ASTM F441/F441M-99
(Specification)Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80
Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC) pipe made in Schedule 40 and 80 sizes and pressure-rated for water (see appendix). Included are criteria for classifying CPVC plastic pipe materials and CPVC plastic pipe, a system of nomenclature for CPVC plastic pipe, and requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, sustained pressure, burst pressure, flattening, and extrusion quality. Methods of marking are also given.
Note 1—The CPVC pipe covered by this specification was covered previously in Specification D 1785.
Note 2—The sustained and burst pressure test requirements, and the pressure ratings in the appendix, are calculated from stress values obtained from tests made on pipe 2 in. [50 mm] and smaller. However, tests on larger pipe have shown these stress values to be valid.
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to inherent hazards associated with testing components and systems with compressed air or other compressed gases some manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.
Note 3—Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious saftey hazards should a system fail for any reason.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in Note 6.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: F 441/F 441M – 99 An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Specification for
Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe,
Schedules 40 and 80
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 441/F 441M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This
1.1 This specification covers chlorinated poly(vinyl chlo-
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
ride) (CPVC) pipe made in Schedule 40 and 80 sizes and
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
pressure-rated for water (see appendix). Included are criteria
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
for classifying CPVC plastic pipe materials and CPVC plastic
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
pipe, a system of nomenclature for CPVC plastic pipe, and
tions prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given
requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship,
in Note 6.
dimensions, sustained pressure, burst pressure, flattening, and
extrusion quality. Methods of marking are also given.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—The CPVC pipe covered by this specification was covered
2.1 ASTM Standards:
previously in Specification D 1785.
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
NOTE 2—The sustained and burst pressure test requirements, and the
Insulating Materials for Testing
pressure ratings in the appendix, are calculated from stress values obtained
D 1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe
from tests made on pipe 2 in. [50 mm] and smaller. However, tests on
Under Constant Internal Pressure
larger pipe have shown these stress values to be valid.
D 1599 Test Method for Short-Time Hydraulic Failure Pres-
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended
sure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to
Plastics
inherent hazards associated with testing components and sys-
D 1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
tems with compressed air or other compressed gases some
Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products.
(CPVC) Compounds
Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for
D 1785 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plas-
their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.
tic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
NOTE 3—Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases
D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious saftey 3
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
hazards should a system fail for any reason.
D 2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes,
Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These
F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall
2.2 Federal Standard:
not be considered as requirements of the specification.
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
2.3 Military Standard:
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
2.4 NSF Standards:
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall
Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
Materials
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems
cation.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
1 3
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-17 on Plastic Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.25 on Vinyl Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Based Pipe. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Current edition approved May 10, 1999. Published July 1999. Originally Available from the National Sanitation Foundation, P.O. Box 1468, Ann Arbor,
published as part of D 1785 – 74. Last previous edition F 441 – 97. MI 48106.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 441/F 441M
Components—Health Effects cipher shall be used before the number. Thus a complete
material code shall consist of four letters and four figures for
3. Terminology
CPVC plastic pipe materials (see Section 5).
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
4. Classification
nology F 412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Ter-
4.1 General—This specification covers CPVC pipe made
minology D 1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation
from one (see X1.2) CPVC plastic pipe material in Schedule 40
for chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) is CPVC.
and 80 sizes.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4.2 Hydrostatic Design Stresses—This specification covers
3.2.1 hydrostatic design stress—the estimated maximum
CPVC pipe made from CPVC plastic as defined by hydrostatic
tensile stress the material is capable of withstanding continu-
design stresses which have been developed on the basis of
ously with a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe
long-term tests (see appendix).
will not occur. This stress is circumferential when internal
hydrostatic water pressure is applied.
5. Materials
3.2.2 pressure rating (PR)—the estimated maximum water
5.1 General—Chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) plastics used
pressure the pipe is capable of withstanding continuously with
to make pipe meeting the requirements of this specification are
a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur.
categorized by means of two criteria, namely, (1) short-term
3.2.3 relation between dimensions, design stress, and pres-
strength tests and (2) long-term hydrostatic strength tests at
sure rating—The following expression, commonly known as
both 73 and 180°F [23 and 82°C].
the ISO equation, is used in this specification to relate
5.2 Basic Materials—This specification covers CPVC pipe
dimensions, hydrostatic design stress, and pressure rating:
made from compounds meeting the requirements of Class
2 S/P 5 ~ D /t! 2 1
O
23447 as defined in Specification D 1784. The materials shall
have Hydrostatic Design Stress (HDS) listings equal to or
where:
greater than 2000 psi [13.80 MPa] at 73°F [23°C] and 500 psi
S 5 hydrostatic design stress, psi [MPa],
[3.45 MPa] at 180°F [82°C] when evaluated in accordance
P 5 pressure rating, psi [MPa],
D 5 average outside diameter, in. [mm], and
with Test Method D 2837.
