ASTM D6389-99(2016)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geotextiles to Liquids
Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geotextiles to Liquids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides a test procedure for determining the resistance of a geotextile with a liquid waste, leachate, or chemical. This practice should be used in the absence of other specifications required for the particular situation being addressed.
5.2 The specification of test procedures in this practice is intended to serve as a guide for those wishing to compare or investigate the chemical resistance of a geotextile to a potentially harsh chemical environment.
5.3 This practice is for the chemical resistance assessment of geotextiles and is written in parallel to similar standard practices for geomembranes, geogrids, geonets, and geopipes. Each standard is to be considered individually for the geosynthetic under investigation and collectively for all geosynthetics exposed to the potentially harsh chemical environment under consideration.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedures used for testing geotextiles for chemical resistance to liquids.
1.2 This practice describes test methods for measuring changes in planar dimensions, tensile properties, and other optional physical, mechanical, and hydraulic properties caused by immersion in test liquids which may be representative of anticipated end-use conditions. This practice may be used to assess the extent to which a product's as-manufactured properties are affected by such immersion.
1.3 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with either Practices D5322 or D5496. The scope of this practice is limited to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and exposed geotextile samples.
1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the scope of this practice.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.
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Designation: D6389 − 99 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Practice for
Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geotextiles to
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6389; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4491Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextiles
by Permittivity
1.1 This practice describes the procedures used for testing
D4533Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geo-
geotextiles for chemical resistance to liquids.
textiles
1.2 This practice describes test methods for measuring
D4595Test Method for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles by
changes in planar dimensions, tensile properties, and other
the Wide-Width Strip Method
optional physical, mechanical, and hydraulic properties caused
D4603Test Method for Determining Inherent Viscosity of
by immersion in test liquids which may be representative of
Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) (PET) by Glass Capillary
anticipated end-use conditions. This practice may be used to
Viscometer
assess the extent to which a product’s as-manufactured prop-
D4632TestMethodforGrabBreakingLoadandElongation
erties are affected by such immersion.
of Geotextiles
D4716Test Method for Determining the (In-plane) Flow
1.3 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with
either Practices D5322 or D5496. The scope of this practice is Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a
Geosynthetic Using a Constant Head
limited to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and
exposed geotextile samples. D4751TestMethodforDeterminingApparentOpeningSize
of a Geotextile
1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the
D4833 Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance of
scope of this practice.
Geomembranes and Related Products
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D5199Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of Geosynthetics
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D5261Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Geotextiles
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
D5322Practice for Laboratory Immersion Procedures for
warning statements, see Section 7.
Evaluating the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to
Liquids
2. Referenced Documents
D5496Practice for In Field Immersion Testing of Geosyn-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
thetics
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
D5747Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resis-
D1238Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics
tance of Geomembranes to Liquids
by Extrusion Plastometer
D5885Test Method for Oxidative Induction Time of Poly-
D3895Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Poly-
olefin Geosynthetics by High-Pressure Differential Scan-
olefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
ning Calorimetry
D4439Terminology for Geosynthetics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn-
3.1.1 chemical resistance, n—for geosynthetics, the extent
thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endurance
Properties.
to which a material or product retains its as-manufactured
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2016.PublishedJune2016.Orginallyapproved
physical and chemical characteristics when subjected to im-
in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6389–99(2012). DOI:
mersion or contact with a foreign substance (see Practice
10.1520/D6389-99R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or D5747).
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.2 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. polymeric material used with foundation soil, rock, earth, or
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6389 − 99 (2016)
any other geotechnical engineering related material as an sion liquids, and any contaminated geotextile materials should
integral part of a manmade project, structure, or system (see be identified and implemented to provide full protection to all
Terminology D4439). personnel and to comply with applicable disposal regulations.
3.1.3 geotextile, n—any permeable textile used with
8. Sampling
foundation,soil,rock,earth,oranyothergeotechnicalmaterial
8.1 Determine the number of the test specimens according
as an integral part of manmade product, structure, or system
to the requirements of the property monitoring test and the
(see Terminology D4439).
number of test intervals.
3.1.4 For definitions of other terms used in this practice,
8.2 Cutindividualtestspecimensrandomlyintherollandin
refer to Terminologies D123 and D4439.
the cross directions along the length of the roll of geotextile,
4. Summary of Practice
staying at least 150 mm away from the selvage.
4.1 This practice defines test methods and procedures for
8.3 Mix or shuffle specimens in a random fashion, keeping
evaluating the resistance of geotextiles to liquid exposure by
the roll and cross roll specimens separate. From the shuffled
monitoring physical and chemical properties of geotextiles
specimens, select specimens for assignment to unexposed
specimens immersed in a test liquid.The physical condition of
(baseline) testing and for immersion in the test liquid for
the geotextile is monitored as a function of cumulative expo-
testing after exposure.
suretimebymeansofdimensionalmeasurementsandphysical
property tests. 9. Conditioning
9.1 Conditioning—Samples must be conditioned at a tem-
5. Significance and Use
peratureof2162°C(7064°F)andarelativehumiditybetween
5.1 This practice provides a test procedure for determining
50 and 70% for a period not less than 40 h prior to weighing
the resistance of a geotextile with a liquid waste, leachate, or
or baseline testing and immersion, or a combination thereof.
chemical. This practice should be used in the absence of other
9.2 Conditionthetestliquid,thatis,immersionliquid,inthe
specifications required for the particular situation being ad-
exposure tank, with stirring, as recommended in Practices
dressed.
D5322 or D5496, or both.
5.2 The specification of test procedures in this practice is
intended to serve as a guide for those wishing to compare or
10. Procedure
investigate the chemical resistance of a geotextile to a poten-
10.1 Immerse the samples in the liquid according to either
tially harsh chemical environment.
