conditions. The term “hot-surface perfor-
Heat
mance” has reference to a simulated use-temperature test in
which the heated testing surface is in a horizontal position.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method refers primarily to high-temperature
3.1 Definitions—Terminology C168 shall apply to the terms
insulations that are applicable to hot-side temperatures in
used in this test method.
excess of 150°F (66°C). It is used for materials such as
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
preformed insulations, insulating cements, blankets, and the
3.2.1 sag, n—the extent of thickness loss of pipe insulation,
like, by proper laboratory preparation of the samples.
at the top longitudinal center, due to material fatigue or
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
decomposition due to elevated temperature.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4. Significance and Use
and are not considered standard.
4.1 Performance in service is the final measure of value for
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
a thermal insulation, but simulative service tests give useful
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
indications. One type involves application for a specified time
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
to a surface heated at a temperature approximately that of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
intended service, and noting during the test and afterward,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
changes in the material and its properties. Measurement of
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
these changes are used for predicting what occurs in service as
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
a result of exposure to temperatures corresponding to those of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
the tests.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 5. Apparatus
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 Heating Plate—The heating plate shall consist of a
corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant plate with a preferred
2. Referenced Documents
exposed test area of 36 by 18 in. (914 by 457 mm), but having
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: a minimum test area of 18 by 18 in. (457 by 457 mm). The
heated area shall have an insulated, heated guard area having a
minimumwidthof3in.(76mm)aroundtheentireperipheryof
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC16onThermal
the test area.The plate shall be supported in a horizontal plane
InsulationandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC16.31onChemicaland
at a sufficient number of points to prevent sagging. It shall be
Physical Properties.
heated on the under side by gas or electricity. The surface
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originally
temperatureoftheplateshallbemeasuredbynotlessthanfive
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C411–11. DOI:
10.1520/C0411-17.
thermocouples. Four of the thermocouples shall be located
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
alongthediagonalsthatextendfromthecornersoftheexposed
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
area of the plate and at a distance of 6 in. (152 mm) in from
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. each corner. A fifth thermocouple shall be located near the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C411 − 17
center of the test plate area. The temper
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C411 − 11 C411 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal
1
Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C411; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the performance of commercial sizes of both block and pipe forms of thermal
insulating materials when exposed to simulated hot-surface application conditions. The term “hot-surface performance” has
reference to a simulated use-temperature test in which the heated testing surface is in a horizontal position.
1.2 This test method refers primarily to high-temperature insulations that are applicable to hot-side temperatures in excess of
200°F (93°C).150°F (66°C). It is used for materials such as preformed insulations, insulating cements, blankets, and the like, by
proper laboratory preparation of the samples.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or Batt Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking Heat
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terminology C168 shall apply to the terms used in this test method.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 sag, n—the extent of thickness loss of pipe insulation, at the top longitudinal center, due to material fatigue or
decomposition due to elevated temperature.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Performance in service is the final measure of value for a thermal insulation, but simulative service tests give useful
indications. One type involves application for a specified time to a surface heated at a temperature approximately that of intended
service, and noting during the test and afterward, changes in the material and its properties. Measurement of these changes are used
for predicting what occurs in service as a result of exposure to temperatures corresponding to those of the tests.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.31 on Chemical and
Physical Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2017. Published August 2011November 2017. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
C411 – 05.C411 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/C0411-11.10.1520/C0411-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C411 − 17
5. Apparatus
5.1 Heating Plate—The heating plate shall consist of a corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant plate with a preferred exposed test
area of 36 by 18 in. (914 by 457 mm), but having a minimum test area of 18 by 18 in. (457 by 457 mm). The heated area shall
have an insulated, heated guard area having a minimum width of 3 in. (76 mm) around the entire periphery of the test area. The
plate shall be supported in a horizontal plane at a sufficient number of points to prevent sagging. It
...