O
t 5 minimum wall thickness, in. [mm].
NOTE 4—Mechanical strength, heat resistance, flammability, and
3.2.4 standard thermoplastic pipe materials designation
chemical resistance properties are covered in Specification D 1784.
code—The pipe materials designation code shall consist of the
5.3 Rework Material—The manufacturers shall use only
abbreviation CPVC for the type of plastic, followed by the
their own clean rework pipe material and the pipe produced
ASTM type and grade in Arabic numerals and the design stress
shall meet all the requirements of this specification.
in units of 100 psi (0.7 MPa) with any decimal figures dropped.
When the design stress code contains less than two figures, a
6. Requirements
6.1 Dimensions and Tolerances:
6 6.1.1 Dimensions and tolerances shall be as shown in Table
ISO R 161-1960, Pipes of Plastics Materials for the Transport of Fluids
1 and Table 2 when measured in accordance with Test Method
(Outside Diameters and Nominal Pressures) Part 1, Metric Series.
TABLE 1 Outside Diameters and Tolerances for CPVC Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80, in. [mm]
Tolerances
Maximum Out-of-Roundness
(maximum minus minimum diameter)
Schedule 40 sizes Schedule 40 sizes
31 2 in. and over; 3 in. and less;
/
Nominal Pipe Schedule 80 sizes Schedule 80 sizes
Size Outside Diameter 8 in. and over 6 in. and less
1 4 [8] 0.540 [13.7] 60.004 [0.10] . 0.016 (0.41)
/
3 8 [10] 0.675 [17.1] 60.004 [0.10] . 0.016 (0.41)
/
1 2 [15] 0.840 [21.3] 60.004 [0.10] . 0.016 (0.41)
/
3 4 [20] 1.050 [26.7] 60.004 [0.10] . 0.020 (0.51)
/
1 [25] 1.315 [33.4] 60.005 [0.13] . 0.020 (0.51)
11 4 [32] 1.660 [42.2] 60.005 [0.13] . 0.024 (0.61)
/
11 2 [40] 1.900 [48.3] 60.006 [0.15] . 0.024 (0.61)
/
2 [50] 2.375 [60.3] 60.006 [0.15] . 0.024 (0.61)
21 2 [65] 2.875 [73.0] 60.007 [0.18] . 0.030 (0.76)
/
3 [80] 3.500 [88.9] 60.008 [0.20] . . . 0.030 (0.76)
31 2 [90] 4.000 [101.6] 60.008 [0.20] 0.100 (2.54) 0.030 (0.76)
/
4 [100] 4.500 [114.3] 60.009 [0.23] 0.100 (2.54) 0.030 (0.76)
5 [125] 5.563 [141.3] 60.010 [0.25] 0.100 (2.54) 0.060 (1.52)
6 [150] 6.625 [168.3] 60.011 [0.28] 0.100 (2.54) 0.070 (1.78)
8 [200] 8.625 [219.1] 60.015 [0.38] 0.150 (3.81) 0.090 (2.29)
10 [250] 10.750 [273.1] 60.015 [0.38] 0.150 (3.81) 0.100 (2.54)
12 [300] 12.750 [323.9] 60.015 [0.38] 0.150 (3.81) 0.120 (3.05)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 441/F 441M
A,B
TABLE 2 Wall Thicknesses and Tolerances for CPVC Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80, in. [mm]
A
Wall Thickness
Schedule 40 Schedule 80
Nominal Pipe
Size Min Tolerance Min Tolerance
1 4 [8] 0.088 [2.24] +0.020 [0.51] 0.119 [3.02] +0.020 [0.51]
/
3 8 [10] 0.091 [2.31] +0.020 [0.51] 0.126 [3.20] +0.020 [0.51]
/
1 2 [15] 0.109 [2.77] +0.020 [0.51] 0.147 [3.73] +0.020 [0.51]
/
3 4 [20] 0.113 [2.87] +0.020 [0.51] 0.154 [3.91] +0.020 [0.51]
/
1 [25] 0.133 [3.38] +0.020 [0.51] 0.179 [4.55] +0.021 [0.53]
11 4 [32] 0.140 [3.56] +0.020 [0.51] 0.191 [4.85] +0.023 [0.58]
/
11 2 [40] 0.145 [3.68] +0.020 [0.51] 0.200 [5.08] +0.024 [0.61]
/
2 [50] 0.154 [3.91] +0.020 [0.51] 0.218 [5.54] +0.026 [0.66]
21 2 [65] 0.203 [5.16] +0.024 [0.61] 0.276 [7.01] +0.033 [0.84]
/
3 [80] 0.216 [5.49] +0.026 [0.66] 0.300 [7.62] +0.036 [0.91]
31 2 [90] 0.226 [5.74] +0.027 [0.68] 0.318 [8.08] +0.038 [0.96]
/
4 [100] 0.237 [6.02] +0.028 [0.71] 0.337 [8.56] +0.040 [1.02]
5 [125] 0.258 [6.55] +0.031 [0.79] 0.375 [9.52] +0.045 [1.14]
6 [150] 0.280 [7.11] +0.034 [0.86] 0.432 [10.97] +0.052 [1.32]
8 [200] 0.322 [8.18] +0.039 [0.99] 0.500 [12.70] +0.060 [1.52]
10 [250] 0.365 [9.27] +0.044 [1.12] 0.593 [15.06] +0.071 [1.80]
12 [300] 0.406 [10.31] +0.049 [1.24] 0.687 [17.45] +0.082 [2.08]
A
The minimum is the lowest wall thickness of the pipe at any cross section. All tolerances are on the plus side of the minimum requirement.