Practices D5322 or D5496.
5.3 This practice is for the chemical resistance assessment
10.2 Testing for Baseline Values—The unexposed speci-
of geotextiles and is written in parallel to similar standard
mens (not exposed to the test liquid) shall be moist when
practices for geomembranes, geogrids, geonets, and geopipes.
tested.Eachspecimenshallbeimmersedinwaterfor24hprior
Each standard is to be considered individually for the geosyn-
to testing. Excess water to drain from each of the specimens
thetic under investigation and collectively for all geosynthetics
prior to testing. Conduct testing prior to commencement of the
exposed to the potentially harsh chemical environment under
immersions.
consideration.
10.3 Exposed Sample Testing—Test the exposed specimens
6. Apparatus
moist.Allow excess liquid to drain from the specimens. Store
6.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing accurately to the exposed specimens in leak-free polyethylene b
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6389 − 99 (Reapproved 2012) D6389 − 99 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Practice for
Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geotextiles to
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6389; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes the procedures used for testing geotextiles for chemical resistance to liquids.
1.2 This practice describes test methods for measuring changes in planar dimensions, tensile properties, and other optional
physical, mechanical, and hydraulic properties caused by immersion in test liquids which may be representative of anticipated
end-use conditions. This practice may be used to assess the extent to which a product’s as-manufactured properties are affected
by such immersion.
1.3 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with either Practices D5322 or D5496. The scope of this practice is
limited to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and exposed geotextile samples.
1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the scope of this practice.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by Extrusion Plastometer
D3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D4491 Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextiles by Permittivity
D4533 Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geotextiles
D4595 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles by the Wide-Width Strip Method
D4603 Test Method for Determining Inherent Viscosity of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) (PET) by Glass Capillary Viscometer
D4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles
D4716 Test Method for Determining the (In-plane) Flow Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a Geosynthetic
Using a Constant Head
D4751 Test Method for Determining Apparent Opening Size of a Geotextile
D4833 Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance of Geomembranes and Related Products
D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness of Geosynthetics
D5261 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of Geotextiles
D5322 Practice for Laboratory Immersion Procedures for Evaluating the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to Liquids
D5496 Practice for In Field Immersion Testing of Geosynthetics
D5747 Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geomembranes to Liquids
D5885 Test Method for Oxidative Induction Time of Polyolefin Geosynthetics by High-Pressure Differential Scanning
Calorimetry
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endurance Properties.
Current edition approved July 1, 2012June 1, 2016. Published July 2012June 2016. Orginally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20052012 as
D6389–99(2005).D6389–99(2012). DOI: 10.1520/D6389-99R12.10.1520/D6389-99R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6389 − 99 (2016)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 chemical resistance, n—for geosynthetics, the extent to which a material or product retains its as-manufactured physical
and chemical characteristics when subjected to immersion or contact with a foreign substance (see Practice D5747).
3.1.2 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from polymeric material used with foundation soil, rock, earth, or any
other geotechnical engineering related material as an integral part of a manmade project, structure, or system (see Terminology
D4439).
3.1.3 geotextile, n—any permeable textile used with foundation, soil, rock, earth, or any other geotechnical material as an
integral part of manmade product, structure, or system (see Terminology D4439).
3.1.4 For definitions of other terms used in this practice, refer to Terminologies D123 and D4439.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 This practice defines test methods and procedures for evaluating the resistance of geotextiles to liquid exposure by
monitoring physical and chemical properties of geotextiles specimens immersed in a test liquid. The physical condition of the
geotextile is monitored as a function of cumulative exposure time by means of dimensional measurements and physical property
tests.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice provides a test procedure for determining the resistance of a geotextile with a liquid waste, leachate, or
chemical. This practice should be used in the absence of other specifications required for the particular situation being addressed.
5.2 The specification of test procedures in this practice is intended to serve as a guide for those wishing to compare or
investigate the chemical resistance of a geotextile to a potentially harsh chemical environment.
5.3 This practice is for the chemical resistance assessment of geotextiles and is written in parallel to similar standard practices
for geomembranes, geogrids, geonets, and geopipes. Each standard is to be considered individually for the geosynthetic under
investigation and collectively for all geosynthetics exposed to the potentially harsh chemical environment under consideration.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing accurately to 0.001 g.
6.2 Measuring Equipment, such as scales or calipers, suitable for determining dimensions of geotextiles.
6.3 All other required equipment is specified in Section 2. Refer to the appropriate standards for a description of the apparatus
necessary to perform each test.
7. Hazards
NOTE 1—Warning: The solutions used in this practice may contain hazardous chemicals. Appropriate precautions must be taken when handling
hazardous waste, chemicals, and the immersion solutions. Protective equipment suitable for the chemicals being used must be worn by all personnel
handling or exposed to the chemicals. Particular care should be taken when opening storage vessels at elevated temperatures due to the increased volatility
of organics and the increased activity of acids and bases. Care also must be taken to prevent the spilling of hazardous materials, and provisions must be
made to clean up any accidental spills that occur.
7.1 Before carrying out any test, safety precautions and disposal procedures for hazardous waste, chemicals, or immersion
liquids, and any contaminated geotextile materials should be identified and implemented to provide full protection to all personnel
and to comply with applicable disposal regulations.
8. Sampling
8.1 Determine the number of the test specimens according to the requirements of the property monitoring test and the number
of test intervals.
8.2 Cut individual test specimens randomly in the roll and in the cross directions along the length of the roll of geotextile,
staying at least 150 mm away from the selvage.
8.3 Mix or sh
...
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