B
These dimensions conform to nominal IPS dimensions.
D 2122. The tolerances for out-of-roundness shall apply only the CPVC material used in its manufacture. If the lower
to pipe prior to shipment. confidence value at 100 000 h differs from the extrapolated
6.1.2 Wall Thickness Range—The wall thickness range shall LTHS value by more than 15 % of the latter; or M in Appendix
not exceed 12 % when measured in accordance with Test X2 (Test Method D 2837) is zero or negative; or b in the
Method D 2122. equation h 5 a + bf in Appendix X1 (Test Method D 2837) is
6.2 Sustained Pressure—The pipe shall not fail, balloon, positive, consider the data unsuitable.
burst, or weep as defined in Test Method D 1598, at the test 6.3 Burst Pressure—The minimum burst pressures for
pressures given in Table 3, when tested in accordance with 8.4. CPVC plastic pipe shall be as given in Table 4, when
6.2.1 Accelerated Regression Test—The accelerated re- determined in accordance with Test Method D 1599.
gression test shall be used in place of both the sustained and 6.4 Flattening—There shall be no evidence of splitting,
burst pressure tests at the option of the manufacturer. The test cracking, or breaking when the pipe is tested in accordance
shall be conducted in accordance with 8.4.1. The pipe shall with 8.5.
demonstrate a hydrostatic design basis projection at the
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
100 000 h intercept that meets the hydrostatic design basis
category requirement (see Table 1, Test Method D 2837) for 7.1 The pipe shall be homogeneous throughout and free
from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or other defects.
TABLE 3 Sustained Pressure Test Conditions for Water at 73°F
TABLE 4 Burst Pressure Requirements for Water at 73°F [23°C]
[23°C] for CPVC 4120 Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80
for CPVC 4120 Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80
A
Pressure Required for Test
A
Minimum Burst Pressure
Schedule 40 Schedule 80
Nominal Pipe
Schedule 40 Schedule 80
Size psi [kPa] psi [kPa] Nominal Pipe
Size psi [kPa] psi [kPa]
1 4 [8] 1640 [11 310] 2370 [16 340]
/
3 8 [10] 1310 [9 030] 1930 [13 310] 1 4 [8] 2490 [17 170] 3620 [24 960]
/ /
1 2 [15] 1250 [8 620] 1780 [12 270] 3 8 [10] 1990 [13 720] 2940 [20 270]
/ /
3 4 [20] 1010 [6 960] 1440 [9 930] 1 2 [15] 1910 [13 170] 2720 [18 760]
/ /
1 [25] 950 [6 550] 1320 [9 100] 3 4 [20] 1540 [10 620] 2200 [15 170]
/
11 4 [32] 770 [5 310] 1090 [7 520] 1 [25] 1440 [9 930] 2020 [13 930]
/
11 2 [40] 690 [4 760] 990 [6 830] 11 4 [32] 1180 [8 140] 1660 [11 450]
/ /
2 [50] 580 [4 000] 850 [5 860] 11 2 [40] 1060 [7 310] 1510 [10 410]
/
2 [50] 890 [6 140] 1290 [8 890]
21 2 [65] 640 [4 410] 890 [6 140]
/
3 [80] 590 [4 070] 790 [5 450] 21 2 [65] 970 [6 690] 1360 [9 380]
/
31 2 [90] 500 [3 450] 730 [5 030] 3 [80] 840 [5 790] 1200 [8 270]
/
4 [100] 470 [3 240] 680 [4 690] 31 2 [90] 770 [5 310] 1110 [7 650]
/
5 [125] 410 [2 830] 610 [4 210] 4 [100] 710 [4 900] 1040 [7 170]
6 [150] 370 [2 550] 590 [4 070] 5 [125] 620 [4 270] 930 [6 410]
8 [200] 330 [2 280] 520 [3 590] 6 [150] 560 [3 860] 890 [6 140]
8 [200] 500 [3 450] 790 [5 450]
10 [250] 300 [2 070] 490 [3 380]
12 [300] 280 [1 930] 480 [3 310] 10 [250] 450 [3 100] 750 [5 170
...
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